kuk Dragoon Regiment "Friedrich August King of Saxony" No. 3

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The last owner of the regiment, Friedrich August III. of Saxony

The Dragoon Regiment "Friedrich August King of Saxony" No. 3 was part of the cavalry of the Austro-Hungarian Land Forces . Because of the Saxon regiment owners, the unit was also known as the "Saxony Dragoons".

history

The association was established in 1768 as the "First Carabinier Regiment Sachsen-Teschen " for the Imperial-Habsburg army . From this, over the course of time, up to the joint army within the Austro-Hungarian Land Forces, the Dragoon Regiment " Friedrich August King of Saxony " No. 3 developed .

Dragoons of Regiment No. 3 on the march. Painting by Alexander Ritter von Bensa, around 1870, Heeresgeschichtliches Museum .
"Fanfares faded away" - Dragoons of Regiment No. 3 marching out of their long-standing Enns garrison in May 1908. Painting by Ludwig Koch , Heeresgeschichtliches Museum

ASEAN was established on November 1, 1768 from the carabineers - companies of Cuirassier regiments Toscana , Serbelloni , Duke Albert , (no. 8) Archduke Max , (no. 5) O'Donnell , small Holdt , Podstatzky , Voghera , D'Ayasasa (No. 6) , Stampa , Anspach and Berlichingen (No. 9) and the staff of the disbanded Cuirassier Regiment Alt-Modena in Altenburg , Hungary .

In 1769 the regiment was given the name Cavalry Regiment No. 5 in the newly established cavalry ranking list . However, the name continued to be after the regiment owner (who did not also have to be the commander) until 1798 . A binding regulation of the spelling did not exist (e.g. Regiment Graf Serbelloni - or Regiment Serbelloni). With each change of ownership, the affected regiment changed its name.

After the system was changed in 1798, the numbered designation prevailed, which could possibly be linked to the name of the owner. At first the name was changed to Cuirassier Regiment No. 3 . At the same time, the Chevauxlegers division was transferred to the newly established Cuirassier Regiment No. 12 . In 1802 the majors division of the dissolved Cuirassier Regiment Anspach was taken over.

In 1867 the association was transformed into the Dragoon Regiment No. 3. In 1915, all honorary names were deleted without replacement. From then on the association was again only called kuk Dragoon Regiment No. 3 . However, this could not be implemented in practice, on the one hand because no one adhered to it, on the other hand because the very thrifty Austro-Hungarian military administration had ordered that all forms and stamps that were still available should be used up first.

The regiment was considered an elite regiment and was also called "Saxony Dragoons".

Other Dragoon Regiments No. 3

Supplementary districts

As a carbine regiment, the personnel was replaced by taking over older teams from the regiments Toscana, Archduke Max, Kleinholdt, Serbelloni, O'Donell, Podstatzky, Voghera, D'Ayasasa, Berlichingen, Stampa and the Anspach cuirassiers. From 1781 it received its additions from all of the German-speaking military districts with the exception of Carniola , Gorizia and Gradisca . Then followed:

