kuk Uhlan regiment "Graf Auersperg" No. 8

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The regimental founder, Margrave Wilhelm-Friedrich of Brandenburg-Ansbach

The regiment was a cavalry association that was established in 1718 as the Württemberg Dragoon Regiment for the imperial Habsburg army . From this, the kuk Uhlan regiment "Count Auersperg" No. 8 developed over the course of time up to the joint army within the Austro-Hungarian Land Forces .

When a ranking of the cavalry regiments was drawn up in 1769, the association was given the name Cavalry Regiment No. 28 . However, that was not the name of the regiment, as until 1798 these were still named after their respective regiment owners (who did not also have to be the commander). There was no binding regulation of the spelling. (e.g. Count Serbelloni regiment - or Serbelloni regiment.) With each change of ownership, the regiment concerned changed its name.

After the system was changed in 1798, the numbered designation prevailed, which could possibly be linked to the name of the owner. The name was changed to Dragoon Regiment (light) No. 10

The following numbering was subsequently introduced for the system: 1718 (to Ticino ), Dragoon Regiment D VIII (to Bleckwenn ).

All honorary names of the regiments were deleted without replacement in 1915. From then on the regiment was only to be called "Uhlan Regiment No. 8". (However, this could not be enforced in common parlance, on the one hand because nobody adhered to it, on the other hand the thrifty kuk military administration had ordered that all existing stamps and forms be used up first.)

Formation history

According to Convention of 29 January 1718 adopted Margrave Wilhelm Friedrich of Brandenburg-Anspach in Bavaria as a Dragoon - Regiment set up and leave the imperial six-year services (according to capitulation and authority the actual formation of the regiment but the was Lieutenant Frederick Duke of Wurttemberg been transferred) . After the capitulation ended, the regiment was taken over by the imperial army.

  • In 1721 parts of the disbanded dragoons "Roma" and "Tige" were incorporated.
  • In 1731 the regiment had to leave its horses behind on the occasion of its transfer (crossing over) from Sicily to Lombardy . Since the workforce was at a very low level at this point in time, the regiment was dissolved by parts of the auction company of the “Batthyányi” , “Württemberg” regiments and the “Bavaria” (1740 dissolved) and “Liechtenstein” (1775 ) dragoon regiments ) filled up.
  • In 1740 the grenadier and three ordinary companies of the disbanded Dragoons regiment "Ludwig von Württemberg" were incorporated.
  • 1760 First conversion to a Chevauxlegersregiment, but in December of the same year conversion back to a Dragoon regiment.
  • In 1768 the grenadier company had to be handed over to the newly established 2nd Carabinier Regiment (later Dragoon Regiment No. 1 ). In return, a squadron of the disbanded cuirassier regiment "de Ville" was incorporated.
  • 1779 Conversion into a Chevauxlegers regiment
  • In 1785 the regiment was assigned a division of the Uhlan Free Corps
  • In 1786 one of these squadrons had to be handed over to the "Kinsky Chevauxlegersregiment" (later Dragoon Regiment No. 10) . The workforce in the affected division was made up again by recruiting.
  • In 1791 this division was transferred to the newly formed, later Uhlan Regiment No. 1 .
  • 1798 Renaming to Dragoon Regiment (light) No. 10.
  • 1802 conversion to Chevauxlegersregiment Nr. 3. It was assigned to the majors division of the disbanded Dragoon Regiment "Crown Prince Nr. 2".
  • 1851 Conversion to Uhlan Regiment No. 8
  • In 1860 the 4th Division was transferred to the newly established Volunteer Uhlan Regiment (later Uhlan Regiment No. 13 ).

additions

  • 1781–1807 from Lower and Upper Austria
  • 1807 from Bohemia
  • 1813 from Galicia
  • 1853–57 from the advertising area of ​​Infantry Regiment No. 58 ( Stanislau )
  • 1857–60 from the advertising districts of infantry regiments No. 30 and No. 58 ( Lemberg , Stanislau)
  • 1857–72 from the advertising districts of infantry regiments No. 9 and No. 58 ( Stryj , Stanislau)
  • 1872–75 from the advertising area of ​​Infantry Regiment No. 58.
  • 1873–83 from the advertising districts of infantry regiments No. 24 and 58 ( Kolomea and Stanislau)
  • 1883–89 from the advertising area of ​​Infantry Regiment No. 95 ( Czortków )

