kuk Dragoon Regiment "Count Montecuccoli" No. 8

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Named after regiment owner later Dragoon Regiment No. 8

Imperial Cuirassier Regiment K 2 1734 Gudenushandschrift.jpg

Imperial Cuirassier Regiment Young Savoy (Eugen Johannes Prinz von Savoyen) (K 2) in the War of the Polish Succession in 1734
active 1619 or 1683 to 1918
Country Habsburg lands
Branch of service cavalry
Former locations see article
Tribe list List of cavalry regiments of the Imperial Habsburg army in the early modern period
Trunk number Ticino: 1683/1 - Bleckwenn: K 2 - officially: 1769 Cavalry Regiment No. 4 , 1798 Cürassier Regiment No. 6
Wars War of Austrian Succession , Seven Years War , Coalition Wars
Historical representation of the namesake
Raimondo Montecuccoli

The regiment was a cavalry unit that was established in the 17th century for the imperial Habsburg army . From this the kuk dragoon regiment "Count Montecuccoli" No. 8 developed in the course of time up to the Common Army , which had to carry this name since 1888 "for ever".

In 1769 the regiment was added to the cavalry rankings as Cavalry Regiment No. 4 and in 1798 it was converted to Cürassier Regiment No. 6 .

The following numbering was subsequently introduced for the system: 1683/1 (to Ticino ), cuirassier regiment K 2 (to Bleckwenn ).

Until 1798, the regiments were named after their respective owners (who did not also have to be the commanders). A binding regulation of the spelling did not exist (e.g. Regiment Graf Serbelloni - or Regiment Serbelloni). With each change of ownership, the regiment concerned changed its name. After 1798, the numbered designation prevailed, which could possibly be linked to the name of the owner. Due to this constant renaming, the regimental histories of the Austro-Hungarian cavalry are very difficult to follow. Added to this is the constant and apparently arbitrary, in some cases multiple reclassification of the units (for example: Bohemian Dragoon Regiment “Prince of Windisch-Graetz” No. 14).

In 1915, all honorary names and additional designations were deleted without replacement, from then on the regiment was only called kuk Dragoon Regiment No. 8 . (However, this could not be implemented in practice, on the one hand because no one adhered to it, on the other hand because the very thrifty Austro-Hungarian military administration had ordered that all remaining forms and stamps be used up first!)

history

The regiment is considered to be the oldest regular cavalry regiment of the kk and kuk cavalry. According to the traditional decree of the 19th century, it existed for a total of 299 years. Other histories allow the regimental history to begin with the rebuilding in 1683 because of the disbandment that took place in 1679.

In 1619 the Lower Austrian Protestant estates tried to obtain concessions in the Vienna Hofburg with the so-called storm petition of Emperor Ferdinand II . During this process, three pennons of the Arquebusier Regiment Dampierre stationed in Krems and one pennant of the "Dampierre-Kürassiere Regiment" (also called "Dampierre's cavalry regiment") left for Vienna under the arsenal commander Colonel Gilbert de Saint-Hilaire . Embarked on Danube Tschaiken, they arrived in the city on June 5, 1619, penetrated the residence through the fisherman's gate and intimidated the Protestants to such an extent that they gave up on their plan. In return, the two regiments of Emperor Ferdinand II were granted the following privileges, which were confirmed by Emperor Franz I at the secular celebration in 1810:

When on duty, the regiment may march through the Imperial and Royal Hofburg and into the imperial capital and residence city of Vienna under the sound of a trumpet and with flying standards, and may also stand on the imperial Hofburgplatze (Franzensplatze) and open the advertising table for three days there for free advertising. The regiment will then be on guard in front of the apartment to be given pro forma to the regiment commander in the Hofburg, where the regiment Estandarten are to be brought and the respective regiment commander is permitted on such an occasion, unannounced in full armor in front of his majesty the To appear emperor.

