Dambořice

Dambořice
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Jihomoravský kraj
District :	Hodonín
Area :	2321 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 3 '  N , 16 ° 55'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 2 '30 "  N , 16 ° 55' 5"  E
Height:	224  m nm
Residents :	1,409 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code :	696 35
License plate :	B.
traffic
Street:	Velké Hostěrádky - Žarošice
Railway connection:	Čejč – Ždánice (passenger transport suspended)
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Josef Kratochvil (as of 2010)
Address:	Dambořice 69 696 35 Dambořice
Municipality number:	586129
Website :	www.damborice.cz

View from the south of Dambořice

Dambořice (German Damborschitz , older also Tumbaritz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located nine kilometers west of Ždánice and belongs to the Okres Hodonín .

geography

Dambořice extends at the southern foot of the Steinitzer Forest at the transition to Dambořická vrchovina in the valley of the Salajka brook. To the northeast rises the Šumberk (323 m), in the southwest the Lipiny (300 m) and northwest of the Prostřední vrch ( Mitterberg , 315 m) and the Písečná (374 m). To the north lies the medieval desert of Mezilesice.

Neighboring towns are Kobeřice u Brna , U Bílého vlka, Nížkovice , Heršpice and Jalový Dvur in the north, Zdravá Voda and Uhřice in the Northeast, Žarošice in the east, Janův Dvůr and Čtvrtě the southeast, Kumstát and Krumvíř in the south, Bohumilice in the southwest, Velké Hostěrádky and Bošovice in the west and Lovčičky and Milešovice in the northwest.

history

The first written mention of the place belonging to the castle church Břeclav was in 1141 by Bishop Heinrich Zdik in the property register of the Diocese of Olomouc . The name of the place derives from a person Domabor . Linked to this is the legend about a Prince Dombor . In 1298, Wilhelm von Dambořice can be traced back as the first secular owner of the village. In 1320 a parish was established in Dambořice, but only half of the village belonged to its district. The other half remained parish to Žarošice. Bishop Konrad finally ordered the parish of the entire village to become St. Martin's Church in 1326. Thanks to its location on a trade route that led south of the Steinitz Forest into the Moravian Plain to Brno , the place developed into a large settlement. There is evidence of an extensive village square in Dambořice since 1322. The first news about a festival comes from the year 1337. In 1377 the Srnová vineyard was established. The southwestern village of Nesklovice, first mentioned in 1420, later became extinct. In 1531 the Moravian governor Jan Kuna from Kunstadt bought the lordship on Lukov . Jan Kuna had a new parish church built, fish ponds built, the brewery restored and the vineyards significantly expanded. At his request, Emperor Ferdinand I raised Dambořice to a town in 1534 and granted the privilege of holding a weekly market and a fair. The oldest seal dates from 1535; it shows three stars as well as the coat of arms of the Lords of Kunstadt and bears the inscription S. MIESTEZKA. DAMBORZIZ . From 1550 on, Habaners settled in Dambořice. After the Lords of Kaunitz had acquired Dambořice in 1566, they struck the goods of their rule Steinitz . At the beginning of the 17th century the fortress went out. Jews settled in the area towards the end of the 16th century. The Jewish community did not emerge, as usual, on the edge of the village, but in the middle of the center. In 1617 Dambořice consisted of 130 properties, including 18 whole-hoppers, six three-quarter-hens and eight half-hens. The Jewish quarter consisted of six houses. The Habanerhof encompassed three and a half Hufen land, in addition to agriculture, canvas weaving also took place there. The Lords of Kaunitz held the rule of Steinitz until the Battle of the White Mountain and were then expropriated because of their participation in the class uprising. The Liechtensteiners became new owners . In 1622 the Habans had to leave the town. During the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War, the population of Dambořice fell by half. In 1658 382 people lived in the town, in 1667 there were 410. By 1698 the Jewish quarter had grown to 18 houses, including a school and a kosher butchery. In 1744 viticulture was expanded again and the Dubová vineyard was created. Dambořice viticulture reached its greatest boom in the second half of the 18th century. In 1781 Dambořice had 1188 inhabitants. 130 of them professed Protestantism according to the tolerance patent . The Protestants were looked after by the evangelical parish in Klobouky . In 1807 French troops looted the place. In 1824 a great fire laid the town and the Jewish community in rubble and ashes. In 1843 there were 1964 people living in the town, the Jewish quarter consisted of 72 houses and had 480 inhabitants. Dambořice always remained submissive to Ždánice until the middle of the 19th century.

