István Bethlen (politician)

István Bethlen (1930)

Count István Bethlen von Bethlen [ ˈiʃtvaːn ˈbɛtlɛn ] (* October 8, 1874 Gernyeszeg , Transylvania , Austria-Hungary ; † October 5, 1946 ? In or near Moscow ) was a Hungarian politician and from 1921 to 1931 Hungarian Prime Minister.

Life

Count István Bethlen came from an old noble family from Transylvania . In the undemocratic elections in 1901 in the Hungarian half of the empire, he was elected as a liberal in the Hungarian Reichstag . After the collapse of Austria-Hungary in 1918, he fought against the Hungarian Soviet Republic and became a close advisor to Miklós Horthy . Reichsverweser Horthy appointed him Prime Minister in 1921. He held this office until 1931.

Based on the Unity Party founded in 1922, Bethlen ruled authoritarian. He tried to consolidate Hungary's economy. Through an alliance with Italy concluded in 1927 , he was able to create a counterbalance against the Little Entente and break through the isolation of Hungary that occurred after 1918. After the German occupation of Hungary in May 1944, Bethlen went underground, but the Red Army captured him in 1945 and took him to Moscow, where he is believed to have died. A memorial plaque was put up for him on the Kerepesi temető .

literature

Franz Sz. Horváth: Bethlen, István , in: Handbuch des Antisemitismus , Volume 2/1, 2009, p. 77f.
Edgar von Schmidt-Pauli : Count Stefan Bethlen; a section of Hungarian history , Berlin, R. Hobbing, 1931
Thomas Lorman: Counter-revolutionary Hungary, 1920–1925: István Bethlen and the politics of consolidation , New York: Columbia University Press, 2006

Web links

Commons : István Bethlen - collection of images, videos and audio files

Literature by and about István Bethlen in the catalog of the German National Library
Newspaper article about István Bethlen in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .

Individual evidence

^ Gianluca Volpi: Roma sul Danubio. La politica italiana verso l'Europa danubiana osservata dagli ungheresi (1921–1939) . In: Maddalena Guiotto, Wolfgang Wohnout (ed.): Italy and Austria in Central Europe in the interwar period / Italia e Austria nella Mitteleuropa tra le due guerre mondiali . Böhlau, Vienna 2018, ISBN 978-3-205-20269-1 , p. 124 .

personal data
SURNAME	Bethlen, Istvan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Bethlen, Count István Bethlen of
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Hungarian politician, Prime Minister (1921–1931)
DATE OF BIRTH	October 8, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH	Geresznye
DATE OF DEATH	around October 5, 1946
Place of death	Moscow

[1] Gianluca Volpi: Roma sul Danubio. La politica italiana verso l'Europa danubiana osservata dagli ungheresi (1921–1939) . In: Maddalena Guiotto, Wolfgang Wohnout (ed.): Italy and Austria in Central Europe in the interwar period / Italia e Austria nella Mitteleuropa tra le due guerre mondiali . Böhlau, Vienna 2018, ISBN 978-3-205-20269-1 , p. 124 .