The regiment also has insurance, never reduciert or loosed to be, as long as it will continue to maintain the previous glory, and finally the award, that no man put to death the regiment of crimes punishable by death is set in the same, but in such cases the guilty party would be transferred to another regiment at any time to carry out such punishment.

  • In 1619 with imperial appointment on March 16, the Grand Duke Cosmos II of Medici recruited 500 men at his own expense. (300 men as arquebusiers in the Netherlands, 200 men as cuirassiers in the imperial hereditary lands). This regiment entered imperial service in 1621 under the name "Florentine Horsemen". Sergeant General Dampierre, who had been the owner and commander of an arquebusier regiment since 1616, was appointed as the owner of this new regiment.
  • In 1683 five companies of the Mercy Regiment were given up as a tribe to form a new regiment for Colonel Dupigny. This came through new advertising for 10 companies and continued the tradition of the Bournenville regiment and the old Dampierr riders
  • In 1721 the company of the disbanded Dragoon Regiment Battée was taken over
  • In 1731 parts of the auction companies established in 1727 were given to the regiments of Pignatelli and Kokorowa (both dissolved in 1734)
  • 1768 The Carabinier Company was transferred to the newly established 1st Carabinier Regiment ( later Dragoons No. 3 ), while a squadron of the dissolved Cuirassier Regiment Modena was incorporated.
  • In 1769 the regiment received the cavalry ranking number 4.
  • In 1775 the Colonel Division, then the Lieutenant Colonels 1st Squadron of the disbanded Cuirassier Regiment Jacquemin was incorporated
  • 1798 Change of name to Cuirassier Regiment No. 8
  • In 1802 the Lieutenant Colonel Division of the disbanded Czartoryski Regiment No. 4 was taken over.
  • 1867 Conversion to Dragoon Regiment No. 8
Cavalry barracks in Jaroslau

Advertising and supplementary districts

  • from 1781 Bohemia
  • 1853 From the supplementary districts of Infantry Regiment No. 35 ( Pilsen )
  • 1857–1860 from districts of infantry regiments No. 14, 28, 42 ( Neuhaus , Prague, Theresienstadt )
  • 1860–1868 from the districts of infantry regiments No. 11, 28, 35 ( Písek , Prague, Pilsen)
  • 1868–1877 from the districts of infantry regiments No. 28 and 75 (Prague, Neuhaus)
  • 1877–1883 ​​from the districts of infantry regiments No. 28 and 42 ( Prague , Theresienstadt)
  • 1883–1889 from the districts of infantry regiments No. 42, 92 and 94 (Theresienstadt, Komotau , Turnau ).
  • In 1889 it was the area of ​​the IX. Corps (Military Territorial District Josephstadt ) assigned.
  • 1914 Leitmeritz supplementary district

Peace garrisons

I. II. III.
  • 1740/41 Moravia
  • 1810 Báth (women's market)

Regimental owner

  • 1619 Colonel Heinrich Duval Count Dampiere, Colonel Sergeant in charge of all soldiers on horseback (Dampierr'schen Arkebusier Regiment)
  • 1620 Jacob Graf von Dampierre, baron of Mondroville
As a cuirassier regiment "Archduke Maximilian" 1761–1780
  • 1683 Colonel Bernhard Freiherr von Coneberg et Dupigny (Coneberg cuirassier regiment)
  • 1683 Colonel Johann Franz Freiherr von Chauviray (Cuirassier Regiment Chauviray)
  • 1685 Lieutenant Field Marshal Adam Bernhard Freiherr von Saint-Croix (Cuirassier Regiment Saint-Croix)
  • 1698 Colonel Joseph Innocent Duke of Lorraine and Bar (Cuirassier Regiment Lorraine and Bar)
  • 1705 Colonel Ferdinand Graf Breuner (Count Breuner's Cuirassier Regiment)
  • 1710 Colonel Thomas Emanuel Prince Savoy (Cuirassier Regiment)
  • 1730 Colonel Prince Johannes Franz Eugen of Savoy (Cuirassier Regiment " Young Savoy")
  • 1735 Lieutenant Field Marshal Franz Rudolf Graf Hohenems (Hohenembs) (Count Hohenems Cuirassier Regiment)
  • 1756 Colonel Archduke Ferdinand (Cuirassier Regiment Archduke Ferdinand)
  • 1761 Colonel Archduke Maxmilian (Cuirassier Regiment Archduke Maximilian)
  • 1780 Major General Friedrich Anton Prince Hohenzollern-Hechingen (Cuirassier Regiment Hohenzollern-Hechingen)
  • 1798 Change of name to Cuirassier Regiment No. 8
  • 1813 Constantin Cesarewitsch, Grand Duke of Russia
  • 1831 Field Marshal Lieutenant Ignaz Graf Hardegg
  • 1848 Field Marshal Lieutenant Carl Graf Auersperg
  • 1848 Carl Prince of Prussia
  • 1883–1899 General of the cavalry Leopold Graf Sternberg
Battle of the White Mountain 1620

