Hodonín
| Hodonín | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Historical part of the country : | Moravia | ||||
| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Hodonín | ||||
| Area : | 6305 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 51 ' N , 17 ° 8' E | ||||
| Height: | 167 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 24,682 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 695 01 | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Railway connection: | Břeclav - Přerov | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Milan Lúčka (as of 2015) | ||||
| Address: | Masarykovo nám. 6 695 35 Hodonín |
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| Municipality number: | 586021 | ||||
| Website : | hodonin.eu | ||||
Hodonín ( German Göding ) is a town in South Moravia with 24,682 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2019). It is located about 50 kilometers southeast of Brno on the March , which forms the border with Slovakia here. The railway connects the city to the southwest via Břeclav ( Lundenburg ) with Vienna and to the northeast via Otrokovice ( Otrokowitz ) with Ostrava (Mährisch Ostrau). There is a border crossing to the neighboring Slovak town of Holíč ( Holitsch ), which is six kilometers to the south .
history
Around the birth of Christ, Hodonín was on the border with the Roman province of Carnuntum on the Limes Pannonicus and the Amber Road . The settlement originated in the center of the Great Moravian Empire at a Slavic castle (possibly a bailey) from the 10th century, about which nothing is known anymore. The place is documented for the first time in 1169, and in 1228 Hodonín received the privileges of a Bohemian royal city . In the 16th century the town and the surrounding manor belonged to the lords of Lipá , was largely Evangelical-Lutheran at that time and then became Roman Catholic again after the battle of the White Mountain during the recatholicization . From the end of the 18th century, industrialization began with machine processing of tobacco , food and textiles. In 1805 after the close battle of Austerlitz and the end of the hereditary subordination of a large part of the population after 1848, the prosperity of the city increased.
At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, the industrialist family Redlich and some members were decisive in promoting the city of Göding in economic and political terms. Friedrich Redlich (1868–1921), brother of the last finance minister of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy Josef Redlich , was mayor of Göding from 1913 to 1918 , founded large brickworks in the city, an important joint-stock company in the sugar industry in Moravia, and promoted sugar beet cultivation in Slovakia . Their mutual cousin, the building contractor Karl Redlich (1860–1918), promoted the expansion of the city and its surroundings through the company "Brothers Redlich and Berger" in Vienna.
The city had a large German population since the High Middle Ages (1910 census: 5952 Czech speakers and 5223 German speakers). In 1910 the judicial district of Göding covered 768 km² with 62 parishes and 93,634 inhabitants. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1918, the German-speaking population declined sharply due to emigration to Austria , immigration of Czech-speaking civil servants and job seekers, monetary inflation and the beginning of the global economic crisis . In 1921 only 960 of the 13,200 inhabitants claimed to be Germans, in 1930 only 582 of 13,166 inhabitants. After the end of the Second World War in May 1945 and the expulsion of the Germans from Czechoslovakia , legalized by the Beneš decrees , these became almost without exception expropriated, forced to leave the city and found refugees in Austria and Bavaria .
Since 1997 the situation in the Euregio Weinviertel-South Moravia-West Slovakia has brought new cross-border development opportunities.
Attractions
- Hodonín Castle
- Laurentiuskirche
- Marian column
- Old and New Jewish Cemetery
- town hall
Museums
- Museum of Oil Extraction and Geology, with a small exhibition on the history of the Redlich family
- Masaryk Museum
Town twinning
- Cattolica , Italy
- Holíč , Slovakia
- Stolberg (Harz) , Germany
- Zistersdorf , Austria
sons and daughters of the town
- Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (1850–1937), founder and first President of Czechoslovakia
- Michal Kempný (* 1990), ice hockey player
- Eugen Neufeld (1882–1950), actor
- Karl Redlich (1860–1918), building contractor for railway projects a. a., cousin of Friedrich (Fritz) Redlich and Josef Redlich
- Friedrich (Fritz) Redlich (1868–1921), industrialist and politician, 1913–1919 mayor of Göding, brother of Josef Redlich
- Josef Redlich (1869–1936), politician, lawyer, last Imperial and Royal Finance Minister
- Helene Roth (1904–1995 or 1996), Austrian engineer and architect
- Antonín Viktora (1943–2014), Czech jazz guitarist
- Václav Nedomanský (* 1944), Czechoslovak ice hockey player
- Vítězslav Veselý (* 1983), javelin thrower
- Iveta Vacenovská (* 1986), Czechoslovak table tennis player
- Filip Sasínek (* 1996), athlete
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Ferdinand Seibt , Hans Lemberg , Helmut Slapnicka: Biographical Lexicon for the history of the Bohemian countries. Published on behalf of the Collegium Carolinum (Institute) , Volume III, R. Oldenbourg Verlag Munich 2000, p. 396.
- ^ Alfred Bohmann : The Sudeten Germanism in Numbers. Handbook on the existence and development of the Sudeten German ethnic group in the years from 1910 to 1950. Munich 1959, p. 18.