Živanice

Živanice
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Pardubický kraj
District :	Pardubice
Area :	805 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 4 ' N , 15 ° 39' E Coordinates: 50 ° 3 '42 " N , 15 ° 38' 58" E
Height:	217 m nm
Residents :	1,000 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code :	533 42
License plate :	E.
traffic
Street:	Přelouč - Lázně Bohdaneč
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	3
administration
Mayor :	Petr Lejhanec (as of 2019)
Address:	Živanice 152 ; 533 42 Živanice
Municipality number:	576051
Website :	www.zivanice.cz

Church of the Annunciation

Courtyard portal

Old school

Živanice (German Ziwanitz , 1939–45 Schiwanitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located 10 kilometers northwest of the city center of Pardubice and belongs to the Okres Pardubice .

geography

Živanice is on the right Elvish in the Pardubická kotlina ( Pardubice Basin ); The Bukovka brook flows on the eastern edge of the village. In the southern part of the village green, the Živanická svodnice ditch rises at Návesní rybník. State road II / 333 runs through Živanice between Přelouč and Lázně Bohdaneč .

Neighboring towns are Bukovka , Habřinka and Neratov in the north, Dědek and Bohdaneč Spa in the northeast, Černá u Bohdanče the east, Srnojedy , Krchleby and Lány na Důlku the southeast, Opočínek and Valy in the south, Mělice and Lohenice in the southwest, Břehy , Výrov and Nerad in the west and Přelovice and Rohovládova Bělá in the northwest.

history

The village was first mentioned in a document in 1226 as the property of the Doksany monastery ; it also shows that Živanice was probably founded in 1145. There is evidence of a parish church since 1350. In 1361 the abbot Jan Neplach bought the village for the Opatowitz Benedictine monastery . After the monastery was plundered and burned down by a Hussite army under Diviš Bořek von Miletínek in 1421 , the latter took possession of the extensive possessions. In 1436 King Sigismund transferred large parts of the former monastery property to Diviš Bořek, who formed the Pardubice dominion with its seat on the Kunburg . In 1437 Diviš 'son Soběslav Mrzák of Miletínek inherited the rule, in 1464 it fell to King George of Podebrady . On April 5, 1465, he transferred the rule to his sons Viktorin , Heinrich d. Ä. and Hynek von Münsterberg . In 1472 the rule of Pardubitz fell to Heinrich d. Ä. from Munsterberg to; this pledged Živanice 1488 to Václav Žehušický of Nestajov. In 1491 Wilhelm von Pernstein acquired the Živanice estate and rejoined it under the Pardubice rulership. During this time the landscape around Živanice changed; Large fish ponds were created, and the Opatowitz Canal was built to supply the Pardubice pond system with water . In 1521 Wilhelm von Pernstein bequeathed his Bohemian goods to his younger son Vojtěch , after his death in 1534 they fell to his brother Johann . In 1548 he left his son Jaroslav in high debt. On March 21, 1560 Jaroslav von Pernstein sold the entire rule of Pardubitz to King Ferdinand I. His successor Maximilian II transferred the administration of the royal lords to the court chamber .

The parish of Živanice, orphaned since the Hussite Wars, was abolished in 1567. The court chamber had the Pardubitz rule reorganized through a system of 24 Rychta ( Scholtiseien ). In 1588 the Rychtář in Živanice exercised the lower jurisdiction for Přelovice , Bukovka , Habřínka , Bělá , Vyšehněvice and Neratov . At that time the village consisted of 25 properties. A watermill was first mentioned in 1620. During the Thirty Years War, the village was occupied by a Swedish army under Torstensson in 1645 . The church in Živanice was a subsidiary church of the Bohdaneč parish from 1650 . In 1775 a great peasant uprising broke out in the neighboring Chlumetz domain ; the farmer Chvojka from Živanice was sentenced to eight years in prison for participating in the revolt. In the second half of the 18th century the large ponds were drained; in the course of Raabisation the villages Dědek and Nerad were created in the 1770s to emphyteutisierten pond hallways. In the major fire of 1792, which destroyed nine houses, the municipal archive was also lost. In 1796 the Pardubitz rule had a wooden chalup built as a school building.

In 1835, the village of Žiwanitz , located in the Chrudim district , consisted of 51 houses in which 459 people, including 24 Protestant and one Jewish family, lived. In the village there was a branch church of the Church of the Annunciation with a spacious churchyard where the deceased from all the villages in the parish were buried, as well as a school. The rectory was Bohdanich . The Kaiserstraße from Kuttenberg to Königgrätz was completed in 1836. Until the middle of the 19th century, Žiwanitz remained subordinate to the kk camera rule Pardubitz.

After the abolition of patrimonial Živanice formed from 1849 with the district Neradov a municipality in the judicial district of Přelauč . Emperor Franz Joseph I pledged the kk camera rule Pardubitz in 1855 as a government bond to the Oesterreichische Nationalbank , which sold the rule on June 25, 1863 to the kk privileged Österreichische Credit-Anstalt für Handel und Gewerbe. In 1866 the industrialist Heinrich Drasche bought the manor of Pardubitz. Two-class schooling began in 1865. From 1868 the community belonged to the Pardubitz district . In 1869 Živanice had 609 inhabitants and consisted of 72 houses. The old wooden school was demolished in 1877 and a new stone school building was built in its place for 16,000 guilders. On June 18, 1881 Richard von Drasche-Wartinberg bought the manors of Pardubitz and Kunětická Hora for 2,080,000 guilders from his father's inheritance. The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1901. In 1900 there were 690 people in Živanice, compared to 704 in 1910. In 1909 the first sand brick factory in the region was established in Živanice, with a daily production of up to 15,000 bricks. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia , in the course of the land reform of 1920, the large Ziwanitz estate of the Drasche-Wartinberg family was also confiscated and divided. In 1930 Živanice had 646 inhabitants. In 1949 Živanice was assigned to the Okres Přelouč, since 1960 the community has belonged again to the Okres Pardubice . In 1972 Neratov was incorporated (with Dědek and Novinska). Neratov and Novinska broke away from Živanice in 1991. In the 2001 census, there were 607 people living in 191 houses in Živanice.

Community structure

The municipality Živanice consists of the districts Dědek ( Diedek ), Nerad ( Neradau ) and Živanice ( Ziwanitz ). Basic settlement units are Dědek, Nerad, V Dědku and Živanice.

The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Nerad and Živanice.