Regimental Commanders

  • 1903 Colonel Ottokar Pizzighelli
  • 1906 Colonel Ludwig Vetter von Bruckthal
  • 1908 Colonel Ludwig Vetter von Bruckthal
  • 1910 Colonel Viktor Bauer von Bauernthal
  • 1914 Lieutenant Colonel Eugen Adler

Battle calendar

Memorial plaque in the Capuchin Church in Vienna

Friulian War

  • 1616 Battles against Venice - Skirmishes at Luciuse, Gradisca and Rubis

Thirty Years' War

  • 1618 fighting in Bohemia
  • 1619 The two companies recruited in the hereditary lands were in Lower Austria in June . One took part in the procession of 500 Dampierr riders led by Colonel Gilbert von St. Hilaire (arsenal captain) to free the emperor in Vienna. The regiment that was later united (the companies recruited in the Netherlands had meanwhile entered the Corps Dampierre) fought in the battle near Wisternitz and in the capture of Lundenburg
  • 1620 In Moravia and Lower Austria. In November, the association fought in the Battle of White Mountain near Prague
  • 1621 Skirmishes at Neuhäusel in Hungary
  • 1622 Garrison in Lower Austria - forays into Moravia
  • 1624 Little combat activity in the empire
  • 1625 fighting in the Netherlands. Siege of Breda
  • 1626 fighting at the Dessau bridge , later relocation to Moravia
  • 1627 Campaign under Waldstein to Holstein and Jutland
  • 1628 in Mecklenburg
  • 1629/30 Patrol and patrol duty in the Duchy of Jülich No combat activity
  • 1631 Siege of Magdeburg, Battle of Breitenfeld
  • 1632 In Bohemia during the siege of Eger , then before Nuremberg, later under Gallas in Saxony, battle of Lützen
  • 1633 Battle near Steinau in Silesia, later transferred to the main army in Bavaria
  • 1634 capture of Regensburg, battle of Nördlingen
  • 1635 Under Gallas on the Rhine, in the Electorate of Mainz and in the Duchy of Lorraine
  • 1636 Again under Gallas on the Rhine
  • 1637 Battle at Pege (Pegau) in Saxony
  • 1638 With the main army in Pomerania, retreat to Saxony
  • 1639 fighting near Freiberg and Chemnitz
  • 1640 In Silesia, then with the main army with battles near Perleberg and Ziegenhain
  • 1641 Siege of Zwickau , battle near Wolfenbüttel
  • 1642 Battle of Schweidnitz , Battle of Breitenfeld , with subsequent retreat battles in association with the regiments Nicola (Mottard), Liège and Ramsdorf. Kornet Hensgen with a detachment made up of people from the regiment and the Pallavicini regiment (200 men) succeeded in attacking three Swedish regiments near Mährisch Truebau
  • 1643 With the main army in Silesia, battle near Teschen
  • 1644 Fighting against the rebelling Wallachians in Moravia . Later the regiment came to Hungary, here fights at Freistadtl , Eperies , Palkonya, Sajó u. A.
  • Used to cover Vienna in 1645
  • 1646 Campaign against the Swedes and their expulsion from Lower Austria
  • 1647 Skirmishes in Bohemia near Falkenau. Siege of Jihlava
  • 1648 With the main imperial army. Battle of Zusmarshausen , battle of Allern, etc. A company deployed under Rittmeister de La Borde to defend Prague

