Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav
| Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Praha-východ | ||||
| Area : | 2267 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 11 ′ N , 14 ° 40 ′ E | ||||
| Height: | 169 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 19,136 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 250 01 | ||||
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| Railway connection: | Kolín – Děčín | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 3 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Ondřej Přenosil (as of 2006) | ||||
| Address: | Masarykovo náměstí 1/6 25001 Brandýs n.Labem-Stará Boleslav 1 |
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| Municipality number: | 538094 | ||||
| Website : | www.brandysko.cz | ||||
| Location of Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav in the Praha-východ district | |||||
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Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav (German Brandeis on the Elbe-Altbunzlau ) is a town in Okres Praha-východ in the Czech Republic . It belongs to the Středočeský kraj region .
The twin city
The twin city was created in 1960 through the merger of two originally independent cities. However, the history of the two parts, Brandýs nad Labem ( Brandeis ) and Stará Boleslav ( Altbunzlau ), is different. Although both parts experienced a different cultural and historical development and the Elbe separates them from one another, they grew into a complex and the city administration always represents the interests of both parts. This fact was also confirmed by a referendum held in 1998, where the majority of citizens spoke out against the separation of the two parts.
history
Brandýs nad Labem
Brandeis emerged as a market town around the year 1300. It was founded on the Lausitz - Prague trade route . In contrast to the Catholic Altbunzlau, Brandeis was also open to other creeds. In the place of today's castle there was originally a weir bridge fortress on a ledge above the Elbe . This fortress was founded by the Michalovice family , who owned it until 1420. This was followed by the noble families of Cimburk , Šemberk and Kraiger von Kraigk . The latter made great contributions to the development of the city.
After Konrad Kraiger von Kraigk was involved in the Bohemian class uprising of 1547, Brandeis fell to the Roman-German king and later Emperor Ferdinand I. With the help of Italian builders, Ferdinand had the castle converted into a Renaissance palace. Emperor Rudolf II , who made Brandeis a royal chamber town in 1581, often stayed in the palace.
On January 19, 1628, Emperor Ferdinand II issued a certificate at Brandýs Castle, with which he deposed the Dukes of Mecklenburg and initially pledged Wallenstein , and on June 16, 1629 inherited Brandeis.
One of the extraordinary events in Brandeis in 1813 was the meeting of three rulers, the Austrian Emperor Franz I and the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. (Prussia) and the Russian Tsar Alexander I together with the Commander-in-Chief during the coalition wars , Prince Schwarzenberg . There they discussed the joint action against Napoleon I. In 1860 Leopold II from the Tuscan family of the Habsburgs bought the castle.
Stará Boleslav
Altbunzlau is about four centuries older than Brandeis. It was originally an early medieval Přemyslid fortress , which was built at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries. One of the first Přemyslid rulers, St. Wenceslaus , was murdered there on September 28, 935 by his brother Boleslav . The forests around Altbunzlau were a popular hunting ground in the Middle Ages. Emperor Charles IV also stayed there often. He had the old castle fortifications from the 10th century replaced by a new stone wall with two gates, one of which has been preserved. The Hussite Wars , in which most of the buildings burned down, were a dark period for Altbunzlau . Since then the importance of the place has decreased. Only in the middle of the 16th century with the Jesuits did the city flourish again. There they created the palladium cult of the Bohemian lands. The respect for this palladium was so great that tens of thousands of pilgrims took part in the pilgrimages . Great damage was caused in the Thirty Years War . The city was occupied first by Sweden , then by Saxony . During this time the palladium was also stolen; it was later bought back. During the Austro-Prussian War , part of Altbunzlau fell victim to conflagration in 1757. The Prussian General von Wartenberg , who is buried there , fell in the Battle of Bunzlau .
City structure
The town of Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav consists of the districts Brandýs nad Labem ( Brandeis ), Popovice ( Popowitz ) and Stará Boleslav ( Altbunzlau ) as well as the locality Vrábí ( Wrabi ).
Attractions
Brandýs nad Labem
- Brandýs nad Labem Castle
- Castle garden
- The mill with eleven mill wheels is one of the largest in Bohemia
- Stone bridge (1603) with the statue of St. John Nepomuk
- Baroque brewery built by Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer
- Laurentiuskirche from the 14th century with Gothic frescoes
- Gothic St. Peters Church on Vyšší Hrádek hill
- Church of the Conversion of St. Paul (1541/42) built by Matte Borgorelli
- Piaristic seminar
- synagogue
- Jewish cemetery , one of the oldest in the Czech Republic
- Renaissance - Henkershaus
Brandýs nad Labem Castle
The town hall
St. Wenceslas Basilica and St. Clement Church (left) in Stará Boleslav
Church of the Assumption of Mary
Stará Boleslav
- St. Wenceslas Basilica; Group of statues in the St. Wenceslas Basilica by Josef Malinský ;
- Early Baroque Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary from 1613 by the builder Jacoppo de Vaccani . In the 18th century a cloister and the second southern tower were built around the church by the builder Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer . A path lined with 44 small chapels led to him from Prague. They were created around 1680. High altar of the Assumption Church by Matthias Bernhard Braun
- Canons' houses
- Dean's office
- Former provost house
- Chapel of Blessed Podiven
- Imperial inn Slawischer Hof
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Wenceslas of Bohemia (around 908–929 or 935), Bohemian and Czech national saint
- Johann Giskra (around 1400–1469 / 1470), Bohemian nobleman and initially general of the Hussites
- Jan Tesánek (1728–1788), Czech scholar and author of scientific literature
- Anton Adalbert Hnogek (1799–1866), Bohemian theologian, clergyman and writer
- Justin Václav Prášek (1853–1924), ancient orientalist
- Gustav Mahr (1858–1930), military bandmaster and composer
- Douglas von Bigot de Saint-Quentin (1899-1982), entomologist
- Sammy Vomáčka (real name Jiří Vomáčka ) (* 1946), guitarist
- Jiří Kulhánek (* 1967), author of the genre science fiction and fantasy literature
- David Rikl (* 1971), tennis player
- Pavel Hrdlička (* 1973), film editor and musician
- Petr Lukáš (* 1978), football player
Other personalities
- Jan Niger de Praga (around 1500 / 1510–1565), historian, priest, administrator and bishop of the Brethren University , received his priestly training in Brandeis
- Wenceslaus Hajek von Libotschan († 1553), Bohemian chronicler of the Middle Ages, became provost of the chapter in Altbunzlau in 1544
- Franz Ignatz Cassian Hallaschka (1780–1847), Moravian naturalist, mathematician, physicist and astronomer, was provost in Altbunzlau
- Ludwig Salvator of Austria-Tuscany (1847–1915), Archduke of Austria and Tuscany
- Maria Theresa of Austria-Tuscany (1862–1933) , Archduchess of Austria
- Charles I (1887–1922), Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, spent several years in Brandýs as a young adult.
