Karl Paryla
Karl Paryla (born August 12, 1905 in Vienna ; † July 14, 1996 there ) was an important Austrian theater actor and director who rarely appeared and directed in film and television . He belonged to the circle around Bertolt Brecht and Wolfgang Langhoff , who had formed at the Zürcher Schauspielhaus during the Nazi dictatorship . His last directorial work was in 1993 with the world premiere of Die Kantine by Wolfgang Bauer at the Schauspielhaus Graz .
Life
Paryla grew up in poor circumstances, made her debut at the Raimund Theater in Vienna after graduating from acting school and played in Germany from 1927 to 1933 ( Cologne , Düsseldorf , Breslau , Darmstadt ). He was a member of the Revolutionary Trade Union Opposition and headed a workers 'playgroup of the interest group for workers' culture in Wroclaw . After the National Socialists came to power in 1933, he returned to Vienna and became a member of the theater in der Josefstadt . After Austria's annexation in 1938, he emigrated to Switzerland, where he worked at the Schauspielhaus Zurich . In the world premiere of Brecht's mother Courage and her children , he played the Swiss cheese.
After his return he joined the Communist Party ( KPÖ ) in 1948 and ran the “ New Theater in der Scala ” with Wolfgang Heinz , which was closed in 1956. Like the theater, he fell victim to the “sanctions” of the Brecht boycott , and he was also not allowed to play the devil in Jedermann at the Salzburg Festival .
Paryla then went to East Berlin , later to West German theaters, where he worked as an actor and guest director. In Fritz Kortner's Munich production of Faust he played Mephisto, and in numerous Nestroy and Raimund roles the character actor underscored his comedic talent. In the 1960s, the Viennese theater critics resented his declared political stance and around 1962, on the occasion of his participation in Nestroy's The fateful Faschingsnacht at the Theater in der Josefstadt, indignantly asked whether a Bolshevik was allowed to play at the Josefstadt. The audience, however, was not impressed. In Cologne, Paryla caused a sensation with productions of Maxim Gorki's petty bourgeoisie and Elias Canetti's wedding . In the 1980s he directed performances at the Dario Fo street theater in Vienna.
Paryla was Emil Stöhr's brother . Paryla was married to Eva, geb. Steinmetz, from this marriage came his first son, the actor Michael Paryla , who died in 1967 , and his second marriage to the actress Hortense Raky . With her, their two sons Nikolaus and Stephan , who are both also active as actors today, he lived and worked for a while in East Berlin in the early years of the GDR . The actress Katja Paryla was his niece. His honorary grave is located in the Vienna Central Cemetery (Gr. 89, R. 18, No. 51).
Act
Movie and TV
The best-known of the few films in which he participated as an actor are Burgtheater (1936) and The Angel with the Trumpet (1948). In 1950 he played the role of Dr. Semmelweis - savior of the mothers in the film of the same name. He directed Der Komödiant von Wien (1954), a film adaptation of the life of the legendary actor Alexander Girardi . With a palpable passion he succeeded in filming a monument to the comedian and actor. I'm Thirsty (1956) is another lesser known film directed by Paryla.
Paryla was relatively rarely interested in television, but into old age. Notable TV appearances are his participation in Otto Schenk 's star-studded TV adaptations of Shakespeare dramas, such as B. in Was ihr wollt , where he was seen in 1973 alongside Josef Meinrad , Sabine Sinjen , Klaus Maria Brandauer , Christiane Hörbiger and Helmuth Lohner , but also in the television film Professor Bernhardi (1964) based on Arthur Schnitzler's drama.
theatre
The theater was Paryla's passion for life. From today's point of view, Paryla's greatest achievement, which cannot be assessed highly enough, was Johann Nepomuk Nestroy’s staging of a farce of political content in 1948 : Hell fear with the congenial stage music by Hanns Eisler . It marks the beginning of a serious examination of Nestroy's work after the Second World War and establishes Nestroy's current status as an Austrian classic , after Karl Kraus had already championed this popular representative of Viennese folk theater years earlier as a serious satirist and called him his role model. In 1990 Paryla, who later made a contribution to Nestroy's work, was awarded the Nestroy Ring .
For his production of the play Celestina by Carlo Terron was acting Cologne with an invitation to the 4th Berlin Theater Meeting in 1967 honored. An acting high point in Paryla's career, who played as a mime under important directors such as Ernst Lothar , Gustav Manker ( Johann Nestroy Das Haus der Temperamente and Ferdinand Raimund Der Bauer als Millionär ), Günther Haenel (Raimund Der Barometeracher auf der Zauberinsel ) or Otto Schenk , was the portrayal of Mephisto in Faust I by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in a production by Fritz Kortner with Gerd Brothers as Faust.
1986 awarded him the members of the Hamburg adult stage the prize Silver mask .
Paryla was "notorious" for his long rehearsals, which often lasted late into the night. It could happen that the actors - after the lighting technicians had gone home - had to continue working by candlelight. According to the motto: "When the actors are on the verge of a nervous breakdown, only then are they really good" (source: Brigitte Drummer, who worked with Paryla as an actress at the Cologne Theater).
When he was over 85 years old, he directed B. the world premiere of a capriccio by Wolfgang Bauer at the Vereinigte Bühnen Graz: Die Kantine in 1991. As a professor in the field of drama, Paryla promoted young actors. a. Douglas Welbat took acting classes with him for three years.
Awards
- 1953: National Prize of the GDR, 2nd class for art and literature
- 1959: National Prize of the GDR III. Art and literature class
- 1980: Karl Skraup Prize
- 1981: Vienna Medal of Honor in gold
- 1987: Federal Cross of Merit, 1st class
- 1990: Johann-Nestroy-Ring of the City of Vienna
- 1996: Cross of Honor for Science and Art, 1st class
Filmography
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literature
- Anna Beck: Karl Paryla . In: Andreas Kotte (Ed.): Theater Lexikon der Schweiz . Volume 2, Chronos, Zurich 2005, ISBN 3-0340-0715-9 , p. 1373.
- Evelyn Deutsch-Schreiner: Paryla, Karl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-428-00201-6 , p. 80 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Hannes Heer , Sven Fritz, Heike Brummer, Jutta Zwilling: Silent voices: the expulsion of the "Jews" and "politically intolerable" from the Hessian theaters 1933 to 1945 . Metropol, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-86331-013-4 , pp. 236-238.
- Kay Less : 'In life, more is taken from you than given ...'. Lexicon of filmmakers who emigrated from Germany and Austria between 1933 and 1945. A general overview. P. 387 f., ACABUS-Verlag, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86282-049-8
Web links
- Karl Paryla in theInternet Movie Database(English)
- Literature by and about Karl Paryla in the catalog of the German National Library
- Personal data and awards of Karl Paryla in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
- Died: Karl Paryla - Der Spiegel 30/1996 , spiegel.de, July 22, 1996
- Report on the death of Karl Paryla in der Zeit , zeit.de, July 19, 1996
Individual evidence
- ^ Paulus Manker : The theater man Gustav Manker . Search for clues. Amalthea, Vienna 2010, ISBN 978-3-85002-738-0 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Paryla, Karl |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian theater actor and director |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 12, 1905 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 14, 1996 |
| Place of death | Vienna |