After the war:

  • 1655–1659 patrol and patrol duty on the Silesian border against Poland . Temporarily moved to Hungary and Moravia

Turkish War 1663/1664

  • 1663 on patrol and patrol duty in Hungary, without any action
  • 1664 Assigned to Souchez Corps. Fights at Heiligenkreuz and Levencz
Siege of Philippsburg Fortress

Dutch War

  • 1673 transferred to the army on the Rhine. On taking Bonn involved
  • 1674 In December battle near Mühlhausen
  • 1675 Battle near Colmar and battle near Altenheim ( Goldscheuer )
  • 1676 During the siege of Philippsburg
  • Relocated to Bohemia for a short time in 1677, then transferred back to the main army. No combat activity

Great Turkish War

  • 1683 In the main army, battle at Petronell. Defense of the city of Vienna
  • 1684 In the main army, siege of Ofen , then moved to Upper Hungary in the Schultz corps
  • From 1685 Upper Hungary to Transylvania moved
  • 1686 Skirmishes with the Scherffenberg Corps near Szent Benedek and Hermannstadt. Relocated to Hungary, where he took part in the 2nd siege of Ofen. Later in the battle near Szeged
  • 1687 Fighting in the main army in the battle of Mohács (on the Harsány mountain). Four squadrons moved from under the dune forest to Slavonia
  • 1688 Siege and capture of Belgrade
  • 1689 raid against Zwornik in Bosnia, battles near Batočina and Nissa
  • In 1690 the regiment was part of the troops posted at Karansebes in Transylvania to connect with the corps
  • 1691 Battle of Slankamen
  • 1692 Skirmish Gyula and siege of Grosswardein
  • 1693–1696 In Lower Hungary mostly in the main army
  • Relocated to the Rhine for a short time in 1697. Battle near Ebernbach, then back to Hungary
  • 1698 In the main army, train against Temesvár

War of the Spanish Succession

  • 1701 : The regiment was commanded to Italy. Capture of Carpi and battle at Chiari. Detachments took part in the battles at Rontoglio, Cassano d'Adda, Pizzighettone and the Fossa Mantovana under Lieutenant Colonel Count Mercy .
  • 1702 : A detachment took part in the raid on Cremona. The regiment fought in the battle of Luzzara
  • 1703: In the main army on the Po on patrol and patrol duty
  • 1704: Three squadrons moved with the Starhemberg corps to Piedmont and took part in a battle near Prarolo. The squadrons remaining in Lombardy took part in the retreat to Tyrol
  • 1705: The latter squadrons fought at Cassano, the parts of the regiment remaining in Piedmont stood in the camp at Chivasso-Crescentino and took part in a battle at Brandizzo
  • 1706: The regiment fought in the Battle of Turin and was involved in the capture of Pavia involved
  • 1707: Train to Provence, siege of Toulon
  • 1708: Standing in Northern Italy, a detachment took part in the expedition against Fenestrelles
  • 1709: Relocation to Germany. Heavy losses in the battle near Rumersheim
  • 1710/11: In the association of the Reichsarmee, no combat activity
  • 1712: Relocated to the Spanish Netherlands . Siege of Le Quesnoy
  • 1713: Assigned to the Imperial Army. No combat activity

Venetian-Austrian Turkish War

War of the Polish Succession

  • 1734/35 In the association of the Reichsarmee

Russo-Austrian Turkish War (1736–1739)

