Veliny
| Veliny | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Pardubický kraj | ||||
| District : | Pardubice | ||||
| Area : | 652 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 4 ' N , 16 ° 3' E | ||||
| Height: | 283 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 476 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 534 01 | ||||
| License plate : | E. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Holice - Borohrádek | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Petr Krejcar (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | Veliny 60 534 01 Holice |
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| Municipality number: | 575941 | ||||
| Website : | veliny.cz | ||||
Veliny ( German Welin ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located five kilometers east of Holice and belongs to the Okres Pardubice .
geography
The village of Veliny, surrounded by extensive forests, extends in the northwest of the Choceňská tabule ( Chotzener Tafel ) over a length of two kilometers on a left tributary to the Velinský potok. The state road I / 36 between Holice and Borohrádek runs through the village . The Heřmanův Městec – Borohrádek railway runs north of the village . The U Hrušky (305 m nm) and the Kozlinec (289 m nm) rise in the north, the Na Šutrovně (331 m nm) to the south, the Na Hradcích (335 m nm) to the south-west and the Velinská stráň (327 m nm) to the west ). Pilský rybník is located to the northeast.
Neighboring towns are Sedadla, Nová Ves , Horní Žďár and Žďár nad Orlicí in the north, Mlýnek, Borohrádek , Šachov and Na Králce in the northeast, Malá Čermná, Korunka and Nová Ves in the east, U Borku, Rousínov, Dolní Jelení and Horní Jelení in the southeast Ostřetín in the south, Javůrka and Roveňsko in the southwest, Staré Holice in the west and Kamenec and Koudelka in the northwest.
history
The place was laid out as a forest hoof village between the second half of the 13th century and the middle of the 14th century during the first German inland colonization in the kingdom forest, which covered the area between the Silent Eagle and the Loučná . When the royal rule Chvojnov was pledged to the Leipa brothers in 1336, Veliny was not listed; it is believed that the village had another owner at that time.
The first written mention of a branch church belonging to the parish of Ostřetín , but unspecified, can be found in the Vatican Secret Archives in 1350 . The village Welina was first mentioned by name in 1365 in the confirmation books on the occasion of the transfer of pastor Petr to Javornice and the following year in the course of the appointment of the new pastor Víšek. Since the surrounding Waldhufendörfer were all named after their locators, the legend arose of the founding of the village by a knight family Velinger, whose seat is said to have been the Velký Hradec Castle . The owners of Veliny are largely unknown until the end of the 15th century, as the older land panels were destroyed in the fire at Prague Castle in 1541 . During this time the Dašický von Barchov gentlemen bought the village and added it to their Dašice estate . According to ancient traditions, Veliny is said to have consisted of three consecutive villages - Benátky, Veliny and Vlčkovice, whereby Benátky and Vlčkovice were probably single layers. The upper settlement - Benátky - is no longer mentioned after 1500.
In 1507, Čeněk Dašický von Barchov sold the Dašice fortress with the villages Dašice, Kostěnice , Platěnice, Ostřetín, Hedčany and Veliny for 8000 Czech groschen to Wilhelm von Pernstein , who united them with his rule Pardubice . Wilhelm von Pernstein bequeathed his Bohemian goods to his younger son Vojtěch in 1521 , after his death they passed to his brother Johann in 1534 . The ponds near Veliny were probably created under the Lords of Pernstein. In 1548 Johann von Pernstein left his son Jaroslav in debt. Jaroslav von Pernstein was so over-indebted that he left the villages of Veliny and Ostřetín to his creditor Žatecký von Weikersdorf in a bond. On March 21, 1560 he sold the entire Pardubice reign to King Ferdinand I. The settlement of Vlčkovice died out after 1636 during the Thirty Years' War; it was rebuilt in 1726 as part of Veliny. In 1787 Veliny had 46 properties. A school opened in 1811.
In 1835 the village of Welin or Weliny , located in the Chrudim district , consisted of 72 houses in which 536 people, including 21 Protestant families, lived. Under the patronage of the community, the branch church of St. Nicholas and the school. A two-speed grain mill and a board mill lay off to one side. The Catholic parish was Wostřetin . Until the middle of the 19th century Welin remained subordinate to the Imperial and Royal Chamber of Pardubice.
After the abolition of patrimonial Velín formed from 1849 a municipality in the judicial district of Holitz . Between the school and house no. 27, an avenue of lime trees was planted in 1859 over a length of 1200 meters. From 1868 the municipality belonged to the political district of Pardubitz . In 1869 Velín had 683 inhabitants and consisted of 101 houses. At the end of the 19th century the parish name was changed to Veliny . The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1888. In 1900 616 people lived in the village, in 1910 there were 667. In 1930 Veliny had 680 inhabitants. In 1931 the village was electrified. At the end of the Second World War, partisans attacked a German military convoy with two trucks below the Velinská stráň during the Holitz uprising on the night of May 4th and 5th, 1945, killing eleven soldiers. On May 11, 1945, the Red Army occupied the village. In 1949 Veliny was assigned to the Okres Holice. The lime tree avenue was placed under monument protection as a characteristic feature of the place in the second half of the 20th century; as a result of the relocation and piping of the village stream, from which the trees drew their water, the trees gradually withered. Since 1960 the community has belonged again to Okres Pardubice . In 1986 two thirds of the avenue of lime trees were felled because of the danger to road traffic posed by the dry branches; After storm damage to houses caused by breaking branches at the beginning of the 1990s, the avenue was cleared in the winter of 1993/94. In the 2001 census, 372 people lived in Veliny's 174 houses.
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Veliny. The single-layer Mlýnek belongs to Veliny.
Attractions
- Neo-Baroque ensemble of the Church of St. Nicholas with a free-standing bell tower and morgue from the mid-18th century. The wooden church with a shingle roof was built in 1752, the morgue dates from 1750. The Josephine parish coffin from the 1780s, which was moved from the morgue to the sacristy at the end of the 20th century for security reasons, has also been preserved.
- Memorial to those who fell in World War I, unveiled August 13, 1933
- Na Hradcích hill with ramparts, it is considered one of the possible locations of the extinct Hostin Hradec castle , where the Přemyslid duke Soběslav I died in 1140 . According to local legends, the Velký Hradec castle stood on the hill, which is said to have been the seat of the Velinger knights and locators of Veliny.
- Knight Velinger Nature Trail ( naučná stezka rytíře Velingera )
literature
- Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2005 , part 1, p. 528
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/575941/Veliny
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 5: Chrudimer Kreis. Prague 1837, p. 77