Pardubice

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Pardubice
Coat of arms of Pardubice
Pardubice (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Historical part of the country : Bohemia
Region : Pardubický kraj
District : Pardubice
Area : 8266 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 2 '  N , 15 ° 47'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 2 '19 "  N , 15 ° 46' 49"  E
Height: 237  m nm
Residents : 90,688 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 530 02
License plate : E.
traffic
Street: I / 2 , I / 36 , I / 37
Railway connection: Česká Třebová – Praha
Pardubice – Liberec
Havlíčkův Brod – Pardubice
Next international airport : Pardubice airport
structure
Status: Statutory city
Districts: 8 districts
27 districts
administration
Lord Mayor : Martin Charvát (as of 2018)
Address: Pernštýnské nám. 1
530 21 Pardubice
Municipality number: 555134
Website : www.pardubice.eu
Location of Pardubice in the Pardubice district
map
main square
Main square at night
Green gate
Main square of the old town of Pardubice
St. Bartholomew's Church in Pardubice

Pardubice ( pronunciation ? / I ; German Pardubice ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It lies on the Elbe and is known for the Pardubice steeplechase . Its most important attraction is the Pardubice Castle, built in the Renaissance style . The University of Pardubice is located in the city . Audio file / audio sample  

geography

The city of Pardubice is a good 100 km east of the capital Prague at the confluence of the Chrudimka with the Elbe . The city is located in the area of ​​the Elbe lowlands with an average altitude of 225 m. The area mostly consists of lowlands. The nearby Kunětická hora is an exception .

history

Pardubice was first mentioned in 1295. At that time there was a small settlement around a monastery on the site of today's city center. Before 1332 Ernst d. Ä. from Hostin (Arnošt z Hostýně starši) the settlement. Together with his wife Adlička, he donated the village of Pardubičky from his property to the Cyriakus Order of the Knights of the Cross with the red heart at the Pardubice Church of St. Bartholomew. Before 1340 he raised Pardubitz to town, after which his sons of Pardubitz were named. Ernst d. Ä. only used the predicates "de Hostina" or "de Stará" . After his death in 1342 the rule of Pardubitz fell to the third eldest son Smil von Pardubitz. Since he was not yet of legal age, he was under the tutelage of his eldest brother, the first Prague archbishop Ernst von Pardubitz . After Smils death in 1358 the rule of Pardubitz fell to the youngest brother Vilém / Wilhelm. He was followed in 1390 by his son Smil Flaška von Pardubitz , who died in 1404.

From the end of the 14th century the town's owners changed several times, from 1490 it was owned by the von Pernštejn family , who had the castle built. Jaroslav von Pernstein had to sell the town and castle to Emperor Ferdinand I in 1560 ; from this time Pardubice was a royal city. Administratively, the city belonged to the Chrudimer district .

After the abolition of patrimonial , the city became the seat of the judicial district of Pardubice . Emperor Franz Joseph I pledged the kk camera rule Pardubitz in 1855 as a government bond to the Oesterreichische Nationalbank , which sold the rule on June 25, 1863 to the kk privileged Österreichische Credit-Anstalt für Handel und Gewerbe. In 1866 the industrialist Heinrich Drasche acquired the rule. In 1868 the city became a district town and seat of the Pardubitz district . On June 18, 1881 Richard von Drasche-Wartinberg bought the manors of Pardubitz and Kunětická Hora for 2,080,000 guilders from his father's inheritance. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia , the Bohemian real estate Drasche-Wartinberg was expropriated on June 16, 1919 on the basis of Act No. 215/1919 Sb on the confiscation of large estates. From 1920 to 1927 Pardubice was the seat of a county ( Pardubická župa ).

