Julius Malema

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Julius Malema in September 2011

Julius Sello "Juju" Malema (born March 3, 1981 in Seshego , today Limpopo Province ) is a South African politician of the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF). In the parliamentary elections in South Africa in 2014 , he was the top candidate of the EFF he founded, which became the third largest party. Previously, he was President of the ANC Youth League (ANCYL) from 2008 until he was expelled from the party in April 2012 .

Malema is known for his left-wing populist speeches and often presents himself as an advocate for the underprivileged, especially the unemployed black population. He accuses the ANC top of corruption and is known for his repeated racist attacks against whites.

Youth and education

Malema grew up in what is now Limpopo Province as the son of a single domestic worker. He joined the ANC's Mashupatsela pioneering group at the age of nine or ten, and his first job was to tear down election posters for the National Party . Malema's school education was irregular. At 13 he received military training in which he learned how to use firearms and Molotov cocktails . In 2011 he began studying communication science and African languages at the University of South Africa , which he completed in 2016 with a Bachelor of Arts degree.

Political career

Chair of ANCYL

Malema began his political career in 1995 as regional chairman of the ANC Youth League and in 1997 he was elected chairman of the Congress of South African Students of Limpopo Province. Because of his rhetorical skills, his energetic manner and his self-confidence - he describes himself as a "black diamond" - he rose quickly and was elected national president of the association in 2001. Between 2008 and 2012 he was President of the ANC Youth League . In his election, there should have been irregularities that split the League into three camps. The final result had to be decided by Kgalema Motlanthe , who decided for Malema.

Shoot the boer

In March 2010, Malema publicly agreed the song Shoot the Boer ("Shoot the Boers"), which is illegal and illegal in South Africa. His sometimes radical remarks and the singing of the hate song are associated with the murder of Eugène Terre'Blanche .

During a visit to Zimbabwe in early April 2010, Malema called the head of government and dictator Robert Mugabe a visionary and advocated expropriation. On this occasion he agreed to Shoot the Boer again . These and other controversial statements earned Malema the terms “ demagogue ” and “revolver snout”, but also the sympathy of the Youth League and of South African youth.

In June 2018, when asked if he was involved in organizing murders of white farmers, he received an undefined response with "Maybe, maybe not".

Relationship with Jacob Zuma

Malema long enjoyed the benevolence of Jacob Zuma , whom he called his friend, and whom he said would kill for him. Zuma disapproved of Malema's language internally, but did not officially reprimand him because he needed him in the power struggle with Thabo Mbeki . In 2010 the relationship between Zuma and Malema worsened and has been shattered since mid-2011 after Malema accused Zuma of poor leadership and ingratiation to Western imperialists . With the establishment of the disciplinary committee in November 2011, Zuma finally broke away from his former protégé.

Since he founded the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), he has also accused President Zuma and the ANC leadership of massive corruption and rules out any participation in government.

Relationship with the press

In an interview on SABC on March 12, 2011, Malema said the press needs to be directed because it destroys democracy and does not have any respect for anyone but the leader of the Democratic Alliance (DA), Helen Zille . Malema regularly attacks the chairwoman of the DA through the press. He insinuated that she was using old apartheid tactics and called her a racist, colonialist and imperialist.

Malema attacked the press as early as 2010. After reporting Malema's financial conduct and high income to City Press in March 2010, journalist Dumisane Lubisi threatened him and other newspaper workers with disclosing details about their personal lives, accusing them of having sex with politicians for their own sake Get stories. Floyd Shivambu, spokesman for the ANC, declined to apologize because it was the truth. Subsequently, the press ombudsman received several complaints from the League about journalists who, in turn, complained about the ANC's suppression of press freedom .

In April 2010 during the visit to Zimbabwe, Malema insulted the BBC journalist Jonah Fisher as a “bastard” and “damned agent” after a press conference and accused him of tendentious reporting in favor of whites . In addition, he scoffed at Mugabe's political opponents, even though South Africa officially has a neutral stance on Zimbabwe. The ANC then launched an internal disciplinary investigation. Speaking at the Newsmaker of the Year award ceremony in Pretoria in March 2012, Malema apologized to Fisher and said he would die to defend the rights of the white minority.