Peace garrisons

I. II. III.

Regimental owner

Regimental Commanders

I. II. III.
  • 1793 Colonel Paul Freiherr von Winkler
  • 1796 Colonel Hannibal Marquis Sommariva
  • 1799 Colonel Max Joseph Prince Thurn and Taxis
  • 1800 Colonel Bernhard Grosser
  • 1805 Colonel Friedrich Graf Degenfeld-Schonburg
  • 1807 Colonel Leopold Freiherr von Rothkirch
  • 1809 Colonel Simon of Sardagna
  • 1812 Colonel Johann Heinrich Count Auersperg
  • 1819 Colonel Aurelius Chevalier Provasi
  • 1824 Colonel Carl Freiherr von Wuesthoff
  • 1832 Colonel Franz Graf Kesselstadt
  • 1833 Colonel Carl von Stahel
  • 1840 Colonel Carl Freiherr von Schwarzenau
  • 1848 Colonel Alois von Hollner
  • 1848 Colonel Adam Count Waldstein-Wartenberg
  • 1849 Colonel Ludwig Losy von Losenau
  • 1849 Colonel Adolph Schönberger
  • 1849 Colonel Joseph Edler von Berger
  • 1852 Colonel Anton Freiherr Dobrženský von Dobrženitz
  • 1858 Colonel Heinrich Graf Coudenhove
  • 1860 Colonel Carl Freiherr von Simbschen
  • 1864 Colonel Heinrich Graf Wurmbrand-Stuppach
  • 1867 Colonel Robert von Kutschenbach
  • 1873 Colonel Eduard Leipold
  • 1878 Colonel Joseph Rott
  • 1883 Colonel Friedrich Schmerek
  • 1885 Colonel Jacob von Zwehl
  • 1887 Colonel Friedrich Tilemann
  • 1890 Colonel Hyacinth Edler von Schulheim
  • 1891 Colonel Adalbert Redlich
  • 1893 Colonel Clemens Freiherr Preuschen von und zu Liebenstein
  • 1898 Colonel Georg Bach von Klarenbach
  • 1899 Lieutenant Colonel Alois Hoppe
  • 1900 Colonel Svetozar Davidov of Illánesa
  • 1914 Colonel Rudolf Edler von Dokonal

Battle calendar

→ War of the Quadruple Alliance

  • In 1718, immediately after taking over in imperial service, the regiment was set off for Italy or Naples
  • 1719 relocation to Sicily with participation in the battle of Francavilla .
  • 1720 Detachment to the troops operating in western Sicily

→ War of the Polish Succession

→ War of the Austrian Succession

  • 1741 relocation to Austria. Participation in the winter campaign in Upper Austria and Bavaria.
  • 1743 First security and patrol services on the Inn , then relocation to the Upper Palatinate
  • 1744 Involved in the capture of Lauterburg with the main army . Then detachment to Bohemia.
  • 1745 parts of the regiment were involved in the attack on Kosel and the battle near Neustadt in Silesia . The regiment subsequently charged with securing the border suffered several losses in the skirmish near Hultschin .
  • 1746 Relocation to Northern Italy with participation in the battle near Rottofreno. In the further course of the campaign, the association had no more combat activity.

→ Seven Years War

  • 1756 Security and patrol services in Moravia .
  • 1757 Used with the army of Field Marshal Daun in the Battle of Kolin . The regimental commander, Count O'Donell, was promoted to general in recognition of the regiment's demeanor . The deputy regimental commander Lieutenant Colonel Count Pompeati was promoted to colonel and was given command of the regiment. Fights in the battle near Görlitz, the Battle of Breslau and Battle of Leuthen as well as later repeated later battles near Breslau.
  • Assigned in 1758 to the de corps Ville in Silesia, the regiment was at the siege of Neisse involved
  • 1759 First with the main army, later with the Loudon Corps . No combat activity
  • 1760 Battle of Töpliwoda. Participation in the Battle of Landeshut and the Battle of Liegnitz .
  • 1761 Security and patrol services in Silesia, without combat activity
  • 1762 Battle near Peilau

→ War of the Bavarian Succession

  • 1778-79 been detached to the army in Bohemia, a division under Lieutenant Colonel Graf Auersperg in the Battle of recorded Brüx from

→ Russian-Austrian Turkish War (1787–1792)

  • 1788 Initially to Syrmia , later commanded to the Banat , detachments took part in the battle near Bezanja and Belgrade (failure on July 22nd). Then retreat from Caransebes
  • 1789 Participation in the siege of Belgrade