After the German occupation , the city became the seat of an upper district council from September 1, 1939, which included the political districts of Chrudim , Hohenmauth , Leitomischl , Pardubitz and Politschka . During the Second World War, plans arose to expand the city, which had around 35,000 inhabitants and an area of ​​1900 ha, into an area, industrial and traffic center in Velké Pardubice with the aim of expanding the city into a large city in the future . Therefore carried out at the decision of the Interior Ministry of 21 September 1943, the merger of Pardubice, Rybitví , Blatnikovská Lhota , Doubravice, Rosice nad Labem, Ohrazenice, Trnová, Staré Hradiště , Svítkov , Popkovice , Stare Jesenčany , Nové Jesenčany , Pardubičky, Nemošice , Studánka and Spojil . As a result, the urban area expanded to 6,000 hectares and the population grew to around 50,000. In 1944 the city was bombed three times. After the end of the war, in May 1945, local national committees (MNV) were established in the compulsorily incorporated towns ; the incorporations were to be maintained through voluntary amalgamation agreements, since all territorial and administrative structures created during the German occupation were repealed by Decree No. 121/1945 Sb . After the desired agreements were not reached with all MNVs, the Ministry of the Interior decided on April 6, 1946 to keep Pardubice, Ohrazenice, Staré Hradiště, Nové Jesenčany, Blatnikovská Lhota, Doubravice, Nemošice, Ohrazenice, Pardubičky, Popkovice, Rosice nad Labem Rybitví, Spojil, Svítkov, Studánka and Trnová as one administrative unit. Staré Jesenčany became independent again. After the February overthrow of 1948, the official merger of Pardubice, Doubravice, Staré Hradiště, Nové Jesenčany, Blatnikovská Lhota, Nemošice, Ohrazenice, Pardubičky, Popkovice, Rosice nad Labem, Staré Hradiště, Spojil, Svítkovice and Svítkovice the above 15 districts. In the course of the administrative reform of 1948, the city became the seat of the Pardubický kraj , from 1960 to 2000 it was part of the Východočeský kraj with its seat in Hradec Králové . On February 1, 1949 Velké Pardubice had 44,337 inhabitants.

In June 1949 the town was reorganized into nine districts: Pardubice I (inner city), Pardubice II (Karanténa, Skřivánek, Jesničánky , Nové Jesenčany, Nové Nemošice), Pardubice III (Bílé Předměstí, Studánka, Spojil), Pardubany IV (Pardubany IV) Pardubičky, Nemošice), Pardubice V (Přerovsko, Svítkov, Popkovice), Pardubice VI (Rosice nad Labem), Pardubice VII (Rybitví, Blatníkovská Lhotka, Semtín), Pardubice VIII (Trnová, Ohrazenice) and Pardubice VIII (Trnová, Ohrazenice, Douard Havébravět Cihelna). In 1954 the Velké Pardubice project was dropped; Doubravice, Staré Hradiště (with Cihelna), Blatnikovská Lhota, Nemošice, Ohrazenice, Popkovice, Rosice nad Labem, Rybitví, Spojil, Svítkov and Trnová became independent again. Only Nové Jesenčany, Pardubičky and Studánka remained as districts in the city. In 1960 Cihelna and Spojil were incorporated again, in 1963 by Trnová and Svítkov (with Popkovice), 1975 by Rosice nad Labem, in 1976 by Černá za Bory (with Drozdice , Mnětice, Staročernsko and Žižín), Semtín (with Doubravice and Ohrazen ), Dražkovice, Nemošice, and Staré Čívice and 1986 by Lány na Důlku (with Opočínek , Srnojedy and Krchleby ). After the Velvet Revolution, Spojil (1992) and Srnojedy (1994) broke up and formed their own congregation. Hostovice was incorporated in 2007.

Community structure

The town of Pardubice consists of 8 districts, 27 districts and 89 basic settlement units. The urban area is divided into 20 cadastral districts.

