Josef Andergassen

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Josef Andergassen (born August 4, 1861 in Schwaz , Austrian Empire , † August 3, 1929 in Innsbruck , Republic of Austria ) was an Austrian-Hungarian. Cabinet maker , altar builder and sculptor .

Josef Andergassen at the age of 20
High altar of the parish church of St. Pantaleon in Lower Austria
Heart of Mary Altar in Bolzano Cathedral
High altar of the parish church St. Nikolaus in Innsbruck (detail)
Side altar in the Church of St. Joseph in St. Michael in Appiano - St. Michele Appiano
Altar of the parish church Siebenlinden in Lower Austria

Origin and family

Josef Andergassen's father was Franz Alexander Andergassen, who was Count Enzenberg's master carpenter in Tratzberg Castle . Franz Alexander was a member of the Salva Guardia zu Schwaz and descended from the Marcus line of the Kalterer Andergasse families , where he was born in 1829. Together with his wife Anna, geb. Rothmüller, he had eleven offspring. This family was most likely the first Andergasse family from what is now South Tyrol to settle permanently in North Tyrol during the 19th century.

Josef Andergassen's first wife was Katharina, geb. Sailer from Seefeld. She died in 1907. His second wife was Margarethe, geb. Wurnitsch from Rauris (Salzburg). She died in 1936. They had five offspring: Albert Josef (1890–1978), Maria Anna Katharina (1891–1971), Josef (1893–1960), Aloisia (1874–1915) from their first marriage, Anton Johann (1910–1972) from their second marriage. Andergassen lived in Schwaz, Hall , Kufstein and Innsbruck .

life and work

Andergassen was a well-known artisan in terms of neo-Gothic and historicism in North Tyrol. He learned the arts and crafts with the carpenters Kirchmair and Lasen in Schwaz , Wirth in Eppan and Jaitner in Girlan .
He and the sculptor Anton Dichtl opened a workshop for altar construction around 1880 in today's Bachlechnerhaus (Hall 133). Josef lived there until the time of his marriage in 1889.

With the support of the classical philologist and director of the Tyrolean glass painting and mosaic institute Dr. Albert Jele (1844–1900) Andergassen was able to establish his business independently from the time of the marriage. He opened a studio for church art altarpieces in Hall-Kugelanger (trade license from 1887).

Andergassen created the main works in collaboration with Dichtl and his then young assistant Josef Bachlechner the Elder. Ä.

Dichtl (1852–1935) came from Virgen in East Tyrol and completed an apprenticeship with the altar maker Raffeiner in Schwaz. For a few months he was an intern at the Munich Art Academy , later he learned from the sculptor Wassler in Meran. Bachlechner came from Bruneck and came across journeyman journeys to Hall, he previously attended the kk technical school for wood industry in Bozen, later he studied sculpture at the Munich art academy on the mediation of Franz von Defregger .

Hall was an artist colony towards the end of the 19th century . Not only the Vogl art institute, because of which many artists moved to Hall, but also a large number of other artists, brought enormous impetus to the art city. They all created an art-friendly microclimate in the salt city that prevailed for a long time and perhaps contributed to the fact that a number of well-known artists emerged from Hall in the 20th century.

After 1883, the sculptor Franz Egg from Nasserreith worked for some time in the altar building company Dichtl u. Andergassen. Another partner of the altar builder was his brother-in-law Eduard Sailer, who was a gilder and barrel painter in Innsbruck-Wilten and who worked for Andergassen's first son, Josef jun. completed an apprenticeship.
Several work orders came about in connection with the Tyrolean glass painting company . The architect Josef Schmid (1842–1914), who also worked for the glass painting and mosaic institute, created many designs for altars. He was the most important altar drawer of historicism in Tyrol, studied at the art academy in Munich and Cologne and then worked for a sculptor before he worked for the glass painting and mosaic institute.

Andergassen received the bronze state medal as part of the 1st Tyrolean State Exhibition in 1893 as an award for the historic heart of the Virgin Mary altar , which was made together with other artisans . This altar, and the Sacred Heart Altar made by Andergassen & Co. in 1898, are located in the nave of the Bolzano Cathedral .

Anton Dichtl's brother completed an apprenticeship as a cabinet maker with Josef Andergassen and subsequently opened a shop for cabinet making and sculpture in Virgen in East Tyrol, which existed until 1933. In 1895 Anton Dichtl fulfilled a long-awaited wish and joined the Cistercians in the Stams Monastery as lay brother Josef . Until his death in 1935 he found a large area of ​​responsibility and renovated altars and tabernacles in the monastery and in the entire Tyrolean Oberland . He played a major role in the construction and collection of the monastery museum.

From 1895 Bachlechner took over his master's studio and quarters in Hall. Josef Bachlechner bought this building, Krippgasse 3, formerly Hall 133, (Bachlechnerhaus) in 1900. The well-known sculptor and last neo-Gothic in Tyrol worked there in the workshop until his death in 1923.

Due to a change in the trade regulations, Josef Andergassen was no longer able to work independently and he had to give up his workshop on Kugelanger. Around 1903 he moved to Innsbruck and worked for the altar construction company Josef Linser and Sons in Innsbruck-Wilten (Friedhofsallee). He then worked in Elbing / Elblag in what was then West Prussia and now Poland , at G. & J. Müller, a building and cabinet maker with steam operation, "purveyors to the court of His Majesty the Emperor and King". After the death of his first wife Katharina in 1907, he moved to Kufstein and worked as an ornamenter, draftsman and wood carver in Josef Kerschbauer's handicraft workshop. There he married his second wife Margarethe in 1909 and a third son was born.
Back in Innsbruck he worked in the construction office of the Grand Hotel Europa.