Barracks of the regiment in Groß-Enzersdorf

Peace garrisons

I. II. III.

Regimental owner

Regimental Commanders

I. II. III.
  • 1768 Colonel Wolfgang Caspar Freiherr von Zezschwitz
  • 1775 Colonel Franz Wenzel Count Desfours
  • 1784 Colonel Franz Friedrich Graf Hoditz
  • 1790 Colonel Johann Freiherr von Hildebrandt
  • 1791 Colonel Friedrich Freiherr von Seckendorf
  • 1794 Colonel Mathias Karst
  • 1795 Colonel Hieronymus Freiherr von Vimereatti
  • 1798 Colonel Christian Freiherr Wolfskeel von Reichenberg
  • 1800 Colonel Joseph Count Radetzky von Radetz
  • 1805 Colonel Carl von Kroyher
  • 1809 Colonel Ferdinand Kuttalek von Ehrengreif
  • 1813 Colonel Heinrich Freiherr von Bayerwerk
  • 1823 Colonel Moritz Graf Clary
  • 1829 Colonel Anton Franz
  • 1834 Colonel Joseph Niesner von Graevenberg
  • 1841 Colonel Joseph Baltheser von Löwenfeld
  • 1848 Colonel Moriz Freiherr von Lederer
  • 1849 Colonel Johann Gaupp, Knight of Berghausen
  • 1854 Colonel Rudolph Freiherr von Geuder
  • 1859 Colonel Franz Freiherr von Sedlnitzky
  • 1861 Colonel Ludwig Prince Hohenlohe-Langenburg
  • 1863 Colonel Adolph Schwarz
  • 1868 Colonel Alexander Count Kálnoky de Köröspatak
  • 1870 Colonel Anton Haizinger
  • 1876 ​​Colonel Heinrich Ritter von Ambróz
  • 1877: Colonel Edmund Edler von Krieghammer
  • 1879: Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Hilbert Freiherr von Löhneisen
  • 1884: Colonel Isidor Freiherr von Ripp
  • 1887: Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Rudolph Reinhold
  • 1891: Colonel Joseph Freund von Arlhausen
  • 1897: Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Emil Freiherr von Magdeburg
  • 1903: Colonel Franz Burkhardt Freiherr von der Klee
  • 1908: Colonel Karl Hüller Edler von Hüllenried
  • 1910: Colonel Emanuel Wojtechovsky
  • 1913: Colonel Karl Freiherr von Spiegelfeld
  • Last in command until May 1, 1919 Colonel Richard Pichler Ritter von Tennenberg

Battle calendar

War of the Bavarian Succession

  • 1778–79: The regiment operated with the main army in Bohemia . No combat activity

Coalition wars

  • 1793: Fighting in the Austrian Netherlands , skirmishes near Aldenhoven, in the battle of Neer winds , in front of Maubeuge and in the battle of Wattignies
  • 1794: Fighting in front of Landrecies. Participation in the Battle of Fleurus . The Chevauxlegérs Division in action near Jülich
  • 1795: Fighting near Mainz ( Mainz lines ). Skirmishes on the Pfrimm and at Lampertheim . The Lieutenant Colonel division distinguished itself in Bacharach from
  • 1796: Fought the Chevauxlegérs division near Malsch and Bopfingen and in the skirmish near Kitzingen . The majors division fought at Camberg . The closed regiment distinguished itself in the battle for Würzburg .
  • 1797: Little fighting activity, only the Chevauxlegérs division had a few minor skirmishes
  • 1799: Assigned to the Reserve Corps in Germany as a Cuirassier Regiment. Initially without commitment. The Lieutenant Colonel Division later fought in the battle near Stetten . In Wiesloch successful attacks by two divisions of the regiment
  • 1800: In the reserve corps. At Dellmensingen , the Colonel Division swam across the Danube and was able to send enemy cavalry to flight. In the battle at Gutenzell the Majors Division stood out. The regiment fought with special distinction under Colonel Count Radetzky near Hohenlinden and was still deployed at Laufen
  • 1805: In Germany assigned to the Werneck corps. Fights near Wertingen , Jungingen and Langenau. The regiment escaped the catastrophe that hit the Werneck corps near Trochtelfingen by joining the detachments that had broken out of Ulm and penetrating to Bohemia. Later participation in the battle at Stecken
  • 1809: With the main army in Germany. Captain Andreas von Phannhauser saved in the battle of eckmühl by a brilliant attack several conquered already by the enemy guns . In Regensburg , two squadrons covered the retreat of the infantry

Wars of Liberation

  • 1813: Only the colonel and majors divisions were in action with the main army in Saxony , later in the rearguard battle near Fulda . Participation in the Battle of Nations near Leipzig
  • 1814: Both divisions were without combat activity in the Southern Army

Reign of the Hundred Days

  • 1815: With the army in France. No combat activity

Revolution of 1848/1849 in the Austrian Empire

  • 1848: The Oberst Division was assigned to the Jellacic Corps and took part in the battle near Schwechat, then in the capture of Vienna. Later ordered to Hungary battle near Kázmér (Parendorf)
  • 1849: Skirmish near Tetényi and participation in the battles near Kápolna, Szolnok, Tapio-Bicske and Isaszeg. In the summer campaign with the Southern Army, the two divisions united with the other two that had previously participated in the Nagent Corps in the capture of Essegg . The whole regiment fought at Káty (Káacs), the Colonel Division at Ó-Becse. In the battle of Hegyes, the majors division covered the retreat as rearguard . The whole regiment was in action at Vilova.

