Jaroslaw

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Jaroslaw
Jarosław coat of arms
Jarosław (Poland)
Jaroslaw
Jaroslaw
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Subcarpathian
Powiat : Jaroslaw
Area : 34.46  km²
Geographic location : 50 ° 1 '  N , 22 ° 41'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 1 '8 "  N , 22 ° 41' 0"  E
Residents : 37,585
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Postal code : 37-500 to 37-505
Telephone code : (+48) 16
License plate : RJA
Economy and Transport
Street : E 40 Przemyśl - Rzeszów
Rail route : Wroclaw - Medyka
Next international airport : Rzeszów-Jasionka
Gmina
Gminatype: Borough
Surface: 34.46 km²
Residents: 37,585
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 1091 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 1804011
Administration (as of 2015)
Mayor : Waldemar Paluch
Address: Rynek 1
37-500 Jarosław
Website : www.jaroslaw.pl



Jarosław in 1846
The town hall

Jarosław ( German Jaroslau ) is a city in Poland in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship . The place is the seat of the Powiat Jarosławski .

history

The first settlements on the site of today's Jarosław probably existed as early as the Bronze or Iron Ages .

The likely founder of the castle was the Kiev prince Jaroslaw the Wise , after he undertook a campaign against Poland in the years 1030-1031 and recaptured the Rotburgenland for the Kievan Rus . The first documented mention of a permanent settlement can be found in the Old Russian chronicles in 1152. Jarosław belonged to the Principality of Galicia of the Kievan Rus at that time , but the area was often fought over between Hungary , Poland and the Rus. The city with its castle was on an important trade route between the Black Sea and Western Europe .

In 1323 the settlement was granted city rights , and in 1375 it was changed to Magdeburg law . The conquests of Casimir the Great incorporated the city into the Polish kingdom in 1340. In 1387 the town became the property of the Tarnowski family , the importance of the town increased, and crafts and trade flourished. At that time the town hall , the castle and a church were built . A parish school was opened in the 15th century and a protective wall with a watchtower was built in 1523.

The city's heyday was in the 16th and early 17th centuries. Up to 30,000 people attended the annual fair , and there was extensive trade via a small port on the right bank of the San (including Denmark , Finland and England ). The Jesuits built a church in 1571 and a college in 1574. In 1587 a wooden aqueduct was built, it led from the south of the city to the market, the castle and the Jesuit monastery. In 1600 a great fire raged. In 1611 the Benedictines founded a monastery.

The trade brought in epidemics again and again , the worst was the plague epidemic in 1622. In 1623 and 1624 violent attacks by the Tatars devastated the surrounding area, Jarosław himself was spared thanks to his strong fortifications. In 1625, a major fire destroyed large parts of the city, killing 300 people. Contemporary sources speak of 10 million zloty destroyed goods, which also shows the great importance and wealth of the city. In 1632 the aqueduct was expanded.

During the Swedish-Polish War , the Swedes looted and devastated the city for two weeks, the liberating Polish troops continued to plunder because they had not received any pay. The battles against the Swedes, the Cossacks (attack 1649) and Turks and the frequent raids by the Tatars (e.g. 1672) led towards the end of the heyday of Jarosław towards the end of the 17th century.

In the course of the first partition of Poland , the city came under the rule of Austria in May 1772 . From 1846 it was no longer under private ownership, so it became a free city and received a new coat of arms. After an administrative reform, Jarosław became the seat of the district administration of Jaroslau in 1850 and remained that way until 1918. In 1860 it was connected to the rail network with direct connections to Kraków and Przemyśl . In 1900 the city was equipped with gas lamps . A fire in 1914 destroyed the historical Jesuit college.

The First World War brought the city heavy destruction and the death of numerous residents, as the eastern front against Russia temporarily ran in the immediate vicinity of the San . In 1918 Jarosław fell to the now independent Poland . In 1928 the city was connected to the power grid .

The Second World War began for Jarosław with a German air raid on 9/10. September 1939 the Wehrmacht reached the city. Around 10,000 Jews fell victim to the Holocaust in and around the city in the following years . In July 1944, German troops withdrew from the city in front of the advancing Red Army .

In 1975 the city lost its county seat status and became part of the Przemyśl Voivodeship . In 1999 the city was given this function back and became part of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship .

Population development

year population
16th century 3,000
1880 12,000
1900 22,000
1910 24,300
2000 41,814
2005 40,253

Gmina

  • The city of Jarosław forms a municipality ( gmina miejska ).
  • The independent rural community ( gmina wiejska ) Jarosław has an area of ​​114 km². It includes 13 localities with a Schulzenamt.

Architectural monuments

Town twinning

economy

One of the largest Jaroslaw companies based in Jaroslaw is a glass factory owned by the American Owens-Illinois group . There are also production facilities for Lefèvre-Utile and the Sokołów meat processing plant .

sons and daughters of the town

See also

Web links

Commons : Jarosław  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed on December 24, 2019 .
  2. ^ Website of the city, Burmistrz Miasta , accessed on March 13, 2015
  3. ^ Reichsgesetzblatt of October 8, 1850, No. 383, page 1741
  4. ^ A memorial plaque for the murdered Jews was unveiled in Jarosław. ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sztetl.org.pl