district Districts Basic settlement units Cadastral districts
Pardubice I Bílé Předměstí, Pardubice-Staré Město, Zámek, Zelené Předměstí Horní polabina, Labská, Ležánka, Na Haldě, Na Spořilově, Na špici, Pardubice-Staré Město, Střed, U kostelíčka, Zámek, Zelené Předměstí, Zimní stadion, Židov Pardubice
Pardubice II Cihelna, Polabiny Cihelna, Fáblovka-sever, Fáblovka-východ, Na slepých ramenech, Nová Cihelna, Pardubice-sever, Polabiny I, Polabiny II, Polabiny III, Polabiny IV, Polabiny V, Stavařov Pardubice
Pardubice III Bílé Předměstí, Studánka Dubina-jih, Hůrka, Na Drážce-východ, Na Drážce-západ, Nová Hůrka, Nový Svět, Osada Hůrka, Pipenec, Sídliště Dubina, Slovany, Studánka, Velký les u Sezemic, Věznice Studánka
Pardubice IV Bílé Předměstí, Černá za Bory, Drozdice , Mnětice, Nemošice , Pardubičky, Staročernsko , Studánka , Žižín Černá za Bory, Drozdice, Drozdice-průmyslový obvod, Mnětice, Nemocnice, Nemošice, Pardubičky, Pardubičky-průmyslový obvod, Staročernsko, Studánka-průmyslový obvod Černá za Bory, Drozdice, Mnětice, Nemošice, Pardubičky, Staročernsko
Pardubice V Dražkovice, Nové Jesenčany , Zelené Předměstí Dražkovice, Dukla, Jesničánky , Na spravedlnosti, Nové Jesenčany, Obchodní a výrobní areál, Pod vinicí, Skřivánek, U krematoria, U Vinice, Višňovka, Zavadilka, Zborovské náměstí Dražkovice, Nové Jesenčany, Pardubice
Pardubice VI Lány na Důlku , Opočínek , Popkovice , Staré Čívice , Svítkov , Zelené Předměstí Lány na Důlku, Opočínek, Popkovice, Průmyslová zóna Staré Čívice, Staré Čívice, Svítkov, Svítkov-průmyslový obvod, Za závodištěm, Zadní polabina, Závodiště, Zubelenobranská Lány na Důlku, Opočínek, Popkovice, Staré Čívice, Svítkov
Pardubice VII Doubravice, Ohrazenice, Rosice, Semtín, Trnová Doubravice, Fáblovka-západ, Kréta, Nová Trnová, Obchodní zóna Trnová, Ohrazenice, Prutina, Rosice, Semtín-jih, Semtín-sever, Trnová, U Polabin IV Ohrazenice, Rosice nad Labem, Semtín, Trnová
Pardubice VIII Hostovice Hostovice Hostovice u Pardubic

Events

Since 1874, the Velká Pardubická (Pardubice Steeplechase) horse race, notorious for its numerous falls, has been held annually in Pardubice (usually in the middle of October) , the toughest horse race on the European continent.

In 2006 and 2010 the European Championships of Young Riders Eventing took place in Pardubice. In addition, the amateur European chess championship takes place every year in July in the ice rink with over 1700 participants.

economy

Pardubice is an industrial center with chemical, electrotechnical and machine industries (Synthesie Pardubice) , the manufacturer of the explosives Semtex (Explosia Semtin) , the refinery PARAMO as belonging to Unipetrol , the electrotechnical Taiwanese company Foxconn , the automotive supplier Kiekert (in Prelouc, about 10 km away ) and Panasonic, a manufacturing facility of Andrew Corporation .

Companies in the chemical industry are Paramo and Explosia-Synthesia, which was founded in Pardubice-Semtín as a company specializing in explosives. In the 1960s in particular, this area and the Synthesia factory experienced an upswing. Synthesia, as is one of the leading Czech companies in the production of cellulose, pigments and dyes as well as organic compounds. Synthesia is also an exporter in particular to the EU countries and is also linked with the invention of the explosive Semtex. Paramo emerged from the Fanto factory founded in 1889 . Paramo was one of the largest companies of its kind in the republic until 2012, but during the year the shareholder decided to cut production and the future of Paramo is uncertain.

In the plant of Explosia Semtin there was an explosion in 2011 with 4 deaths and several injuries and in 2019 injuries again due to an explosion.

Cultural monuments

The historic city center with numerous Renaissance houses and monuments worth seeing was declared an urban monument reserve in 1964 .

Attractions

  • Castle with the East Bohemian Museum
  • Green Gate (Zelená brána) or Prague Gate with the remains of the city fortifications
  • Pernstein-Platz (ring) with
    • town hall
    • Mariensäule (plague column)
    • Jonas House (Dům U Jonáše)
    • White Horse House (Dům U Bílého koníčka)
    • House of the Golden Sheep (Dům U Zlatého beránka)
    • Austrian House (Oesterreicherův dům)
    • Werner House
    • Europe House
  • St. Bartholomew Church
  • Church of the Annunciation
  • Church of Our Lady of Sorrows
  • Church of St. John the Baptist
  • City Theatre
  • Stone Villa (Kamenná vila)
  • Automatic mills (Winternitz mills)
  • crematorium

In 1995 the Railway Museum Rosice nad Labem was established .