In the context of calls for a boycott by the ANC and the South African Communist Party (SACP) against the City Press for publishing a painting of Jacob Zuma with his pants open and his genitals hanging out, Malema spoke out firmly against a boycott. He pointed out that he himself had been reviled and misrepresented by the newspaper, but that it was important to protect plurality of opinions and to keep buying the newspaper; he himself wanted to buy two copies of the edition containing the picture in order to defend the true values ​​of the ANC - peace and freedom.

Disciplinary proceedings

In November 2011, as a result of new disciplinary proceedings from the ANC, Malema was suspended for five years for partisan behavior. The National Executive Committee of the Youth League rejected the allegations against Malema in a press release, called the sanction unfounded and unjustified and announced that it would go before the Appeals Committee. Malema received support from Moeletsi Mbeki , the brother of Zuma's rival candidate Thabo Mbeki.

In connection with the disciplinary proceedings, allegations were made that Malema had rewritten the ANCYL constitution after saying at a press conference that the ANC's Disciplinary Committee had referred to an old version. According to the version Malema was referring to, the ANCYL Disciplinary Committee was responsible for a procedure within the Youth League . Members of the ANCYL leadership said they were unaware of this addition.

At the end of December 2011 he was re-elected to the ANCYL National Committee and continued to serve as President. At the same time, he threatened Zuma with a power struggle and called him shower head man in reference to the rape allegations of 2005 .

Exclusion from party

In early February 2012, Malema's appeal was dismissed. After Malema spoke out in favor of overthrowing the government of neighboring Botswana , he was finally expelled from the ANC on February 29, 2012. The reason given was a lack of remorse for “shameful behavior”.

An appeal was filed against this decision within a period of two weeks. Malema himself vowed never to leave the ANC despite the expulsion. In a press conference on March 5, 2012, a spokesman for the ANCYL announced that Malema would appeal against the expulsion, as the sanction was not only “unfair” but also against the “true values ​​of the ANC”. The ANCYL continues to lead him as president. In an interview on SABC on the evening of March 11, 2012, Malema asked to be allowed to stay at the ANC because he loved the party and had nothing else. On March 14, 2012, he officially appealed to the Appeal Committee (NDCA). At an event in Khayelitsha on March 16, 2012, at which Malema said that the ANCYL had been condemned without discussion and treated like a leper , there was an uproar when members of the ANC protested against Malema with signs.

On March 25, 2012, Malema announced that it would take legal action against the expulsion if it persisted and said he had no regrets for what he did. At an event at the Witwatersrand University on March 30, 2012, Malema attacked Jacob Zuma sharply, accusing him of traumatizing the ANC , suppressing ideas and criticism and replacing democracy with a dictatorship . Jackson Mthembu, spokesman for the ANC, denied the allegations, calling them disrespectful and devoid of any truthfulness; Malema is in the eyes of the party in a hopeless situation with such insults. The veterans' association of Umkhonto we Sizwe issued a statement calling for Malema to be expelled for good because he had attacked not only the president but the entire ANC. The ANC's national executive committee said the attacks were inappropriateness, shockingly harsh, and aimed at dividing the party and creating disagreement within the party leadership. The top management was demonstratively loyal and united at a press conference.

