kuk Dragoon Regiment "Nikolaus Nikolajewitsch Grand Duke of Russia" No. 12

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Grand Duke Nikolaus Nikolajewitsch

The regiment was established in 1798 as Dragoon Regiment No. 6 of the Imperial Habsburg Army . From this, the kuk dragoon regiment "Nikolaus Nikolajewitsch Grand Duke of Russia" No. 12 developed in the course of time up to the Joint Army within the Austro-Hungarian Land Forces .

When the system was changed in 1798, the regiments were no longer named after the regiment owner. From this point on, the numbered designation prevailed, which could possibly be linked to the name of the owner. The regiment initially only carried the name Dragoon Regiment No. 12, which it received again in 1915 when all honorary names were deleted without replacement. However, this could not be enforced in common parlance, on the one hand because nobody adhered to it, on the other hand the thrifty kuk military administration had ordered that all existing stamps and forms should be used up first. (According to the "Announcement of the Quartermaster's Department" of Army Group Command FM. Archduke Eugen / Q.Op. No. 665/15. Issued by Field Post Office 512)

Until 1897 the unit was called kuk Dragoon Regiment No. 12

Associations with the same name

From 1798 to 1802 the later Dragoon Regiment No. 10 was led as Dragoon Regiment No. 12.

Formation history

  • 1798 became on June 1st from the Chevauxlegers divisions of the two Carabinier regiments "Kaiser" and "Sachsen-Teschen" (DR No. 1 and 3), furthermore a division of the regiment Royal-Allemand cavalerie taken over from French services and the in kk A cuirassier regiment in Aschbach near Amstetten in Lower Austria set up a cuirassier regiment for the service of the Fürstlich Anhalt-Zerbstischen cavalry . This initially only bore the designation "newly established Cürassier Regiment", but was assigned No. 6 in the same year.
  • In 1802 the Colonel Division of the disbanded Cuirassier Regiment Czartoryski was taken over, then the unit was converted into the Dragoon Regiment No. 6
  • In 1860 the regiment was converted into Cuirassier Regiment No. 12
  • 1867 After the cuirassier group was disbanded, it was again converted to the Dragoon Regiment with the number 12

Supplementary districts

  • 1798 from Bohemia
  • 1817 from Moravia
  • 1853 from the supplementary district of infantry regiment No. 54 ( Olomouc )
  • 1857–60 from the supplementary district of infantry regiments No. 1 and 54 ( Troppau , Olmütz)
  • 1860 from the supplementary district of Infantry Regiment No. 3 ( Kremsier )
  • 1880 from the supplementary district of infantry regiments No. 1 and 3
  • 1883–89 from the supplementary district of Infantry Regiment No. 1, 3, 54 and 100
  • Since 1889 the regiment was assigned to the area of ​​the I. Corps (Military Territorial District Krakow ).

Peace garrisons

I. II. III.

Regimental owner

Regimental Commanders

I. II. III.
  • 1798 Colonel Ignaz Eggermann
  • 1800 Colonel Leopold Freiherr von Strachwitz
  • 1807 Colonel Franz Freiherr von Fröhlich
  • 1808 Colonel Heinrich Freiherr von Scheither
  • 1813 Colonel Wilhelm von Kronenberg
  • 1813 Colonel Heinrich Graf Hardegg
  • 1814 Colonel Friedrich Freiherr von Wangen
  • 1827 Colonel Moriz Freiherr von Boyneburg -Lengsfeld
  • 1833 Colonel Friedrich Freiherr von Wuesthoff
  • 1839 Colonel Heinrich Graf Bellegarde
  • 1847 Colonel Carl Freiherr von Simbschen
  • 1849 Colonel Othmar Freiherr von Boyneburg-Lengsfeld
  • 1850 Colonel Ernst Freiherr von Juritsch
  • 1853 Colonel Friedrich Ahsbah's Knight of the Lance
  • 1859 Colonel Alexander Graf Pappenheim
  • 1866 Colonel Gustav Dunst von Adelshelm
  • 1872 Colonel Arthur Graf Mensdorff-Pouilly
  • 1879 Colonel Hermann Körber
  • 1879 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Adolph von Bothmer
  • 1886 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Eduard von Michalowski
  • 1890 Colonel Adolph von Hagen
  • 1893 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Johann Kutschka
  • 1898 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Carl Graf Solms-Wildenfels
  • 1903 Colonel Artur Freiherr von Gelan
  • 1905 Colonel Maximilian Freiherr von Weber
  • 1909 Colonel Heinrich von Risch
  • 1910 vacant
  • 1911 Colonel Miecislaus Count Ledóchowski
  • 1912 Colonel Edmund Van Goethem de St. Agathe
  • 1913 Colonel Nikolaus Karapancsa Edler von Kraina

Battle calendar

→ coalition wars

  • In 1799 the regiment remained in Vienna and did not move to Italy until mid-1800 to join the reserve corps at Verona . No fighting.
  • 1805 As a cuirassier regiment in North Tyrol , divisions took part in small outpost battles and in the defense of the Strub Pass.
  • 1809 In the I. Reserve Corps of the Army in Germany, the regiment was deployed to cover the imperial court. The majors 1st squadron was captured during a foray against Straubing . The regiment fought in the battle of Aspern , the battle of Wagram and in the battle of Znaim .

