Kaikoura (New Zealand)
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Kaikoura Māori: Kaikōura |
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| Geographical location | ||
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| Coordinates | 42 ° 25 ′ S , 173 ° 41 ′ E | |
| Region ISO | NZ-CAN | |
| Country |
 New Zealand
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| region | Canterbury | |
| District | Kaikoura District | |
| Administrative headquarters | Seat of administration for the Kaikoura District | |
| Residents | 1 971 (2013) | |
| height | 5 m | |
| Post Code | 7300 | |
| Telephone code | +64 (0) 9 | |
| UN / LOCODE | NZ KBZ | |
| website | www.kaikoura.co.nz | |
Kaikoura , in Māori spelling Kaikōura , is aplace characterizedby ecotourism on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand . He is also the administrative center of the Kaikoura District s that just over one with 3,552 inhabitants inhabitants as the place itself.
Origin of name
The name Kaikoura means in the Māori language : kai = food / meal, kōura = crab / lobster .
geography
Kaikoura lies along an elongated north-south extending bay directly at the Pacific Ocean on the former alluvial of Kowhai River s . With its surrounding farmland, the place is bordered by the Seaward Kaikoura Range, which runs to the coast in the north, west and south. A small part of the urban area extends to the Kaikoura Peninsula , a small peninsula off the alluvial land, which is considered to be the last branch of the Seaward Kaikoura Range . Off the coast, the continental shelf drops steeply at 1.6 km and reaches a depth of up to 1600 m in the Kaikoura Canyon , thus creating perfect conditions for maritime life directly off the coast thanks to its depth and favorable flow conditions .
The town, 132 km southeast of Blenheim and 183 km north of Christchurch , can be reached via State Highway 1 (SH 1) running alongside the town and is also connected to the north-south running South Island Main Trunk Railway with its own train station . on between Picton and Christchurch the TranzCoastal wrong.
City center
Panorama looking towards Seaward Kaikoura Range
Beach
history
Before the first European settlers came in the 19th century, Kaikoura had been the Māori settlement area for over 600 years . The last to settle were the Ngāi Tahu , an Iwi (tribe) of the Māori who came from the North Island of New Zealand in the 17th century and settled on the coast of Kaikoura because of the abundance of fish in the sea .
The arrival of the first Europeans was documented in 1842 with the captain and whaler Robert Fyfe , who founded a whaling station in the Bay of Kaikoura . His house, originally built in 1845 for his cooper (barrel maker) and expanded after his death from 1857 by his cousin George Fyffe (with two f), still exists today and is one of the oldest surviving houses in New Zealand. The house has been standing since 15th February 1990 under monument protection .
After a short time successful whaling one rose from 1,850 in addition to whaling with sheep and goats in the livestock industry one. Whaling continued until 1964, albeit sporadically. With the Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 whaling was finally banned in New Zealand and the animals were legally protected.
Kaikoura , half fishing village , half farm economy until the 1960s , had economic problems due to the cessation of whaling and the recession of the 1980s. With the focus on ecotourism from 1989 onwards, the economy picked up again.
The place
Kaikoura , almost entirely devoted to ecotourism, boasts of being the first local authority in the world to receive the Green Globe 21 (GG21) award for sustainable business from the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC). With this and the progress made in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions one tries to underline its importance in nature , species and climate protection in the region, in New Zealand and beyond.
In addition to fishing (lobster) and agriculture, tourism is the most important source of income for the place today. 22.1% of the tourists who travel annually now come from overseas.
Since 1987, tourists mainly come to whales , dolphins , elephant seals , leopard seals and fur seals to watch and at the same time to admire the biodiversity of seabirds on the coast and at sea. Whale watching and swimming with the dolphins are among the many tourist attractions in Kaikoura .
The Kaikoura region continues to experience economic growth. The number of companies has increased steadily since 1997 and in 2005 was given as almost 500. Assuming further economic growth, forecasts currently assume that Kaikoura will expand by a further 900 homes by 2020.