After the abolition of patrimonial Dambořice / Damborschitz formed from 1850 a market town in the district administration Gaya and the judicial district Steinitz. In 1858, a third cemetery was created with the Protestant cemetery. The Jewish community reached its highest number of inhabitants in 1860 with 480 and thus made up a share of 24% of the inhabitants of Dambořice. Subsequently, the Jews began to emigrate strongly, especially to the industrial and commercial centers of Brno and Vienna . They sold their houses to Christians. The synagogue was rebuilt in 1868 in the style of the late empire. In 1880 the Sokolnice- Janův Dvůr state road was built, including a branch to Dambořice. The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1887. In 1900 the place had 2033 inhabitants, of which only 144 were Jews. 1906 began the construction of the 26 km long railway line Čejč – Ždánice , which opened in 1908. In 1929 only 46 Jews lived in Dambořice. During the German occupation, the last 43 Jewish residents of Dambořice were deported to the Theresienstadt concentration camp in January 1943 and transported from there to the German extermination camps. None of the Dambořice Jews returned after the end of the war. The synagogue was demolished in 1948.

In 1946 the Protestant parish Klobouky set up a branch in Dambořice, whose district also included Bošovice , Ždánice, Násedlovice and, for a short time, Velké Hostěrádky . This was raised to a parish in 1956 and looks after the Protestants in Dambořice, Násedlovice, Ždánice, Bošovice, Želetice , Karlín , Žarošice , Silničná , Zdravá Voda , Uhřice , Archlebov , Dražůvky and Nenkovice . After the Okres Kyjov was abolished, the place was assigned to the Okres Hodonín in 1960. In 1998, passenger transport on the Čejč – Ždánice railway was stopped.

Dambořice has three cemeteries. The Jewish cemetery is located behind the Catholic cemetery on the eastern edge of the village. The Church of the Brethren of Bohemia also has its own churchyard. Crude oil and natural gas were extracted in the hallways of the community. Vineyards stretch to the east and orchards on the slopes to the west of the village. The localities Dambořice and Uhřice belong to the Catholic parish Dambořice.

Attractions

• catholic parish church of St. Martin of Tours, traceable since 1326. The current late baroque building was built in 1780 and redesigned in 1909.
• Walled Catholic cemetery with two gates, the cemetery wall dates from the 18th century. The cemetery, originally laid on the slope east of the church, was extended in 1885 to the castle hill up to the Jewish cemetery.
• Jewish cemetery, it was created at the transition from the 16th to the 17th century. The last burial took place in 1940. There are between 300 and 400 gravestones made of sandstone, granite and limestone in the cemetery, some of which also have Czech inscriptions.
• Prayer house of the Evangelical Church of the Bohemian Brethren , built in 1888 in the former Catholic rectory
• Local history museum, established in 2004 by the KVS Kunstát
• three Slavic burial mounds west of the village near Skřípov in the forests of the Ždánický les

Sons and daughters of the church

• Victor Miroslav Fic (1922–2005), Czech-Canadian political scientist and orientalist
• Julius Kobler (1866–1942), actor and theater director

Web links

Commons : Dambořice  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
2. ↑ L. Hošák, R. Šrámek, Místní jména na Moravě a ve Slezsku I, Academia, Praha 1970, II, Academia, Praha 1980th