Russian campaign

  • 1812 The Auxiliary Corps Prince Schwarzenberg assigned with two divisions, the regiment fought at Liuboml and fought at Gradniki and Pinsk . Lieutenant Joseph Pfister attacked Lohiczin with only 50 dragoons and 30 infantrymen.

Wars of Liberation

  • In 1813 the regiment fought in the Battle of Dresden , in the battle near Arbesau and the Battle of Leipzig
  • 1814 Security and patrol services in the association of the Southern Army

Reign of the Hundred Days

  • 1815 invasion of France with little combat activity

Risorgimento

  • 1821 Participation in the campaign to Naples. No combat activity

Revolution of 1848/49 in the Austrian Empire

  • 1848 Assigned to the individual infantry brigades, the regiment fought with the Colonel and Majors Division in the army of Field Marshal Windisch-Graetz in the siege and capture of Vienna. During the subsequent march to Hungary, individual detachments fought battles near Parendorf and Altenburg
  • 1849 Participation in the siege of Komorn . Two squadrons were involved in the battle near Káty. After changing the association membership several times, the regiment was in III during the summer campaign. Corps, but was not used. Only the newly detached Lieutenant Colonel Division fought at Ihászi. During the further advance on the Tisza , three squadrons fought at Ó-Besenyö.

Sardinian war

German war

  • 1866 The regiment was assigned to the 3rd Reserve Cavalry Division of the Northern Army with four squadrons and fought in the Battle of Königgrätz

First World War

During the First World War, the dragoons were exposed to a wide variety of uses. At first they fought as cavalry in the regimental unit, but were also used as infantry in all theaters of war.

After the proclamation of Czechoslovakia as an independent state in October 1918, the soldiers of Czech origin were called on by the interim government to stop the fighting and return home. As a rule, this request was obeyed by the regiment's Czech crew. (In terms of constitutional law, this also applied to the German-Bohemian soldiers, as they were suddenly Czechoslovak citizens. The extent to which they complied with this request is no longer understandable, but it should have been the exception.) Thus, the association was its previous high command, the The kuk war ministry was withdrawn and could not be demobilized by the latter and, at best, theoretically dissolved. It is currently not known whether, when and where such a dissolution took place.

Adjustment of the regiment

1798: white skirt, light blue equalization , white trousers, yellow buttons
  • 1802: As Dragoon Regiment No. 6
white skirt, light blue equalization, white pants, white buttons
1805: white tunic , light blue equalization and pantaloons, white buttons
  • 1860: As Cuirassier Regiment No. 12
white tunic, light blue equalization, white buttons
  • 1868: As Dragoon Regiment No. 12
Light blue tunic, imperial yellow equalization, madder red ankle trousers, white buttons

structure

A regiment in the Austro-Hungarian Cavalry usually consisted of three to four (in exceptional cases more) divisions. (A division was used here to refer to a battalion-strength unit. The correct division was called an infantry or cavalry division.) Each division had three squadrons . The number of riders in the individual sub-units varied, but was usually around 160 riders per squadron.

The individual divisions were named after their formal leaders:

  • the 1st division was the colonel division
  • the 2nd division was the lieutenant colonel (lieutenant colonel) division
  • the 3rd division was the majors division
  • the 4th division was the 2nd majors division
  • the 5th division (if any) was the 3rd majors division

In the course of the army reform, the cavalry regiments were reduced to two divisions from 1860 onwards.

Due to the constant renaming, the regimental histories of the Austro-Hungarian cavalry are very difficult to follow. In addition, there is the constant and apparently arbitrary, sometimes multiple reclassification of the associations. (For example: Bohemian Dragoon Regiment "Prince of Windisch-Graetz" No. 14 )

Association membership and status in July 1914

  • I. Corps - 7th Cavalry Troop Division - 20th Cavalry Brigade
  • Nationalities: 50% Czech - 40% German - 10% different
  • Regimental languages: Czech and German

See also

kuk dragoons

literature

  • Ferdinand Strobl v. Ravelsberg: History of the K. and K. 12th Dragoon Regiments from its establishment to the present day 1798-1890. With an introduction: The emigration of the French Cavalry Regiment Royal-Allemand to Imperial Austrian service , Vienna 1890.
  • Obstlt. Alphons Frhr. v. Wrede: History of the KuK Wehrmacht from 1618 to the end of the XIX century Vienna 1898–1905.
  • Georg Schreiber : The emperor's cavalry. Austrian cavalry in 4 centuries. With a foreword by Alois Podhajsky . Speidel, Vienna 1967.
  • BM Buchmann: Austria and the Ottoman Empire. WUV-Univ.-Verl., Vienna 1999.
  • Allmayer-Beck / Lessing: The K. (below) K. Army 1848–1914 Bertelsmann, Munich 1974.