Němčice nad Labem

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Němčice
Coat of arms of Němčice
Němčice nad Labem (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Pardubický kraj
District : Pardubice
Area : 255 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 6 ′  N , 15 ° 48 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 5 ′ 35 "  N , 15 ° 48 ′ 21"  E
Height: 225  m nm
Residents : 648 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code : 533 52
License plate : E.
traffic
Street: Ráby - Vysoká nad Labem
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 1
administration
Mayor : Jaroslav Štěpánek (as of 2018)
Address: Němčice 96
533 52 Staré Hradiště
Municipality number: 572870
Website : www.obecnemcice.cz
Aerial view
Road bridge over the Elbe
Memorial stone for the fallen of the First World War

Němčice (German Niemtschitz , also Niemschitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located seven kilometers north of the city center of Pardubice and belongs to the Okres Pardubice .

geography

Němčice is located on the right side of the Elbe in the Pardubická kotlina ( Pardubice Basin ). To the south rises the prominent Kunětická hora ( Kunietitz Mountain , 307 m nm) with the castle of the same name .

Neighboring towns are Dříteč in the north, Zástava , Újezd ​​u Sezemic and Bohumileč in the north-east, Dražkov in the east, Kladivo, Lukovna and Kunětice in the south-east, Ráby and Brozany in the south, Psinek and Hradiště na Písku in the south-west, Srch and west and Stéblová , Na Sibiři and Hrobice in the north-west.

history

Němčice is probably a foundation of the Opatowitz Benedictine monastery . After the monastery was looted and burned down by the Hussites under Diviš Bořek von Miletínek in 1421 , the latter seized the extensive possessions.

The first written mention of Němčice was on September 21, 1436, when King Sigismund transferred large parts of the former monastery property to Diviš Bořek as a reward for his loyal service in the Battle of Lipan for 4,500 shock, who formed the Kunburg domain . At the end of the 15th century Wilhelm von Pernstein acquired the dominions of Pardubitz and Kunburg and united them. Wilhelm von Pernstein had large fish ponds built in the area; North-west of Němčice, Velká Čeperka, one of the largest ponds in Bohemia, was created, and the smaller Kotcourov ( Němčitzer pond ) southwest of the village . In 1521 Wilhelm von Pernstein bequeathed his Bohemian goods to his younger son Vojtěch , after his death in 1534 they fell to his brother Johann . In 1548 Johann von Pernstein left his son Jaroslav in debt. On March 21, 1560 Jaroslav von Pernstein sold the entire rule of Pardubitz to King Ferdinand I. His successor Maximilian II transferred the administration of the royal lords to the court chamber . King Rudolf II had the rule reorganized in 1588 through a system of 24 Rychta ( Scholtiseien ); the Rychtář in Libišany exercised the lower jurisdiction for Němčice. In the Kammerurbar from 1588, 11 properties are shown for Němčice, including a privileged tavern and a mill. The mill fell desolate and went out during the Thirty Years War. In the course of the raabization , the manorial Němčice farm was parceled out and emphyteutized in the 1770s. As a result, the village grew, it included the localities Kotek , Na kuklíkách and U Kovárny , Paště and Sibiř . The main source of income was agriculture, and some of the residents also worked as stone crushers and pochers in the basalt quarries on the Kunietitzer Berg.

In 1835 the village of Niemtschitz or Němčice in the Chrudim district consisted of 26 houses in which 184 people, including a Protestant family, lived. A wooden bridge led over the Elbe to Dřitsch . The parish was Kunietitz . Until the middle of the 19th century, Niemtschitz remained subordinate to the kk cameraman Pardubitz.

After the abolition of patrimonial Němčice formed from 1849 a municipality in the judicial district of Pardubice . From 1868 the municipality belonged to the political district of Pardubitz . In 1869 Němčice had 212 inhabitants and consisted of 28 houses. The Kotcourov and Velká Čeperka ponds were drained in the second half of the 19th century and the ponds were converted into arable land. In 1900 there were 181 people in the village, compared to 171 in 1910. In 1930 Němčice had 203 inhabitants. In the years 1933–34 the new reinforced concrete bridge was built over the Elbe. On May 7, 1945, seven men from Němčice were shot by the German occupiers for participating in the National Resistance .

In 1949 Němčice was assigned to the Okres Pardubice-okolí. Since 1960 the community has belonged again to Okres Pardubice . In 1961 it was incorporated into Ráby . Since November 24, 1990, the village of Němčice exists again. In the 2001 census, 121 people lived in the 51 houses in Němčice. The municipality has had a coat of arms and a banner since 2014.

Community structure

No districts are shown for the municipality of Němčice. U Kunětické hory and the Na Sibiři group belong to Němčice. Basic settlement units are Němčice and U Kunětické hory (formerly Chaloupky ).

The municipality forms the cadastral district Němčice nad Labem.

Attractions

  • Kunětická Hora Castle
  • Elbe bridge Němčický most , the 110 m long reinforced concrete bridge from 1933–34 is a technical monument
  • Chapel of St. Laurentius and Martin, built 2013-14
  • Memorial stone for the fallen soldiers of the First World War with a figure of the Bohemian Lion
  • Memorial stone for the victims of May 7, 1945, it was renovated in 2014 and moved in front of the parish hall
  • Baroch nature reserve , northwest of the village. The pond and marshland are the best preserved remains of the Velká Čeperka. The Cháby, which rises to the northwest of the Baroch, used to form a large peninsula in the Velká Čeperka.
  • An important landscape element Labiště u Němčic , the thrown Elbe meander north of the village

Trivia

Němčice is the only proven breeding site for the greater spotted eagle in the Czech Republic. On July 5, 1847, two fully feathered young birds were shot from a nest at the Němčitz pond, which for a long time were mistaken for lesser spotted eagles . When the ornithologist Tomáš Bělka revised the eagle bellows in Czech museum collections in the 1990s, Bělka realized that the two bellows from the East Bohemian Museum in Pardubice were extremely rare in Europe.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/572870/Nemcice
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 5: Chrudimer Kreis. Prague 1837, p. 73
  4. ↑ http://www.obecnemcice.cz/znak-a-vlajka
  5. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/572870/Obec-Nemcice
  6. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/737186/Nemcice-nad-Labem
  7. ↑ silniční most ÚSKP 42063 / 6-5168 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  8. ↑ http://www.obecnemcice.cz/zajimavosti