→ coalition wars

  • 1790 With the observation army in Moravia
  • 1793 The Lieutenant Colonel Division under Marquis Sommariva in the Netherlands fought with distinction at Marchiennes and Orchies
Tomb of the regiment member, Rittmeister Fürst Schwarzenberg, in the St. Laurentiuskirche, Weinheim
  • 1794 This division fought in the battle at Landrecies (April 16) and then united with the two other divisions that had moved up and had previously participated in the battle of Cateau. Later the regiment took part in some skirmishes on the Sambre , then the battles at Charleroi and Fleurus , one squadron was still involved in the defense of Liege .
  • In 1795, the unit fought with distinction in the storming of the fortified camp of Neckarau , as part of the siege of Mannheim ; later in the defense of Edigheim . The regiment member, Rittmeister Prince Friedrich Johann Nepomuk zu Schwarzenberg, was fatally wounded near Mannheim-Neckarau . An elaborate memorial was erected for him in the nearby village of Weinheim . Today it is located in the local Catholic parish church of St. Laurentius and you can still visit Schwarzenberg's death room.
  • In 1796 , commanded to the Upper Rhine , divisions took part in the battles near Schwetzingen , Frankenthal and Rastatt , and later in the battles near Teining-Amberg and Emmendingen . In December there was a siege of Kehl .
  • 1797 Relocation to Tyrol and Carinthia , without combat deployment
  • Relocated to Italy in 1799, the regiment fought near Verona and Magnano and was temporarily involved in the siege of Tortona . Fight in the Battle of the Trebbia . Divisions were still fighting at Novi , Fossano , Pinerolo , Castelletto, Madona del'Olmo, Centallo , Beinette , and at Genola . The regimental commander, Colonel Marquis Sommariva, was awarded the Military Maria Theresa Order for participating in the Battle of Magnano
  • 1800 divisions of the regiment fought at Ivrea , Casteggio, the battle of Marengo and later at Valeggio. Rittmeister von Sardagna, who had again distinguished himself at Casteggio, received the Military Maria Theresa Order.
  • 1805 Commanded to the Kienmayer Corps on the Inn , the unit fought in the Battle of Austerlitz . The regiment owner Field Marshal Lieutenant O'Reilly was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Military Maria Theresa Order for the battle near Caldiero.
  • 1809 Seconded to Division Jellacic in the Salzburg area, divisions of the regiment fought in the battles at Waging and Anthering . When the division withdrew, only one squadron remained with it, the remaining seven joined the main army in Marchfeld and fought with special distinction in the battle of Aspern and the battle of Wagram . The 2nd Majors Division was temporarily detached in the Pressburg bridgehead . The regimental commander Colonel Freiherr von Rotkirch was promoted to major general for the performance of the regiment near Aspern .

→ Russian campaign

  • 1812 Assigned to Prince Schwarzenberg's auxiliary corps , the regiment fought at Podubie, Ploska, Krimini and Guidawa. When the Russians attacked the regimental camp near Nieswiez, three squadrons lost numerous prisoners.

→ Wars of Liberation

  • 1813 The regiment fought near Dresden , departments near Freiburg, the Flöha, Chemnitz and Penig. Skirmish at Liebertwolkwitz and participation in the Battle of Nations near Leipzig . Lieutenant Colonel Prince A. Windisch-Graetz was awarded the Military Maria Theresa Order here
  • 1814 Assigned to the light division Moriz Liechtenstein, divisions took part in the skirmishes at Salins, Maisons-blanches, Moret, Villemaure, Troves and a few other minor skirmishes.

→ Rule of the Hundred Days

  • 1815 The regiment was assigned to the I. Reserve Corps and had no combat activity.

→ Revolution of 1848/1849 in the Austrian Empire

  • 1848 The regiment was commanded to Transylvania and was mostly only used in sections. Two squadrons blew up the 1000-man insurgent camp near Radnóth, one squadron fought in the formation of the Urban column near Vajda-Szent-Iványi and Szamos-Ujvár. Other divisions fought in the capture of Cluj , the battle of Deés and the battle of Csucsa. A squadron took part in the move against Arad with the skirmishes at Lippa and Arad.
  • 1849 Two squadrons fought near Gálfalva, two more near Sibiu . Two divisions fought at Szaszváros and Piski, the entire regiment then at Medias . On the retreat to Kronstadt there were still a few minor skirmishes and then moved to Wallachia . Participation in the campaign in the Banat, here a division was involved in the defense of Weisskirchen . In the summer campaign the regiment fought near Szemere and Bükszád. Detached divisions took part in the defense of Carlsburg and Temesvár forts. A supply transport under Lieutenant Heinz in the unit of the Urban column led to a successful skirmish at Maros-Vásárhely. A composite of complementary divisions Division had the southern army of Banus connected and resulted in this association some minor skirmishes

→ German war

  • 1866 With five squadrons the regiment was assigned to the 1st Reserve Cavalry Division of the Northern Army. Two squadrons were able to free themselves from being gripped by strong Prussian forces with heavy losses in the battle at Červená Hora . Parts of the regiment fought in the battle of Königgrätz and Göding .

→ First World War

During the First World War, the Uhlans fought as a cavalryman in all theaters of war in the east and south-east. It is currently not known whether they were deployed as divisional cavalry in a closed regimental formation or as a squadron . Like all cavalry regiments, this was ultimately used for infantry.