On April 4, 2012, the ANC's Disciplinary Committee (NDC) announced that Malema's party membership was suspended with immediate effect and that he would face further disciplinary action. Regardless of this, the hearing on his exclusion will take place before the appeal committee on April 12, 2012. The committee stressed that he was not allowed to speak at any party event, comment on the ANC and no longer exercise his office as president. Through his lawyers , Malema had a letter written to the Disciplinary Committee demanding the immediate lifting of the suspension and threatening a lawsuit . The NDC replied to the letter within the specified period, but did not want to provide any information about the content. In a press release, ANCYL announced that Malema, in his capacity as president, would visit a church in Butterworth on Good Friday and attend and speak at an event to commemorate Solomon Kalushi Mahlangu . In his speech, Malema did not comment on either the ANCYL or the ANC, but emphasized his right to speak freely and his will to do so. When asked, he said that he felt he was being treated too harshly and asked the congregation and the bishop to pray for him in a situation where friends had become enemies and were planning “our death”. In an extraordinary meeting of the NEC, Malema was confirmed as president, who is to continue to exercise his office. Due to the autonomy of the ANCYL, he was elected and could only be voted out by the national congress of the league itself. Talks with the ANC leadership were also announced. In an initial response, an ANC spokesman said efforts would be made to persuade the ANCYL not to further undermine the party's constitution.

On April 24, 2012, the Appeals Committee rejected Malema's objection, effectively expelling him from the ANC with immediate effect. The provincial committees of Limpopo and the Eastern Cape emphasized that they continued to support him and see him as the rightful president. Together with Malema, General Secretary Magaqa and Spokesman Shivambu were expelled from the ANC for three years. The names of Malema and Magaqa have been removed from the ANCYL homepage, they were reinserted on May 2, 2012; In a press release, the youth league said that the website had been faked and that the whole league was united behind the NEC. The incumbent President Lamola emphasized in an interview that nothing has changed and that Malema is still the President of ANCYL. If the executive committee of the ANC does not reverse the expulsion, the fight will continue at the Mangaung conference in December 2012.

A group called Friends of the Youth League (FYL), which has 600 members, was set up to support Malema during the disciplinary process . The provincial committees partly signaled their support, partly they distanced themselves from it. At a group meeting in Mthatha , Malema accused the ANC of treating him like a condom and toilet paper that would be thrown away after use. An audience with the king of Thembu , a tribe of the Xhosa , was denied by armed guards due to the political climate. After a meeting of the NEC on May 4 and 5, 2012 in Johannesburg , the ANCYL stated that they would continue to support Malema as president and that the results of the disciplinary committees at the ANC conference in Mangaung in December 2012 would be questioned. At his first press conference after the expulsion, Malema said he was always loyal to the ANC and would never found his own party. Regarding his criticism of Zuma, he pointed out that it was a criticism of the leadership style and not of the person; he has analyzed the leadership styles of the ANC since 1912 and never called an individual a dictator.

Malema also said it was his will and intention to lead the ANC one day. After Zuma had influenced the NEC of the ANC not to overturn Malema's expulsion from the party, Malema called the committee, and Zuma in particular, corrupt and called on his supporters to deny him recognition. In an interview he announced that he would join the ANC as a new member after the conference in December. In his book A Political Biography , Motlanthe criticized the handling of Malema and his exclusion from the party.

Corruption charges

The FAS reported that Malema was suspected of corruption, based on the fact that he was involved in companies to which he had repeatedly assigned public construction projects. He had 53 million so within two years Rand earned. On the basis of this initial suspicion, Malema is being investigated for corruption and tax evasion by the tax and financial authorities ( South African Revenue Service SARS) as well as by the public prosecutor's office and the police. Among other things, it should be determined how and by whom around three million rand came into his account each year. At the end of April 2012, SARS requested R10 million from Malema for its deposits in the Ratanang Family Trust . In May, the tax back payment was estimated at 15 million rand, in addition to 3 million rand tax debts of the trust owned company On-Point Engineers . Malema said this did not cause him sleepless nights, he was not bankrupt but very generous, and refused to answer any further questions as it was his private matter and none of the public's concerns. At the same time, the former Malema economic advisor, Lesiba Gwangwa, sued SARS to suspend further investigations, particularly into financial and business relationships. The SARS extended the investigation to other allies of Malema. The Limpopo Provincial Committee urged SARS to stay out of political battles and complained about the agency's information leaks.

