Iwonicz
| Iwonicz | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Subcarpathian | ||
| Powiat : | Krośnieński | ||
| Gmina : | Iwonicz-Zdrój | ||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 36 ' N , 21 ° 48' E | ||
| Height : | 304 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 4355 (2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 38-440 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 13 | ||
| License plate : | RKR | ||
Iwonicz is a village with a Schulzenamt of the municipality Iwonicz-Zdrój in the Powiat Krośnieński of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship in Poland .
geography
The place is located in the Sanok lowland below the Ispak hill (482 m) in the Lower Beskids . The neighboring towns are Miejsce Piastowe and Targowiska in the north, Klimkówka in the east, Iwonicz-Zdrój in the south, Lubatówka in the southwest and Rogi in the west.
history
A settlement probably already existed in the 12th century, when the area belonged to the Principality of Halitsch . From 1344 it was in the Sanok region of the Ruthenian Voivodeship of the Kingdom of Poland . The first written mention comes from the year 1427 as Ywanczepole. The derivative Iwańcze (derived from the original owner Iwo (n) or Iwan ) was Ruthenian and the term Pole (literally -feld) indicated depopulated desolations in the 15th century. The document also mentioned a clearing in Cornslag , now Cerflak , probably of German origin. The village of Ywancze was transferred to German law in 1447. The settlement of so-called forest Germans is proven for the year 1492. The document for the division of the village in 1492 mentions mostly German surnames. With the two neighboring places Klimkówka and Przedmieście (Posada or German suburb ) near Rymanów , it formed a language island. This was connected to the larger German- speaking island around Krosno , although there were Slavic villages in between.
In the 16th century to 1634, Arianism was introduced in the local Catholic Church . This radical current of the Reformation rejects the Trinity ( Polish Brothers ). In 1599 the landlord Jakub Sienieński built an Arian prayer house, which served as a granary from the later 18th century.
In 1624 the Tatars invaded the area.
The village initially belonged to the aristocratic republic of Poland-Lithuania , the Ruthenian Voivodeship , and the Sanok region . During the first partition of Poland in 1772, Iwonicz became part of the new Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria of the Habsburg Empire (from 1804). Since 1799, the village has belonged to the noble family Załuski , who left many traces and, among other things, built the castle. Under this family, a health resort developed in the south of the village .
From 1855 Iwonicz belonged to the Krosno district . In 1900 the community of Iwonicz had 1685 hectares, 524 houses with 2775 inhabitants, the majority of whom were Roman Catholic and Polish- speaking , 68 Jews and 7 Greek Catholics .
After the end of the First World War and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, Iwonicz came to Poland in 1918. This was only interrupted by the occupation of Poland by the Wehrmacht in World War II . On July 24, 1944, 72 residents of the vicinity of SS Galicia were killed in the neighboring village of Lubatowa , a memorial commemorates this.
The southern part of the village was administratively separated as Iwonicz-Zdrój in 1956 and made a town in 1973. From 1975 to 1998 Iwonicz was part of the Krosno Voivodeship .
Attractions
- Eclectic palace of the Załuski family (1883)
- Former Arian prayer house (1599)
- Roman Catholic wooden church (1464)
- Numerous wooden houses
traffic
Iwonicz by state highway extends DK 28 , the Zator about Novy Sącz with Przemyśl connects.
Personalities
- Antoni Kenar (1906–1959), Polish sculptor, educator, director of the State School for Wood Crafts in Zakopane.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Władysław Makarski, Stosunki etniczno-językowe regionu krośnieńsko sanockiego przed połową wieku XIV w świetle danych onomastycznych [Ethnic and Linguistic Relation in the Krosno and Sanok Region Before the Mid-14th Century in the Light of the Light Karpatach polskich. red. Prof. Jan Gancarski. Krosno, 2007, p. 53, ISBN 978-83-60545-57-7
- ↑ Józef Garbacik. Krosno: studia z dziejów miasta i regionu , Vol. 2, 1972 p. 393
- ↑ a b c Wojciech Krukar, Tadeusz Andrzej Olszański, Paweł Luboński and others: Beskid Niski. Przewodnik dla prawdziwego turysty . Oficyna Wydawnicza "Rewasz", Pruszków 2008, ISBN 978-83-62460-24-3 , p. 304 (Polish).
- ↑ Wojciech Blajer: Comments on the state of research on the enclaves of medieval German settlement between Wisłoka and San. In: Późne średniowiecze w Karpatach polskich. red. Jan Gancarski. Krosno 2007, ISBN 978-83-60545-57-7 , p. 83.
- ↑ Ludwig Patryn (Ed.): Community encyclopedia of the kingdoms and countries represented in the Reichsrat, edited on the basis of the results of the census of December 31, 1900, XII. Galicia . Vienna 1907 ( online ).
Web links
- Iwonicz . In: Filip Sulimierski, Władysław Walewski (eds.): Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich . tape 3 : Haag – Kępy . Sulimierskiego and Walewskiego, Warsaw 1882, p. 326 (Polish, edu.pl ).