Status and association membership 1914

  • XI. Corps - 8th Cavalry Troop Division - 13th Cavalry Brigade
  • Nationalities: 80% Polish - 20% different
  • Regimental language: Polish

Whereabouts

At the end of the war in 1918, the regiment was in Eastern Galicia. There his track is lost.

Adjustment

  • 1738: Dragoon Regiment: red skirt, blue lapels
  • 1757: dark blue skirt, ponceau red lapels, blue trousers
  • 1765: red skirt, light blue equalization , white trousers, white buttons
  • 1767: white skirt, light blue equalization, white trousers, white buttons (not carried out)
  • 1773: Chevauxlegers Regiment - unchanged
  • 1798: Dragoon Regiment No. 10 - dark green skirt, light blue equalization, white buttons
  • 1802: Chevauxlegers Regiment No. 3 - white skirt, light- later scarlet red leveling, white trousers, yellow buttons
  • 1850: dark green tunic and pantaloons, carmoisine red leveling, yellow buttons (not carried out)
  • 1851: Uhlan regiment No. 8 - scarlet czapka , dark green ulanka and pantaloons, scarlet equalization, white buttons
  • 1865: madder tartarka , light blue ulanka, madder red leveling and trousers, white buttons
  • 1876: madder red czapka, light blue ulanka, madder red leveling and boot pants, white buttons

structure

A regiment was the Austro-Hungarian cavalry usually originates from three to four (in the exception more) divisions . (A division was used here to refer to a battalion-strength unit. The correct division was called an infantry or cavalry division.) Each division had three squadrons , each of which consisted of two companies . The number of riders in the individual sub-units fluctuated, but was usually around 80 riders per company.

(With the army reform begun by Emperor Joseph II , however, the company structure within the cavalry was abandoned.)

The individual divisions were named after their formal leaders:

  • the 1st division was the colonel division
  • the 2nd division was the lieutenant colonel (lieutenant colonel) division
  • the 3rd division was the majors division
  • the 4th division was the 2nd majors division
  • the 5th division (if any) was called the 3rd majors division

In the course of the army reform, the cavalry regiments were reduced from 1860 to initially three and then to two divisions.

Due to the constant renaming, the regimental histories of the Austro-Hungarian cavalry are very difficult to follow. In addition, there is the constant and apparently arbitrary, sometimes multiple reclassification of the associations. (For example: Kuk Bohemian Dragoon Regiment "Prince of Windisch-Graetz" No. 14 )

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ticino 1986 vol. 1:40
  2. ↑ Bleckwenn
  3. ↑ according to “Announcement of the Quartermaster's Department” of Army Group Command FM. Archduke Eugen / Q.Op. No. 665/15. Issued by the field post office 512

literature

  • Johann Christoph Allmayer-Beck , Erich Lessing: The KuK Army 1848-1914. Bertelsmann, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-570-07287-8 .
  • Hans Bleckwenn : The regiments of the Empress: Thoughts on the Albertina manuscript 1762 of the Army History Museum Vienna. In: Writings of the Army History Museum in Vienna. Volume 3: Maria Theresia - Contributions to the history of the army of her time. Graz, Vienna, Cologne 1967, pp. 25–53.
  • Hans Bleckwenn: Horsemen, Hussars and Grenadiers. d. Uniforms d. emperor. Army on the Rhine 1734. Harenberg, Dortmund 1979, ISBN 3-88379-125-3 , p. 17ff.
  • BM Buchmann: Austria and the Ottoman Empire. WUV-Univ.-Verl., Vienna 1999.
  • Hermann Meynert : History of the KK Austrian Army, its formation and organization, as well as its fate, actions and campaigns, from the earliest to the present time. C. Gerold and Son, Vienna 1854. online at google books
  • Osprey Military. Issue No. 271, reprint 1999.
  • Austrian military history. Special volume 1997, Verlag Stöhr Vienna.
  • Georg Schreiber : The emperor's cavalry. Austrian cavalry in 4 centuries. With a foreword by Alois Podhajsky . Speidel, Vienna 1967.
  • Georg Tessin : The regiments of the European states in the Ancien Régime des XVI. to XVIII. Century. 3 volumes. Biblio, Osnabrück 1986–1995, ISBN 3-7648-1763-1 , p. 152ff.
  • Alphons von Wrede: The history of the kuk Wehrmacht. The regiments, corps, branches and establishments from 1618 to the end of the XIX. Century. Vienna 1898–1905. Part III, Part 1 Cavalry, Part 2 Disbanded troops on horseback. Directory of regiment chiefs at the Wrede plant (PDF; 325 kB)

Web links

Commons : Uniforms of the Austrian Cavalry 1762  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files