  • 1737 fighting at Timok and Radujewac
  • 1738 Battle at Kornia
  • 1739 The regiment suffered great losses in the Battle of Grocka

War of the Austrian Succession

Seven Years War

War of the Bavarian Succession

  • 1778–79 patrol and patrol service with the main army in Bohemia. No combat activity

→ coalition wars

  • 1792 patrol and security services in Breisgau . No combat activity
  • 1793 Seconded to the army on the Rhine. Detachments were in action at Reichshofen, Dauendorf, Neuburg, Gamshaimb and Pfaffenhofen
  • 1794 Battle near Mannheim
  • 1795 Before Mannheim. A division in action at Schriesheim, the regiment fought with distinction at Handschuhsheim
  • 1796 fights of individual departments near Ettlingen and Cannstatt , later near Geisenfeld, Emmendingen and Schliengen.
  • 1797 Battles near Diersheim-Honau and on the Rench
  • 1799 fighting near Ostrach and Stockach , then remained with the troops on the Rhine in front of Mannheim
  • In 1800 the regiment took part in the battle of Möskirch, the battles near Dillingen on the Danube , Ingolstadt and Neuburg
  • 1805 Participation in the battle of Elchingen in the Wereck corps . After the surrender of Trochtellingen and Ulm ( Battle of Ulm ), most of the regiment became a prisoner of war. A few scattered detachments succeeded in joining the corps of Archduke Ferdinand and escaping to Austria
  • 1809 In the 1st Army Reserve Corps. Fights near Eggmühl (Egloffsheim) and Regensburg . Participation in the Battle of Aspern and the Battle of Wagram . Battle near Tesswitz ( Znaim )
Battle of Dresden 1813

Wars of Liberation

Reign of the Hundred Days

  • 1815 Patrol and security services in France

Revolution of 1848/1849 in the Austrian Empire

  • 1848 Two divisions were initially deployed to suppress the uprising in Prague. Then the entire regiment moved under the command of Field Marshal Prince Windisch-Graetz before Vienna, where it was involved in the battle near Schwechat . Then the unit marched to Hungary and fought in the battle near Parndorf
  • 1849 Seconded to the Schlick Corps, parts of the regiment took part in the battles near Eperies, Füge, the attack on Pétervásár, and the battle near Sirok. The regiment also fought with distinction at Verpeléth-Kápolna, Mezö-Kövesd, Hatvan and Isaszeg. Then it was sent to siege troops in front of Komorn . There it remained until the end of the fighting without further combat activities.

German war

  • 1866 Divided into the 3rd Reserve Cavalry Division with five squadrons, the regiment fought at Königgrätz and in the battle of Königgrätz . It was here that the cavalry regiments suffered the greatest losses.

Association membership and status in July 1914

X Corps - 6th Cavalry Division
5th Cavalry Brigade
Nationalities: 58% Czech - 42% various
Garrison : Staff :, I. Div: Jaroslau - II. Div: Radymno
Commanding officer: Colonel Viktor Bauer von Bauernthal
Regimental language: Czech

First World War

  • During the First World War, the dragoons were exposed to a wide variety of uses. At first they fought as cavalry in the regimental unit, but were also used as infantry in all theaters of war.

Whereabouts

After the so-called successor states of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy declared their independence in October 1918, the soldiers of the respective new nationality were called on by their interim governments to stop the fighting and return home. As a rule, this request was obeyed by the Czech and other non-German teams in the regiment. (Under constitutional law, this also applied to the German-Bohemian soldiers, as they were suddenly Czechoslovak citizens. The extent to which they complied with this request is no longer comprehensible, but it should have been the exception.) The returned German-Austrian dragoons became the Tribe of regiment maintained. It was now called "Field Marshal Montecuccoli" No. 2 Dragoon Regiment . The regiment's headquarters were in Enns.

After Austria was annexed to the German Reich , the regiment was dissolved in 1938 and a part of the 11th Cavalry Regiment of the German Wehrmacht was formed from the personnel .

