kuk hussar regiment "Wilhelm Crown Prince of the German Empire and Crown Prince of Prussia" No. 13

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The last owner of the regiment, Crown Prince Wilhelm

The hussar regiment "Wilhelm Crown Prince of the German Empire and Crown Prince of Prussia" No. 13 was a cavalry association of the kk or joint army within the Austro-Hungarian land forces .

Coat of arms of the KuK Jazygier-Kumanier Hussar Regiment No. 13 in 1917

Status and association membership 1914

IV Army Corps - 10th Cavalry Troop Division - 4th Cavalry Brigade
Nationalities: 97% Magyars - 3% others
Uniform: dark blue capka cover and Attila, white olives
Garrison : Staff, II. Div: Székesfehérvár - I Div: Tolna
Commander: Colonel Stephan Horthy de Nagy-Bánya
Regimental language: Hungarian

Establishment

On September 10, 1859, during the campaign against Sardinia-Piedmont , it was originally set up as a Jazygier and Kumanian volunteer hussar regiment only for the duration of the war. Later it was expanded to the strength of 2 divisions through the incorporation of the Kecskeméter and Arader volunteer hussar divisions as the 13th volunteer hussar regiment . The designation as "Jazygier and Kumanier Volunteer Hussar Regiment No. 13" remained.

  • Reorganized in 1861 as "Jazygier und Kumanier Volunteer Hussar Regiment No. 1". The hussar regiments No. 5 , No. 8 , No. 9 and No. 12 each delivered a division for this purpose.
  • In 1862 it was converted into a regular hussar regiment with No. 13

All honorary names of the regiments were deleted without replacement in 1915. From then on the regiment was only to be called "Hussar Regiment No. 13". (However, this could not be implemented in practice, on the one hand because no one adhered to it, on the other hand because the very thrifty Austro-Hungarian military administration had ordered that all remaining forms and stamps be used up first!)

additions

Peace garrisons

Regimental owner

Campaigns and fighting

First Silesian War

  • The regiment fought in Silesia throughout the war

Second Silesian War

  • In 1744 the regiment was called up, but released again at the end of 1745

Seven Years War

  • In 1757 the contingent took place again. According to the instructions of Empress Maria Theresa , the regiment - although it came from the insurrection - was on an equal footing with the regular regiments in terms of rank, benefits and pay during its service
  • In 1775 the regiment was released again
Attack by the 13th Hussar Regiment during the Battle of Solferino , 1859.

Sardinian war

German war

  • 1866: fighting in Italy . Four squadrons in association with the 10th Military Police - Battalion were to guard the lower Po parked and formed during the subsequent retreat of the southern army up the rear. A squadron was alternately with the crews from Peschiera del Garda and Legnano

First World War

During the First World War, the hussars were exposed to a wide variety of uses. At first they fought as cavalry in the regimental unit, but were also used as infantry in all theaters of war. It is currently unknown whether the regiment was deployed as a unit or as a split division cavalry . The status as a cavalry regiment existed until the end of the war.

After the end of the war, the regiment returned from Bulgaria in an orderly manner and was demobilized in Budapest.

Uniform until 1916

structure

In the Austro-Hungarian cavalry, a regiment usually consisted of three to four (in exceptional cases more) divisions. (A division was used here to refer to a battalion-strength unit. The correct division was called an infantry or cavalry division.) Each division had three squadrons , each of which consisted of two companies . The number of riders in the individual sub-units fluctuated, but was usually around 80 riders per company.

The individual divisions were named after their formal leaders:

  • the 1st division was the colonel division
  • the 2nd division was the lieutenant colonel (lieutenant colonel) division
  • the 3rd division was the majors division
  • the 4th division was the 2nd majors division

In the course of the army reform, the cavalry regiments were reduced to two divisions from 1860 onwards.

Until 1798, the regiments were named after their respective owners (who did not also have to be the commanders). There was no binding regulation of the spelling. (e.g. Count Serbelloni regiment - or Serbelloni regiment.) With each change of ownership, the regiment concerned changed its name. After 1798, the numbered designation prevailed, which could possibly be linked to the name of the owner. Due to this constant renaming, the regimental histories of the Austro-Hungarian cavalry are very difficult to follow. In addition, there is the constant and apparently arbitrary, sometimes multiple reclassification of the associations. (For example: Kuk Bohemian Dragoon Regiment "Prince of Windisch-Graetz" No. 14 )

Remarks

  • The Cumans , a Turkic people and the Yazygians attacked Eastern Hungary as early as 1068-1071 on their flight from the Tatars. After they were defeated by the Hungarian King Solomon, they converted to the Christian faith and settled as fortified farmers to guard the borders. The Hungarian King Ladislau IV, who ruled between 1272 and 1290, was of Cuman descent. From the beginning, these ethnic groups provided excellent horsemen for the Hungarian army.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ according to “Announcement of the Quartermaster's Department” of Army Group Command FM. Archduke Eugen / Q.Op. No. 665/15. Issued by the field post office 512

literature

  • Obstlt. Alphons Frhr. v. Wrede: History of the KuK Wehrmacht from 1618 to the end of the XIX century Vienna 1898–1905.
  • György Ságvári: The Book of the Hussars. Magyar Könyvklub, Budapest 1999.
  • Georg Schreiber : The emperor's cavalry. Austrian cavalry in 4 centuries. With a foreword by Alois Podhajsky . Speidel, Vienna 1967.
  • BM Buchmann: Austria and the Ottoman Empire. WUV-Univ.-Verl., Vienna 1999.
  • Richard Brooks: Solferino 1859, The Battle for Italy's Freedom , Osprey Publishing, Oxford UK 2009, ISBN 978-1-84603-385-8