Education

The University of Pardubice has seven faculties and one university institute - the Center for Materials Research. 10,500 students study at the university in 66 study programs with almost 130 subjects. In addition to teaching, the university participates u. a. also in scientific and research activities. The students can choose from the Bachelor, Magister or PhD study programs.

Transport infrastructure

Škoda 30Tr SOR trolleybus (2016)
Chvaletice port , today the provisional upper end of the Elbe shipping
  • Pardubice is located on the Česká Třebová – Praha railway line in the course of the Pan-European Transport Corridor IV and TEN Corridor No. 22. In addition, a line branches off here in a northerly direction to Hradec Králové and Liberec .
  • The D11 motorway , which connects Prague with Hradec Králové and is to be extended towards the Giant Mountains and southern Poland , runs around 20 km north of Pardubice .
  • In the south-west of the city, in the Popkovice district, there is a public international airport , which was initially created as a military airfield , but has been used in mixed operation for both civil and military purposes for a few years . Until 2006 only charter companies flew to the airport; since 2007 there have been regular flight connections to Moscow and Saint Petersburg in addition to summer charter traffic .
  • The municipal transport company (DPMP = Dopravní podnik města Pardubic) operate an extensive network of trolley buses and buses .
    • The use of trolleybuses in Pardubice began in 1952 with a single line. In 2018 the trolleybuses are on the move on 11 routes. More than 50 vehicles are used. Based on different types of vehicles from different manufacturers, all of them received their electrical equipment from Škoda.
    • Buses have been in regular service since 1950.
  • Pardubice is the uppermost place up to which the Elbe is navigable (according to other information until shortly below Pardubice).

Sports

The ice hockey club HC Pardubice plays in the Extraliga and won the championship title in 1972/73, 1986/87, 1988/89, 2004/05, 2009/10 and 2011/12. The club plays in the ČEZ Aréna (formerly Duhová Aréna). The first ice hockey game in Pardubice took place on Lake Matiční jezero in 1913 and the first ice hockey club under the name LTC Pardubice was founded in 1923. In 2011 Pardubice became famous for the open-air Extraliga competition against Kometa Brno .

The Pardubice Steeplechase (Race) Velká Pardubická is considered the most difficult horse race in Europe and the second most difficult in the world. It has been held at the racecourse every fall since 1874. The most famous jockey is Josef Váňa , who won this race several times. The first winner of the Pardubitzer Steeplechase was the stallion Fantome. The racecourse measures 6,900 meters and has 31 obstacles. The horses complete the race within 10 minutes.

The Golden Helmet (Zlatá přilba) of the town of Pardubice is an annual prestige speedway race. The first race was held in 1929 and makes the Golden Helmet the oldest speedway race in the world. The race has an international line-up of participants from Poland, Germany, Denmark, the Netherlands, England and the USA.

Also Basketball has a high priority in the city. The BK Pardubice plays in the top basketball league Czech Republic, Mattoni NBL and regularly participates in the European Cup. It is one of the most successful clubs in the country. Jiří Welsch , who was active in the North American NBA , also played for Pardubice .

The Czech Open are the largest chess tournament in the world. In addition to chess, scrabble , bridge , poker and marias are also played here. The festival was sponsored in 2011 by the President of the Czech Republic Václav Klaus , the Captain of the Pardubice Region Radko Martínek and the Mayor of Pardubice Štěpánka Fraňková.

The Pardubická juniorka tennis tournament is the Czech championship for the older generation. It has been taking place on the tennis courts of the LTC Pardubice since 1926 . The winners include Ivan Lendl , Martina Navratilova , Petra Kvitová and Tomáš Berdych .

