Bzenec
| Bzenec | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Hodonín | ||||
| Area : | 4034 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 58 ' N , 17 ° 17' E | ||||
| Height: | 183 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 4,361 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 696 81 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Kyjov - Veselí nad Moravou | ||||
| Railway connection: |
Brno – Vlárský průsmyk Bzenec – Moravsky Písek |
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| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Pavel Čejka (as of 2007) | ||||
| Address: | Náměstí Svobody 73 696 81 Bzenec |
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| Municipality number: | 586081 | ||||
| Website : | www.bzenec.cz | ||||
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Bzenec (German Bisenz ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It is located eight kilometers west of Veselí nad Moravou on the Syrovinka and belongs to the Okres Hodonín .
geography
The wine town of Bzenec is located at the foot of the Kyjovská pahorkatina in the Dolnomoravský úval (southern March basin). Bzenec extends on the left side of the Syrovinka and its tributary Vracovský potok. To the north are the Horní hory hills, which serve as vineyards, with the Bzenec castle ruins. To the south there is an extensive forest area that extends as far as the March. State roads 54 between Kyjov and Veselí nad Moravou and 426 between Strážnice and Osvětimany run through the city .
Neighboring towns are Těmice and Domanín in the north, Moravský Písek in the northeast, Veselí nad Moravou in the east, Zarazice and Vnorovy in the southeast, Přívoz in the south and Vracov in the west.
history
Bzenec was mentioned in writing for the first time in 1015, and archaeological finds have shown that settlement dates back to the Neolithic as well as the Bronze and Iron Ages. In 1214, Margrave Heinrich von Moravia granted the citizens of Bisince the privilege of using Wroclaw law at the local court. Pope Gregory XI. Bisenz mentioned in a document dated April 10, 1231. Until 1361 the Bisenz castle was the center of a district, the seat of which was then Hradiště ( Hungarian Hradisch ). In 1371 the town charter was renewed. The fortified town below the Bisenz castle, which was built by Constanze of Hungary , was owned by the Bohemian kings and margraves of Moravia until 1422. During the Hussite Wars , the castle was besieged by the Hussites between 1427 and 1428. After it was captured and destroyed, it was not rebuilt.
Between 1490 and 1514 the rule of Bisenz was pledged to the noble family Kropáč von Nevědomí, who built a fortress in the town. In 1514 Michal Podmanický became the owner of Bisenz, he was followed by the Zierotines from 1539 to 1548 and from 1588 by Kaspar Proskowski von Proskau , who had the fortress rebuilt into a Renaissance chateau. Under Count Christoph Erdmann Proskowski, the chapel of St. Florian and Sebastian was built on the castle hill in 1703 and the palace was given its baroque appearance between 1709 and 1710 and was surrounded by a French and English park. The von Proskowski family held the rule until its extinction in 1806, when the inheritance fell to the Dietrichstein family . During their rule the sand dunes of the Moravian Sahara south of the city were reforested. Between 1823 and 1844, the Hessian elector Wilhelm II was the owner of Bisenz. After him, his son Wilhelm von Reichenbach-Lessonitz (1824–1866) held the rule of Bisenz. After the replacement of patrimonial , the submissive city was given its independence in 1848. In 1850, 3560 people lived in Bisenz.
Von Reichenbach-Lessonitz had the castle replaced by a new building in Tudor style between 1853 and 1855. With the construction he took over and ended his life by suicide in 1866 because of his excessive indebtedness. A synagogue was built in 1863. In 1900 the city had 4271 inhabitants. In 1917, Count Anton Magnis von Straßnitz acquired the castle, which was expropriated in 1945 and transferred to the wine cooperative. The chapel on the castle hill was destroyed in the last days of the war in 1945. In 1960 the synagogue was torn down .
Local division
No districts are shown for the city of Bzenec. Bzenec includes the locations Babí, Doubrava, Kolonie, Louky, Olšovec ( Olschowitz ), Přívoz, Úkolky, Vinohrady and Zámek.
Town twinning
- Flukes in Saxony-Anhalt
Attractions
- Bzenec Castle with its park and the 900-year-old Bisenz lime tree
- Ruins of the chapel of St. Florian and Sebastian on the castle hill, built in 1703, destroyed in 1945
- Church of John the Baptist on the market square, the church, which has been documented since 1235, was redesigned in baroque style between 1696 and 1702
- Baroque town houses on the market
- Jewish quarter
- Jewish cemetery with mourning hall
sons and daughters of the town
- Adolf Gallia (1852–1925), lawyer in Vienna, and Moriz Gallia (1858–1918), businessman in Vienna, both business partners of the inventor Carl Auer von Welsbach
- Norbert Jokl (1877–1942), Austrian albanologist and victim of the Holocaust
- Max Kurzweil (1867–1916), Austrian painter and graphic artist
- Gustav Robert Paalen (1873–1945), Austrian businessman and inventor
- Gerda Rodel (1914–1998), Swiss journalist
- Milan Uherek (1925–2012), choir director and composer
See also
literature
- Vladislava Janušková: A brief history of the town of Bzenec up to the time before the First World War . Bachelor thesis. Masaryk University - Faculty of Education. Brno 2007, online (PDF; 2.78 MB)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Heinrich Gottfried Gengler: Regesta and documents on the constitutional and legal history of German cities in the Middle Ages , Erlangen 1863, p. 235 .