Cold water (Dornbach)
| Cold water | ||
 The cold water just before the trout farm |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | DE : 24892 | |
| location |
Taunus
|
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| River system | Rhine | |
| Drain over | Dornbach → Eschbach → Nidda → Main → Rhine → North Sea | |
| source | southwest of Kellerberg 50 ° 14 ′ 1 ″ N , 8 ° 32 ′ 1 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 392 m above sea level NHN | |
| confluence | in Bad Homburg with the brook from the gold mine to Dornbach Coordinates: 50 ° 13 ′ 5 ″ N , 8 ° 35 ′ 59 ″ E 50 ° 13 ′ 5 ″ N , 8 ° 35 ′ 59 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 188 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | approx. 204 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 27 ‰ | |
| length | 7.6 km | |
| Catchment area | 7.538 km² | |
| Outflow A Eo : 7.538 km² at the mouth |
MQ Mq |
58.3 l / s 7.7 l / (s km²) |
The cold water is the approximately 7.6 km long left or northern source stream of the Dornbach . Some see the cold water only as a designation for the upper reaches of the Dornbach or Eschbach .
Names
The name cold water is probably derived from the low water temperature of the stream.
geography
course
The cold water rises in the Hohen Taunus in a forest area southeast of the Klingenkopf ( 683 m above sea level ) on the Kellerberg in front of it in the area of the Bad Homburg vor der Höhe district . A Kerbtal with temporary water flow is already in about 500 m above sea level. NHN pronounced. Its main springs, 420– 460 m above sea level, lie on the border of the more abundant Taunus quartzite to the underlying, somewhat denser Hermeskeil sandstone . NHN lead z. Some are water all year round and are enclosed by a larger wetland. The stream initially flows in a south-easterly direction through the Bad Homburg State Forest to the right of the Landgrafen Berg ( 410 m above sea level ) and past the Sange-Berg ( 380 m above sea level ). There he is fed by the Mühlborn and a little later by the Sangeborn .
In 1821 the Elisabethenschneise was built, which also leads over the Cold Water . As a transition, the Landgrave Bridge was built to commemorate Frederick V and therefore, with its length of 71 feet and 11 inches, corresponds to his age in year and day. The inscription at the top of the barrel vault reads: “FRIEDRICH JOSEPH Sv. LANDGRAF ZHHOMBURG the 23rd APRIL 1828 ”.
Before reaching the former imperial trout farm (founded in 1894; today restaurant) there is an obelisk on a small knoll . The sequoia trees planted by the Bad Homburg landgraves in the 19th century also grow in this area . The stream now changes its course in a more easterly direction and flows through a meadow area past the Hölschers -, Harderts - and the Fischersmühle . He briefly changes over to the forest, which he finally leaves on the border to Oberursel - Oberstedten . It now flows through an allotment garden . The center of Oberstedten is crossed underground by the brook. At the eastern edge of the town it appears again on the surface. He now passes under the B 455 . Here the Lotzengrundbach flows underground to it. The Cold water now flows along the district border between Oberursel and Bad Homburg on the Rentmeister- , herbs - and at the Prökenmühle over. The brook now changes to the area of Bad Homburg and finally joins the brook from the gold mine to the Dornbach east of the Knobelsmühle .
Tributaries
Cold water tributaries include, viewed downstream:
- Mühlborn ( right ) - area is today z. Partly drained from a prospect of the former municipality of Oberstedten.
- Sangeborn ( left ) - small, continuously flowing spring at the boundary between quartzite and green schist (on the trout farm).
- Lotzengrundbach ( right ) - today the ditch rarely flows.
- Bach von der Goldgrube ( right ) - in old maps often called Dornbach (to distinguish it from the larger Dornbach in Oberursel-Oberstedten, historians today call it the Alter Dornbach ).
Nidda river system
Dates, character and hydrology
The cold water has a catchment area of 7.538 km 2 and its mean discharge (MQ) is 58.3 l / s. It is one of the flowing waters of the silicate low mountain range type . The stream has a strongly acidic milieu in the upper reaches, mainly due to the Taunus quartzite in the subsoil and the flat wet areas with spruce and peat moss . The sources themselves have z. Sometimes higher pH values , especially when it comes to permanently pouring fractured groundwater sources. Accordingly, they have a more species-rich fauna than the main stream. Their water temperature is constant around 7 ° C. As the trout fish flow through the calcareous ponds, the acidity of their water is lowered and the water temperature is increased. Before the trout farm, the stream has water quality level I. After that, the water quality deteriorates due to the excretions of the fish. The cold water is z. Partly in the catchment area of the Bad Homburg Elisabethenstollen. In contrast to the neighboring Heuchelbach , which dries up longer in the upper reaches, the influence of this drinking water tunnel on the cold water is less obvious. Some of the main springs located at the quartzite / Hermeskeil sandstone layer boundary always carry water - in dry years like 1973 and 1976, however, only 0.15–0.20 l / s came from the strongest spring below the Homburger Hütte. In the years with more precipitation, the spring discharge here in summer is around 1 l / s. Due to seepage into drier bank areas, however, the brook dried up briefly in 1973 above the trout farm. When it rains, the wetlands in the Kalten Wassertal on the one hand soak up like sponges, on the other hand they also give off the rainwater again quickly when saturated. There is a lot of saturation surface runoff.
biosphere
Spruces , old birches and beeches grow in the headwaters . The forestry is gradually replacing the spruce with alder . The herb layer shows very nutrient-poor conditions. The wettest places are taken by peat moss , framed by the yellow flowers of the common loosestrife and stocks of rib fern on the banks of the stream.
Pipe grass dominates in the damp area . On the slopes of the valley, different variants of the beech forest are represented with blackberry , bilberry , common white moss and bracken . Down the valley, especially in the vicinity of less acidic springs, there are opposed spleen weed , marsh skullcap , swamp sedge and rush .
In the forest meadow between the Hölschersmühle and the Fischersmühle , cotton grass , fever clover , bristle grass and broad-leaved orchid are found. The stocks of wood lice herb and heart leaf have died out due to drainage and abandonment.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Google Earth
- ↑ Water map service of the Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Climate Protection, Agriculture and Consumer Protection ( information )
- ↑ a b c Water map service of the Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Climate Protection, Agriculture and Consumer Protection ( information )
- ↑ a b Oberurseler Bächen, Oberursel 2006
- ^ WFD in Hesse
- ↑ Schuhmacher Thomas: The discharge conditions of the cold water taking into account the geofactors. Diploma thesis in physical geography - Oberstedten 1984
- ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Bridges to Elisabethenschneise In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
- ^ Happel, Annette: Influence of acidification and fish ponds on the macrozoobenthos of a low mountain stream. German Society for Limnology 1993
- ↑ Schuhmacher Thomas: The discharge conditions of the cold water taking into account the geofactors. Diploma thesis in physical geography - Oberstedten 1984
literature
- Association for the Environment and Nature Conservation Germany eV Local association Oberursel / Steinbach: Oberurseler Bächer, Oberursel 2006
- Schuhmacher, Thomas: Investigations on the discharge conditions in the catchment area of the cold water taking into account the geofactors, Dipl. -arbeit Physical Geographie Oberstedten 1984