At the beginning of September 2012, Malema received the preliminary report from the national ombudswoman Thuli Madonsela on the corruption allegations. In a subsequent interview, he spoke of an imminent arrest, which he would not evade, and described it as "political machinations" because of his comments on the miners' strike. Floyd Shivambu warned of mass youth protests that could be violent if Malema was arrested. On September 20, 2012, a colonel from the Hawks Police Department announced that a warrant had been issued for Malema on charges of fraud, theft and corruption. A lawyer from Malema promised that he would appear in court and denied the detention as she had no warrant. The former general secretary and member of the Friends of the Youth League , Magaqa, said in an interview that the arrest warrant was politically motivated and would not remain without consequences, as the youth stand behind Malema and would defend him. The Democratic Alliance welcomed the arrest warrant in a press release; It also said that the South African public was fed up with politicians diverting public funds into their own pockets.

The SARS announced that Malema had tax debts amounting to 16 million rand according to a court order, at the same time the application for an arrest warrant was denied by the tax authorities . On September 26, 2012, Malema appeared before the Polokwane Provincial Court , where hundreds of supporters demonstrated against the charges. He was released on bail of R 10,000. After the trial, he told his followers that the charges were not serious, only money laundering charges ; This was contradicted by a representative of the Federal Public Prosecutor's Office, since if convicted he could face up to 30 years in prison. The SACP and the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) distanced themselves from Malema and demanded that he should now feel the full power of the law. In addition, the support he has received is waning, his following is made up of rented and misinformed young people, said Gilbert Kganyago, provincial spokesman for the SACP. After Malema failed to pay his tax debts, bailiffs in Polokwane, Sandown and Johannesburg executed a title against him on October 6, 2012 and seized parts of his property as security.

On October 10, 2012, the 174-page report of the national ombudswoman was published. The investigation focused on the relationships between Malema, the Ratanang Family Trust , On Point Engineering and the Limpopo Provincial Government. The report found that fraud, mismanagement and bribery had occurred in the On Point environment and benefited the Trustees of the Ratanang Trust ; Julius Malema was named as the only de facto trustee. Malema accused the ombudswoman of convicting him in absentia and of trying to take everything away from him without a judgment.

Miners strike 2012

Malema supported the miners during the South African miners' strike . After 34 miners were killed and 78 injured in a skirmish between police and workers on August 16, 2012, he was the first to travel to Marikana and sharply criticized the police and the government. Among other things, he called for Zuma and Police Minister Nathi Mthethwa to support the miners' demands or to resign. Two days later, Malema filed a complaint against the police for murder. At the end of August 2012, he intensified criticism of Lonmin and Cyril Ramaphosa , one of the company's board members and former union leader; Malema was seen as the only supporter of their demands by the miners and their families. On September 11, 2012, he called the miners on a five-day nationwide strike and re- sang the song Kill the boer ; he called the strike a "serious revolution". Some of the striking workers at the gold mine held up posters reading "President Juju" and "100% Juju".

Malema's populist appearance was interpreted by two “ANCYL insiders” as well as by the President of COSATU as a destabilization campaign against the ANC and especially Zuma; Malema is said to be the front man , the Zimbabwe African National Union was suspected to be the driving force . Zuma himself criticized Malema in a speech in the National Assembly , spoke of "unacceptable activities" and denied complicity in the development of Malema. After Malema was stopped by the police from addressing the miners on September 18, 2012, he said at a press conference that Zuma was using his henchmen to isolate him; indirectly he also accused Zuma of trying to kill him. He stepped up his calls to resign against Zuma, Justice Minister Jeff Radebe and Police Minister Mthethwa, whom he called "compromised" because of their "militarized" policies. He also accused Zuma of pure dictatorship and intolerance and called on him to resign at the Mangaung conference in December 2012. On October 11, 2012, it became known that the police had started a preliminary investigation against Malema for violating the peace ; he denied having incited the miners, instead he carried out a "political analysis".