As a result, he took up a job at the Vogl Art Institute in Hall am Stadtgraben, where he was employed as a sculpture works guide. From 1921 to 1924 Andergassen lived again in Hall at Oberen Stadtplatz 2 in the Rosenhaus.

The Vogl Art Institute was founded in 1888 by Adolf Vogl (1850–1924) based on the Val Gardena wood carving workshops. It specialized in the artistic decoration of churches. The art establishment was very successful and employed up to 20 carvers. Father Johann Maria Reiter, who worked at the Haller Gymnasium, often provided the designs for the church furnishings in the Nazarene style . A number of Ladin artists moved to Hall and worked in the Kunstanstalt: Paul Costa (1863-1919), his son Bruno Costa also became a sculptor, Andreas Crepaz (1877-1963), Johann Colliselli (1880-1961), Peter Pizzini (1873 -1964). Vogl died in 1924, the art institute existed until 1933, due to the economic crisis it had to file for bankruptcy. Other sculptors from the Hall artist colony were Peter Sellemond , the sculptor Anton Harb and later the sculptor Franz Viertl (1910–1966).

From 1924 Josef Andergassens lived in Ferdinand Weyrerstrasse in Innsbruck-Mühlau. Until the end of his life he worked at the Vogl Art Institute. The last written certificate for one of his works was issued in 1924 in Raron , Canton Valais (Switzerland).
His best-known work in North Tyrol is the high altar in the Innsbruck parish church of St. Nikolaus , which he made in 1891 based on a design by Friedrich von Schmidt . The parish church of St. Nikolaus is the most important neo-Gothic building in Tyrol.
Josef Andergassen had been an honorary member of the Catholic journeyman's association in Hall and holder of the medal of honor from the Austro-Hungarian Trade Ministry in Vienna.

Altars and fittings

literature

  • Amann, Gert (arrangement): Dehio Tirol, Vienna 1980
  • Amann, Gert (arrangement): Dehio Vorarlberg, Vienna 1983
  • Bachlechner, Wendelin: The new Bachlechner book, Absam 1993
  • Benesch, Evelyn: Dehio Niederösterreich, Vienna 1990
  • Hölzl Stifter, Maria: Altar building of historicism in South Tyrol. Church art 1840–1930. Bolzano: Athesia, 2012 ISBN 978-88-8266-874-7
  • Riedmann, Nadja Sabine: The sacred art monuments Innsbruck (Austrian art topography, 52), Vienna 1995
  • Weingartner, Josef: The churches of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 1921
  • Weingartner, Josef: The art monuments of South Tyrol (Vol. 1–4), Vienna 1923–30
  • Zotti, Wilhelm (Ed.): Church art in Lower Austria, Diocese of St. Pölten, Volume 2, St. Pölten 1986

Sources and web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ biographical information from the estate of Josef Andergassen in the Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck
  2. ↑ Certificates in the estate of Andergassen in the Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck
  3. ^ Obituary by Anton Dichtl, Innsbrucker Zeitung No. 49, February 27, 1935, p. 4
  4. ↑ Traubuch Hall in Tirol, marriage between Josef Andergassen and Katharina Sailer on October 21, 1889
  5. ↑ Letter from Dr. Jele to Josef Andergassen dated July 2, 1889, Josef Andergassen estate, Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck
  6. ^ Obituary by Anton Dichtl, Innsbrucker Zeitung No. 49, February 27, 1935, p. 3ff.
  7. ↑ Bachlechner, Wendelin: The new Bachlechner book, Absam 1993, p. 15ff
  8. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hallmultimedial.at
  9. ^ Mayer Matthias: The life and work of the sculptor Franz Egg, in: Tiroler Heimatblätter, Heft 12, 1936, p. 383
  10. ↑ Jordan, Johann: Architekt Josef Schmid, in: Der Kunstfreund, 30.Jg., Heft 8/9, Innsbruck 1914
  11. ^ Leisching, Eduard: The Tyrolean State Exhibition in Innsbruck, in: Mittheilungen Des KK Oesterreichisch. Museum of Art and Industry. Monthly for Applied Arts, Volume 8, No. 93 (336)., Vienna, September 1893, p. 445ff.
  12. ^ Obituary by Anton Dichtl, Innsbrucker Zeitung No. 49, February 27, 1935, p. 3ff
  13. ^ Obituary by Anton Dichtl, Innsbrucker Zeitung No. 49, February 27, 1935, p. 3ff
  14. ↑ Bachlechner, Wendelin: The new Bachlechner book, Absam 1993, p. 28ff
  15. ↑ Information from the Andergassen estate in the Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck
  16. ^ Registration form in the archive of the Hall registration office: he lived from June 14, 1921 to November 13, 1924 in house No. 139 (Rosenhaus)
  17. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from February 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hallmultimedial.at
  18. ↑ Cat. Of the art institute for church work by Adolf Vogl in Hall b. Innsbruck, Tyrol, no year, Tyrolean State Museum Ferdinandeum Innsbruck FB15675
  19. ↑ "Anton Harb, Sculptor, Hall iT, Untere Fassergasse 297 is recommended for church and profane sculptural work as well as for the professional addition of antiques." not known)
  20. ↑ http://www.tulfes.tirol.gv.at/gemeindeamt/download/221277057_1.pdf , p. 6
  21. ↑ Information from the Andergassen estate in the Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck
  22. ^ Association for Church Art and Trade in Tyrol and Vorarlberg [Hrsg.]: Der Kunstfreund, XX. Vol., No. 11, new series. Innsbruck: Marianische Vereinbuchhandlung und Buchdruckerei, 1904, pp. 140f.
personal data
SURNAME Andergassen, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian cabinet maker, altar builder and sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH 4th August 1861
PLACE OF BIRTH black
DATE OF DEATH August 3, 1929
Place of death innsbruck