Iori
| Iori | ||
 |
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| Data | ||
| location |
Mtskheta-Mtianeti , Kakheti ( Georgia ), Azerbaijan |
|
| River system | Kura | |
| Drain over | Kura → Caspian Sea | |
| Headwaters |
Kakheti Mountains ( Greater Caucasus ) 42 ° 20 ′ 40 ″ N , 45 ° 14 ′ 36 ″ E |
|
| Source height | approx. 2700 m | |
| muzzle |
Mingəçevir Reservoir Coordinates: 41 ° 2 ′ 3 " N , 46 ° 30 ′ 11" E 41 ° 2 ′ 3 " N , 46 ° 30 ′ 11" E |
|
| Mouth height | 83 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 2617 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 8.2 ‰ | |
| length | 320 km | |
| Catchment area | 4650 km² | |
| Discharge at the Salahlı gauge Location: 43 km above the mouth |
MQ |
11.6 m³ / s |
| Outflow at the Yusifli gauge |
MQ |
9.82 m³ / s |
| Reservoirs flowed through | Sioni dam, Dalimta dam | |
| Small towns | Tianeti , Sioni , Sagaredscho | |
| Communities | Sartichala | |
| Navigable | not navigable | |
| Discharge of water to Lake Tbilisi | ||
 Iori at Sartichala |
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The Iori ( Georgian იორი ; Azerbaijani Qabırrıçay , also Qabırlı or Gabirry ) is a 320 kilometers long left tributary of the Kura in eastern Georgia and western Azerbaijan . In ancient times the river was known as Cambyses .
course
The Iori rises at about 2700 m on the western flank of the 3000 m high Kakheti mountain range , a tributary of the Greater Caucasus . The source is located in the northeast of the Mtskheta-Mtianeti region, about 80 kilometers as the crow flies north-northeast of the Georgian capital Tbilisi .
It initially flows in a south-westerly direction, turns south near the small town of Tianeti, and then gradually turns south-east. The Iori maintains this general direction of flow up to its mouth. Below Tianeti, the river is dammed at Sioni to the Sioni reservoir. Further down, it crosses a valley that narrows again until it reaches the Kakheti region and the Samgori basin west of Sagaredscho . A little above, near the village of Paldo, there is a dam ( ⊙ ) on the Iori. There, more than half of the river water is channeled through a tunnel into the Samgori Canal , which runs towards Tbilisi and there feeds Lake Tbilisi , also known as the " Tbilisi Sea", east of the city.
From Sagaredscho, the river cuts through the low mountain range , sparsely populated landscape of the Iori highlands . It mostly meanders strongly. South of Dedopliszqaro , the Iori reaches the border with Azerbaijan, which it follows for a few kilometers before flowing for several dozen kilometers entirely on the territory of the Azerbaijani Samux Rayon to its confluence in the northwestern part of the Mingəçevir reservoir of the Kura . Before the reservoir was created in the 1950s, the Iori flowed from the right into the lower reaches of the Kura tributary, Alasani, which ran further to the east .
Hydrology
The catchment area of the river covers 4650 km², according to other information 5225 km², of which 4650 km², corresponding to 88.4% in Georgia.
The mean annual discharge on the middle reaches 18.4 m³ / s, but increases to 11.6 m³ / s in the lower reaches, among other things because of the water abstraction for agricultural purposes and for drinking and service water supply (at the Salahlı gauge 43 km above the estuary) and further down to 9.82 m³ / s at Yusifli. Floods after the snowmelt in the mountains lead the river in May to June; In the summer months there are several shorter flood periods each year due to precipitation.
Use and infrastructure
The Iori is not navigable.
The Sioni Reservoir, completed in 1952, is located on the river with an 85 meter high dam , 325 million m³ capacity and a small hydroelectric power station with an output of 9 megawatts . The reservoir is primarily used to supply water. In particular on the middle reaches almost 100,000 hectares of agricultural land are irrigated with the water of the Iori . At the middle course near the Azerbaijani border, the Dalimta reservoir with a capacity of 180 million m³ was built on the river in the 1980s.
At the middle course near Sartitschala above Sagaredscho, the S5 highway from Tbilisi to Lagodechi and the railway line from Tbilisi to Telavi cross the river.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Soviet General Staff Map 1: 50,000. Sheet K-38-55-W
- ↑ Soviet General Staff Map 1: 50,000. Sheet M-38-105-W
- ↑ a b c d e f Article Iori in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b Slovar ʹ sovremennych geografičeskich nazvanij . U-Faktorija, Yekaterinburg 2006 (Russian, article Иори in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian) ).
- ↑ a b c UNECE (ed.): Our Waters: Joining Hands Across Borders. First Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Groundwaters . New York, Geneva 2007, pp. 100–101 (English, also in Russian).