In comparison to other sports, football plays a subordinate role in the city. A team from Pardubice has never played in the top Czech league. SK Pardubice, which was dissolved in 1960, was first class in what was then Czechoslovakia (1937/38 and 1938/39) and then in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (1939–1944) and in the post-war season 1945/46. In 2012, FK Pardubice was promoted to the 2nd division .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities who worked in the place

  • Jiří Bartoška (* 1947), Czech actor, spent his youth here
  • Vojtěch Cach (1914–1980), Czech writer and playwright
  • Jan Gebauer (1838–1907), Czech linguist and literary historian, taught at the secondary school
  • Vladimír Páral (* 1932), Czech writer, studied chemical engineering here

Town twinning

Pardubice lists the following fifteen twin cities :

city country since Type
Bełchatów POL Bełchatów COA.svg PolandPoland Łódź, Poland 2013 City friendship
Çanakkale Çanakkale Logo.svg TurkeyTurkey Marmara, Turkey 2012 Twin town
Doetinchem Coat of arms of Doetinchem.svg NetherlandsNetherlands Gelderland, Netherlands 1992 Twin town
East Lothian United KingdomUnited Kingdom Scotland, United Kingdom City friendship
Golegã GLG.png PortugalPortugal Alentejo, Portugal City friendship
Jerez de la Frontera Coat of Arms of Jerez de la Frontera, svg SpainSpain Andalusia, Spain City friendship
Meran Meran CoA.png ItalyItaly Trentino Alto Adige, Italy 2000 Twin town
Pernik Pernik-coat-of-arms.svg BulgariaBulgaria Bulgaria 2008 Twin town
Rosignano Marittimo Rosignano Marittimo-Stemma.png ItalyItaly Tuscany, Italy 1965 Twin town
Schönebeck Schoenebeck coat of arms.png GermanyGermany Saxony-Anhalt, Germany 1993 Twin town
Same DEU Selb COA.svg GermanyGermany Bayern Germany 1991 Twin town
Sežana Coat of Arms of Sezana.png SloveniaSlovenia Slovenia City friendship
Skellefteå Skellefteå vapen.svg SwedenSweden Västerbotten, Sweden 1968 Twin town
Vysoké Tatry Coat of arms of Vysoké Tatry.png SlovakiaSlovakia Prešov, Slovakia 2004 City friendship
Commodity Wapen waregem.jpg BelgiumBelgium West Flanders, Belgium 2008 City friendship

Trivia

Bernhard Horstmann , alias Stefan Murr, has set large parts of his novel Until all shine extinguished in Pardubice and the surrounding area; the novel describes the life of Edgar Jiří Cherček, son of a fictional Czech arms manufacturer from Pardubice, during the Habsburg Monarchy , the Czechoslovak Republic and during World War II.

literature

Web links

Commons : Pardubice  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Parduwitz in the Topographia Bohemiae, Moraviae et Silesiae  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/555134/Pardubice
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ↑ Velké Pardubice on parpedie.cz
  4. ↑ Vyhláška č. 22/1949 Sb.
  5. ↑ Části Pardubic, parpedie.cz
  6. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/mestske-casti-a-obvody/574716/Pardubice-I
  7. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/mestske-casti-a-obvody/555126/Pardubice-II
  8. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/mestske-casti-a-obvody/557064/Pardubice-III
  9. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/mestske-casti-a-obvody/555096/Pardubice-IV
  10. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/mestske-casti-a-obvody/557072/Pardubice-V
  11. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/mestske-casti-a-obvody/555100/Pardubice-VI
  12. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/mestske-casti-a-obvody/555118/Pardubice-VII
  13. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/mestske-casti-a-obvody/575020/Pardubice-VIII
  14. ↑ Unipetrol press release
  15. ↑ Injured persons in explosion in the Czech explosives plant orf.at, November 1, 2019, accessed November 1, 2019.
  16. ^ Pardubice Airport Characteristics. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 21, 2013 ; Retrieved December 20, 2011 .
  17. ^ Pardubice Airport Arrivals. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 21, 2013 ; Retrieved December 20, 2011 .
  18. ^ Homepage of the Pardubice transport company (Czech), accessed on June 28, 2018
  19. ^ Homepage of the Pardubice transport company (Czech), accessed on June 28, 2018
  20. ^ Biodiversity in contaminated river sediments. (PDF; 11.6 MB) p. 26 , accessed on December 19, 2010 .
  21. ^ Hansjörg Küster: The Elbe: Landscape and History. P. 39 , accessed December 19, 2010 .
  22. ^ Is the time of the large hydraulic structures in the Czech Republic over? (PDF; 2.1 MB) DUHwelt - The magazine of German environmental aid, p. 10 , accessed on December 19, 2010 .
  23. ↑ Partnerska a sprátelená mesta. Retrieved October 31, 2017 .