Party formation

On July 11, 2013, Malema founded the "protest movement" Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF). He has been Commander-in-Chief since then . The party is supposed to act as an advocate for the underprivileged, especially the black unemployed. In the 2014 election campaign, she ruled out any cooperation with the majority party ANC. The EFF received 6.35% of the vote in the elections and thus 25 of the 400 seats in the National Assembly . It became the official opposition party in two provinces .

In parliament, the EFF stands out under Malema with uniform red clothing and aggressive rhetoric. Malema has been described by cartoonist Jonathan Shapiro as "revolutionary, fascist and democratic" at the same time . In April 2016, Malema declared that he wanted to overthrow the government under Jacob Zuma by force of arms. The ANC then stated that it wanted to report Malema and spoke of treason .

In June 2016, Malema urged its supporters to occupy white farmers' land in breach of the 1956 Riotous Assemblies Act .

Web links

Individual evidence

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  2. ↑ Julius Malema - incendiary speaker and populist . Wiener Zeitung, May 6, 2014
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  6. ^ Julius Malema, the born activist
  7. ^ Julius Malema Graduates with BA Degree from UNISA
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  81. ↑ Malema warrant 'politically motivated' . In: IOL News of September 22, 2012, accessed on September 22, 2012 (English).
  82. ↑ DA welcomes Malema arrest warrant ( memento of September 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive ). DA press release from wq. September 2012, accessed September 24, 2012.
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  85. ↑ Warren Mabona: Malema faces up to 30yrs ( Memento from April 21, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ). In: The New Age of September 28, 2012, accessed September 29, 2012.
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  87. ↑ Sheriff attaches Malema's assets . In: Independent Online of October 7, 2012, accessed October 7, 2012.
  88. ↑ Report of the Public Protector on an investigation into allegations of impropriety and corrupt practices relating to the awarding of contracts for goods and services by the Limpopo Department of Roads and Transport ( Memento of October 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (pdf; 2, 1 MB), accessed on October 11, 2012 (English).
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  92. ↑ Claudia Böll: The strike of tough men . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of August 28, 2012, accessed on September 9, 2012.
  93. ↑ Malema calls on South Africa's miners to go on strike across the country . In: Die Welt vom 11 September 2012, accessed on 11 September 2012.
  94. ↑ Malema: miners must strike each month  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as broken. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: AFP of September 11, 2012, accessed on September 11, 2012.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / africa.afpmobile.com  
  95. ↑ Andisiwe Makinana, Lisa Steyn, Rapule Tabane Lynley Donnelly: Mangaung massacre: Conditions ripe for revolution . In: Mail & Guardian of September 14, 2012, accessed on May 4, 2016.
  96. ↑ Gaye Davis and Babalo Ndenze: Zuma: 'Frankenstein' Malema not my fault . In: Independent Online (South Africa) of September 14, 2012, accessed on September 14, 2012 (English).
  97. ↑ Miranda Andrew: Malema: My life is in danger . In: Mail & Guardian of September 18, 2012, accessed on September 19, 2012 (English).
  98. ↑ Glynnis Underhill: Police probing public violence charge against Malema . In: Mail & Guardian of October 11, 2012, accessed on October 11, 2012.
  99. ↑ EFF will be new ruling party - Malema. iol.co.za on July 13, 2013, accessed July 14, 2013
  100. ↑ Zapiro pokes fun at the many faces of Julius Malema in latest cartoon. timeslive.co.za, May 4, 2016, accessed May 4, 2016
  101. ↑ ANC to sue Julius Malema over call to violence. aljazeera.com of April 26, 2016 (English), accessed May 4, 2016
  102. ^ South Africa's Julius Malema challenges apartheid-era law. bbc.com of November 7, 2016 (English), accessed November 8, 2016
personal data
SURNAME Malema, Julius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Malema, Julius Sello (full name); Juju
BRIEF DESCRIPTION South African politician
DATE OF BIRTH March 3, 1981
PLACE OF BIRTH Seshego , Limpopo Province