Horbach (open court)

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Horbach
Community Freigericht
Coordinates: 50 ° 8 ′ 24 ″  N , 9 ° 9 ′ 43 ″  E
Height : 185  (177-225)  m
Residents : 1728  (Jul 30, 2019)
Incorporation : January 1, 1970
Postal code : 63579
Area code : 06055
Catholic Church of St. Michael
Catholic Church of St. Michael

Horbach is the smallest district of the municipality of Freigericht in the Main-Kinzig district in Hesse .

Geographical location

The state-approved resort is located in the Spessart nature park on the Näßlichbach at an altitude of 180 m above sea ​​level , approx. 7.5 km south of Gelnhausen, directly on the border with Bavaria .

history

middle Ages

The oldest surviving mention of Horbach comes from a document from the year 850. At that time, the village was owned by the Fulda monastery . The village later belonged to the Somborn court , which in turn was part of the Alzenau free court . This was directly imperial , but the empire pledged or forgave the area again and again. So the rulers changed, including the lords and later counts of Hanau , the lords of Randenburg , the lords of Eppstein and Kurmainz .

The core of the medieval chapel dates from the 13th century and was dedicated to the Archangel Michael . Today it belongs to the political community. Ecclesiastically, Horbach belonged to the parish of Somborn . The central church authority was the Archdeaconate St. Peter and Alexander in Aschaffenburg, Landkapitel Rodgau .

Place name

Medieval spellings of the place name were:

  • Horbahc, Horabach (around 850, but a copy in a copy )
  • Horbach (1175)

Early modern age

In 1500 the elector-archbishop of Mainz and the counts of Hanau-Münzenberg received the free court and with it Horbach together. It was now ruled as a condominate . Since ecclesiastical jurisdiction remained with the Archbishops of Mainz at the time of the condominium , the Reformation - in contrast to the County of Hanau-Münzenberg - could not prevail here. Horbach remained a Roman Catholic .

In 1740, the condominium was dissolved in a real division with a contract, the " partification recess ". Horbach fell to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel , which had inherited the Counts of Hanau in 1736. The village has now been assigned to their office in Altenhaßlau .

Mills

Two watermills were located in the local area on a company ditch that branched off from the Näßlichbach . The Biba mill was located in the southeast of the local area and was shut down in 1917. The wet mill was in the west of the village. It had nine residents in 1895 and was shut down in 1957.

Modern times

In 1803 the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel was elevated to the status of the Electorate of Hesse . During the Napoleonic period, the Altenhaßlau office was initially under French military administration from 1806, belonged to the Principality of Hanau from 1807–1810 and then from 1810 to 1813 to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , Department of Hanau . Then it fell back to the Electorate of Hesse. After the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, by which the Electorate of Hesse was divided into four provinces and 22 districts, the office of Altenhaßlau became part of the newly formed Gelnhausen district . With the annexation of Kurhessen by the Kingdom of Prussia after the lost war of 1866 , Horbach also became Prussian.

The neo-baroque church of St. Michael, built between 1924 and 1926, replaced the medieval chapel as the place of local worship. The interior decoration (neo-baroque sculptures and stained glass windows) comes largely from the time it was made, with the exception of an Assumption of Mary , which Father Anton Biba brought from the Obermedlingen monastery and which the Dehio manual had assigned to the Rembrandt School. An Albert Keates organ has replaced the older organ from the 1930s since 2007.

After the Second World War , a Marian grotto was built, which was inaugurated in 1949.

For January 1, 1970 Horbach was in the course of administrative reform in Hesse on a voluntary basis with other communities to the new community Freigericht together . At the same time, the Gelnhausen district became part of the Main-Kinzig district.

Residents

  • 1598: 0.015 households
  • 1632: 0.010 conscripts
  • 1753: 0.045 households, 5 residents, 1 Jew
  • 1895: 0.442 inhabitants
  • 1939: 0.777 inhabitants
  • 1961: 1,241 inhabitants
  • 1970: 1,459 inhabitants
  • 2012: 1,708 inhabitants

politics

After the independent municipalities merged to form the municipality of Freigericht in 1970, the individual municipal councils were dissolved and replaced by local advisory boards. The local advisory boards in the individual districts are to be heard in all important decisions that affect the respective district and have the right to make suggestions. The members of the local councils elect a local mayor from among their number as the chairman of the local council . The local councils will be dissolved at the end of the municipal electoral period in 2021.

Parties and constituencies 2016 2011 2006 2001 1997
Seats Seats Seats Seats Seats
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 1 1 2 2 2
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 4th 3 3 3 2
UWG Independent voter community Freigericht 0 1 0 0 1
total 5 5 5 5 5

Infrastructure

Personalities

  • Karlheinz Diez (* 1954), born in Horbach, auxiliary bishop of the Fulda diocese
  • Wilhelm Winter (died 1958) former mayor of Horbach, after whom Wilhelm-Winterstrasse was named, he was largely responsible for the canal construction in Horbach and the gondola pond. He was a co-founder of the tourist association. His grandson Joachim Heeg still lives in Horbach today.

literature

  • Ludwig Bickell : The architectural and art monuments in the administrative district of Cassel . Volume 1: Alhard von Drach: Gelnhausen district . Marburg 1901, p. 151 f.
  • Folkhard Cremer (arrangement): Georg Dehio, Handbook of the German Art Monuments Hesse 1st administrative districts Gießen and Kassel. Deutscher Kunstverlag Munich, 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 468.
  • Heinrich Reimer : Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen . Marburg 1926., p. 249.

Web links

Commons : Horbach  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Community registration
  2. ↑ Hessian Ministry for Economic Affairs, Energy, Transport and Regional Development: 81st meeting of the specialist committee for health resorts, recreation areas and healing wells in Hesse on October 13, 2015 . State Gazette for the State of Hesse 7/2016 page 218
  3. ^ Reimer, Heinrich: Document book on the history of the gentlemen of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. In: Digital Collections / 767 - 1300 [50], HHU Düsseldorf. 1891, Retrieved May 25, 2020 .
  4. ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Princes - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900-1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 212 .
  5. ↑ Willi Klein: On the history of milling in the Main-Kinzig district = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 40. Hanau 2003, p. 308 f.
  6. ↑ Amalgamation of the municipalities Altenmittlau, Bernbach, Horbach, Neuses and Somborn in the district of Gelnhausen to form the new municipality "Freigericht" on December 17, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 1 , p. 5 , point 8 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 4.0 MB ]).
  7. ↑ Amendment of the main statutes - local advisory board deleted. Notice of the community, accessed on February 19, 2020