Uniform of the regiment

Cuirassier Regiment K 2

1738: white skirt, red lapels
1765 (1767): white skirt and trousers, ponceau red leveling , white buttons

Cürassier Regiment No. 6

1798: white skirt, scarlet equalization, white trousers, yellow buttons
1850: white tunic , scarlet equalization, light blue pantaloons, yellow buttons

Dragoon Regiment No. 8

from 1868: light blue tunic, scarlet equalization, madder red ankle trousers, yellow buttons

structure

A regiment in the Austro-Hungarian Cavalry usually consisted of three to four (in exceptional cases more) divisions. A division in battalion strength was referred to here. The correct division was called the Infantry or Cavalry Troop Division. Each division had three squadrons , each of which consisted of two companies . The number of riders in the individual sub-units fluctuated, but was usually around 80 riders per company.

The individual divisions were named after their formal leaders:

  • The 1st Division was the Colonel Division.
  • The 2nd division was the lieutenant colonel (lieutenant colonel) division
  • the 3rd division was the majors division
  • the 4th division was the 2nd majors division
  • the 5th division (if any) was the 3rd majors division

With the army reform begun by Emperor Joseph II , the company structure within the cavalry was abandoned.

In the course of the army reform of 1860, the cavalry regiments, which at that time consisted of three divisions, were reduced to two divisions.

Due to the constant renaming, the regimental histories of the Austro-Hungarian cavalry are very difficult to follow. In addition, there is the constant and apparently arbitrary, sometimes multiple reclassification of the associations. (For example: Kuk Bohemian Dragoon Regiment "Prince of Windisch-Graetz" No. 14 )

See also

Commons : Uniforms of the Austrian Cavalry 1762  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

  • Johann Christoph Allmayer-Beck & Erich Lessing: The K. (below) K. Army 1848–1914 Bertelsmann, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-570-07287-8 .
  • Hans Bleckwenn : The Empress's Regiments: Thoughts on the Albertina Manuscript 1762 of the Army History Museum Vienna ; in: Writings of the Heeresgeschichtliches Museum in Vienna, Volume 3: Maria Theresa - Contributions to the history of the army of her time; Graz, Vienna, Cologne 1967. pp. 25-53.
  • Hans Bleckwenn : Horsemen, Hussars and Grenadiers. d. Uniforms d. emperor. Army on the Rhine 1734 . Harenberg, Dortmund 1979. ISBN 3-88379-125-3 ; P. 17 ff.
  • Hermann Meynert : History of the KK Austrian Army, its formation and organization, as well as its fate, actions and campaigns, from the earliest to the present time . C. Gerold and Son, Vienna 1854. online at google books
  • Osprey Military, No. 271, Reprint 1999.
  • Austrian military history, special volume 1997, Verlag Stöhr Vienna.
  • Georg Tessin : The regiments of the European states in the Ancien Régime des XVI. to XVIII. Century ; 3 volumes; Biblio Verlag: Osnabrück 1986–1995. ISBN 3-7648-1763-1 . P. 152 ff.
  • Alphons von Wrede: The history of the kuk Wehrmacht . The regiments, corps, branches and establishments from 1618 to the end of the XIX. Century. Vienna 1898–1905. Part III, Part 1 Cavalry, Part 2 Disbanded troops on horseback. Directory of regiment chiefs at the Wrede plant (PDF; 325 kB)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ From 1798 to 1801 the later Dragoon Regiment No. 11 , until 1860 the later disbanded Dragoon Regiment Hereditary Grand Duke of Toscana carried the designation Dragoon Regiment No. 8.
  2. ^ Ticino 1986 vol. 1:40.
  3. ↑ Bleckwenn .
  4. ↑ according to “Announcement of the Quartermaster's Department” of Army Group Command FM. Archduke Eugen / Q.Op. No. 665/15. Issued by the field post office 512.