German war

  • 1866: Without combat activity in the 2nd Reserve Cavalry Division of the Northern Army. On the retreat from Königgrätz, individual detachments on outpost duty in skirmishes near Tischnowitz - Cepin

First World War

The regiment was deployed on the northeast front and in 1915 gave its horses to the artillery. Until the end of the war, the unit only fought in infantry operations.

Whereabouts

At the end of the war, the regiment marched to Vienna in an orderly manner and was demobilized there.

Association membership and status in July 1914

II Corps - 3rd Cavalry Troop Division - 17th Cavalry Brigade
Nationalities: 97% German - 3% other
Regimental language: German

Adjustment

1768: white skirt, pompadour red leveling, white trousers, yellow buttons
  • Cuirassier Regiment No. 3
1798: white skirt, pompadour red leveling, white trousers, yellow buttons
1850: white tunic, dark red leveling, light blue patalons, yellow buttons
  • Dragoon Regiment No. 3
1863: light blue tunic , dark red equalization , madder red breeches, yellow buttons

structure

A regiment was the Austro-Hungarian cavalry usually originates from three to four (in the exception more) divisions . (A division was used here to refer to a battalion-strength unit. The correct division was called an infantry or cavalry division.) Each division had three squadrons , each of which consisted of two companies . The number of riders in the individual sub-units fluctuated, but was usually around 80 riders per company, or 160 riders per squadron.

(During the army reform begun by Emperor Joseph II , the company structure within the cavalry had already been given up).

The individual divisions were named after their formal leaders:

  • the 1st division was the colonel division
  • the 2nd division was the lieutenant colonel (lieutenant colonel) division
  • the 3rd division was the majors division
  • the 4th division was the 2nd majors division
  • the 5th division (if any) was the 3rd majors division

In the course of the army reform, the cavalry regiments were reduced to two divisions from 1860 onwards.

Due to the constant renaming, the regimental histories of the Austro-Hungarian cavalry are very difficult to follow. In addition, there is the constant and apparently arbitrary, sometimes multiple reclassification of the associations. (For example: Kuk Bohemian Dragoon Regiment "Prince of Windisch-Graetz" No. 14 )

tradition

In the Army of the First Republic, the tradition was continued by the Vienna Dragoon Squadron No. 2.

In 1967, the maintenance of the tradition of Dragoon Regiment No. 3, also known as the "Saxony Dragoons", was passed on to Panzer Battalion 33 in the Burstyn barracks in Zwölfaxing by decree that the royal Saxon coat of arms has been part of the battalion field since then.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ according to “Announcement of the Quartermaster's Department” of Army Group Command FM. Archduke Eugen / Q.Op. No. 665/15. Issued by the field post office 512
  2. ↑ Dragoon Regiment No. 3 "King of Saxony" ( Memento of the original from June 25, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , on Union of European Historical Military Groups, accessed on June 22, 2018 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / uewhg.org

literature

  • Obstlt. Alphons Frhr. v. Wrede: History of the KuK Wehrmacht from 1618 to the end of the XIX century Vienna 1898–1905.
  • Georg Schreiber : The emperor's cavalry. Austrian cavalry in 4 centuries. With a foreword by Alois Podhajsky . Speidel, Vienna 1967.
  • BM Buchmann: Austria and the Ottoman Empire. WUV-Univ.-Verl., Vienna 1999.
  • Allmayer-Beck , Lessing : The K. (below) K. Army. 1848-1914 . Bertelsmann, Munich et al. 1974, ISBN 3-570-07287-8 .