Kaikoura earthquake
On November 14, 2016 caused earthquakes , which according to its impact Kaikoura -Erdbeben was called and its epicenter 3.6 kilometers southwest of Waiau had in Kaikoura damage to roads and buildings. However, the damage to the buildings was not so severe that buildings should have been demolished. What was worse was that Kaikoura was cut off from the rest of the country for the first few days after the earthquake. The State Highway 1 and the railway line South Iceland Main Trunk Railway was north towards Picton and south to the Cheviot and on to Christchurch completely blocked by road damage and landslides. A possible alternative route ( Route 70 ) inland via Waiau was initially not available due to road damage and landslides. Kaikoura had to be supplied by air and by sea and tourists had to be flown out.
After removing more than 50 landslides and numerous road damage, Route 70 was the first to be reopened to traffic on December 19, 2016. The southern route via State Highway 1 to Kaikoura was only released during the day with restrictions, to the north it remained closed for over a year until it reopened on December 15, 2017. Over 1,700 people had worked over a year to repair the damage on the Kaikoura- north stretch of State Highway 1 . But even after the line was reopened, the sections between Clarence and Mangamaunu , north of Kaikoura and between Goose Bay and Peketa , south of Kaikoura , remained closed for safety reasons over the night between 8:30 p.m. and 7:00 a.m.
See also
Web links
- Homepage . Kaikoura District Council,accessed January 21, 2016.
- Homepage . Kaikoura Information & Tourism Inc,accessed January 21, 2016.
- History . Visitors Guide Ltd,accessed January 21, 2016.
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2013 Census QuickStats about a place: Kaikoura Township . Statistics New Zealand , accessed August 8, 2016 .
- ↑ 2013 Census QuickStats about a place : Kaikoura District - Population and dwellings . Statistics New Zealand , accessed August 9, 2016 .
- ↑ Homepage . Māori Dictionary , accessed July 4, 2009 .
- ↑ Why Are There Whales in Kaikoura? . Kaikoura Whale Watching , accessed February 22, 2017 .
- ↑ Te Runanga o Kaikoura . Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu , accessed February 22, 2017 .
- ^ Fyffe House . In: NZ Museums . Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa , accessed February 22, 2017 .
- ^ A House in its Setting . New Zealand Historic Places Trust , May 2001, archived from the original on November 21, 2008 ; accessed on August 24, 2014 (English, original website no longer available).
- ^ Fyffe House . Heritage New Zealand , accessed August 24, 2014 .
- ^ Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 . In: New Zealand Legislation . Parliamentary Counsel Office , accessed February 22, 2017 .
- ^ Communities for Climate Protection (CCP-NZ) . Kaikoura City Council , archived from the original on May 22, 2010 ; accessed on August 24, 2014 (English, original website no longer available).
- ^ QuickStats About Population Mobility . Statistics New Zealand , archived from the original on November 19, 2008 ; accessed on August 24, 2014 (English, original website no longer available).
- ↑ Activities & Adventure . Visitors Guide Ltd , archived from the original on February 26, 2001 ; accessed on April 18, 2018 (English, original website no longer available).
- ^ Businesses in Kaikoura District . Statistics New Zealand , archived from the original on November 19, 2008 ; accessed on August 24, 2014 (English, original website no longer available).
- ^ Demographic Information . Envisage kaikoura , archived from the original on October 9, 2007 ; accessed on August 24, 2014 (English, original website no longer available).
- ^ Mark Quigley, Brendan Duffy : What happened in New Zealand's magnitude 7.5 earthquake? . In: New Zealand Herald . NZME. Publishing Limited , November 15, 2016, accessed February 22, 2017 .
- ^ Lane Nichols : Fleet of international warships to help out with earthquake response . In: New Zealand Herald . NZME. Publishing Limited , November 15, 2016, accessed February 22, 2017 .
- ↑ Kaikoura inland road, via Mt Lyford / Waiau, to open Monday, 8 am . NZ Transport Agency , December 16, 2016, accessed February 22, 2017 .
- ↑ SH1 north of Kaikōura opens . NZ Transport Agency , December 15, 2017, accessed December 15, 2017 .
- ↑ Quake hit highway reopens . In: Otago Daily Times . Allied Press Limited , December 15, 2017, accessed December 15, 2017 .