Flood retention basin Kirchhain / Ohm
| Flood retention basin Kirchhain / Ohm | |||||||||
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 some dam sections, the outlet structure, the villages of Schönbach , Niederwald , Anzefahr , Stausebach and Kirchhain (from left to right) and the quarry ponds between Niederwald and Kirchhain |
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| Coordinates | 50 ° 48 '59 " N , 8 ° 53' 25" E | ||||||||
| Data on the structure | |||||||||
| Lock type: | Earthfill dam | ||||||||
| Construction time: | 1951-1956 | ||||||||
| Height of the barrier structure : | 6 m | ||||||||
| Crown length: | approx. 9 km | ||||||||
| Operator: | Lahn-Ohm water association | ||||||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||||||
| Water surface | 9 km² | ||||||||
| Total storage space : | 17 million m³ | ||||||||
| Catchment area | 887 km² | ||||||||
| Design flood : | 490 m³ / s | ||||||||
The flood retention basin Kirchhain / Ohm (formerly also called HRB Kirchhain 3/2 ) of the Lahn-Ohm water association is a flood retention basin (HRB) on the Ohm near Kirchhain in the central Hessian district of Marburg-Biedenkopf and belongs to the catchment area of the Lahn .
As a "green pool", usually located where no water, it serves the flood protection of the most and underneath it nearby towns (like some distant Marburg ) and it protects the river basin of the Lahn before flood .
Geographical location
The flood retention basin is located in the Amöneburg Basin at the mouths of the Klein , Wohra and Würf in the Lahn tributary of the Ohm . It is located below Amöneburg in the southeast and extends from there past the villages of Kirchhain , Kleinseelheim , Großseelheim and Niederwald to just before Schönbach in the northwest. Its main dam is around 500 m southeast of Schönbach (position barrier ⊙ ).
The nature reserve Brießelserlen (NSG No. 162563), which was founded in 1995 and is 53 hectares in size, is located within the flood retention basin between the villages of Kirchhain and Niederwald .
history
Because the Ohm often had strong floods , as in the 20th century on February 9 and 10, 1946, and flooded large parts of the towns on the river, the Lahn-Ohm water association was founded on March 22, 1960 and partly on the Lahn and Ohm several flood retention basins had already been built. The result was at the Ohm the HRB Kirchhain / Ohm, the excess Ohmwasser picks: The preparatory work has started in 1951. The actual construction work, including embankment dams and construction of Auslassbauwerks lasted from 1952 to 1956. The commissioning took place after completion of the third sample storage , of the Lasted February 12, 1958 to March 2, 1958.
On February 7th and 8th 1984 there was a flood of the century , whereby the dams of the basin proved their worth, although there were also floods in the area of Ohm and Lahn below the basin.
From 1993 to 1995 the main dam including the outlet structure was renovated; only much later, in January / February 2002, was a trial jam carried out.
Dams with outlet structure
The dams are about 9 km long, the dam of the main basin about 5.5 km. They consist of earth fillings (like alluvial clay). An outlet structure ( ⊙ ) made of reinforced concrete with a flood relief system was integrated into the main dam , which can let through up to 490 m³ / s; the control power at the bottom outlet is 75.00 m³ / s. An operating building with monitoring and control devices was erected directly above the outlet structure.
Flood retention basin
The dam has 17 million cubic meters of flood control room . The basin, which is around 9 km² in size when it is fully flooded, is designed for around 887 km² of precipitation or catchment area , which makes up around 90.16% of the total area of precipitation in the Ohm. The water level above the basin floor is between 4.10 m for a normal water level and around 6 m for the highest water level.
The reservoir is divided into three basin areas (viewed downstream along the Ohm): The southeast part is south of the federal road 62 (near Amöneburg), the middle part beyond or north of the B 62 leading in a semicircle around Kirchhain (south of Kirchhain) and the Largest part of the basin in the northwest between the B 62 and the outlet structure located a little further west near Kreisstraße 31 (between Niederwald, Großseelheim and Kleinseelheim). The height difference (measured at the basin floor) between the south-eastern (mean: 194 m above sea level ) and north-western (mean: 196.5 m above sea level ) part of the basin is small.
Somewhat above the northern edge of the basin, where some of the still operational quarry ponds extend between the villages of Niederwald and Kirchhain , the Wohra sand trap was built in 1959 on the Wohra, which flows into the Ohm in the middle of the basin, to hold back alluvial material such as gravel and sand .
Work on rivers and infrastructure
During the construction of the main dam, the section of the river Ohm located in the dam area was designed as an open canal leading through the dam. In addition, access roads to the dam and walking, hiking and control trails leading over this dam and the other dams were created.
traffic
The federal road 62 leads through the central and eastern parts of the basin, on a road embankment and on bridges , from which the federal road 454 branches off in the east . In addition, the B 62 is crossed by the state road 3048, from which the L 3073 branches off in the basin. The Ohm Valley Railway runs through the eastern part of the basin in a north-south direction , from which the Main-Weser Railway branches off in Kirchhain, which touches the central part of the basin in the north ; both also run on dams and bridges.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o 50 years • 1960 - 2010 ( Memento from April 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ). Info brochure of the Lahn-Ohm water association, 2010, p. 24 (PDF; 2.79 MB).
- ↑ a b List of dams in Germany .
- ↑ a b 50 years of water maintenance and flood protection in the area of the Lahn-Ohm water association. Lecture at the non-profit training company for water management and landscape development, 2009 (PDF; 4.42 MB).
- ↑ a b c Ulrich Maniak: Hydrology and Water Management: An Introduction for Engineers. 6th edition. Springer, Berlin 2010, p. 11 ff ( online ).
- ↑ a b c Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ a b Project documentation of dam and dyke construction: Kirchhain / Ohm, flood retention basin. Society for foundation engineering and environmental technology, Braunschweig.