Osterhofen monastery
The Osterhofen monastery is a former abbey of the Premonstratensian order and today the women's monastery of the Congregatio Jesu . It is located in the Altenmarkt district of the city of Osterhofen in Bavaria and belongs to the Diocese of Passau .
history
The monastery consecrated to St. Margareta was a collegiate monastery from 1004/1009 to 1138 . From 1138 it was converted into a Premonstratensian monastery and elevated to an abbey in 1288 , Ulrich von Hochheim the first abbot. The allocation of the monastery to the monastery was disputed between the bishopric of Passau and the electorate of Bavaria . Osterhofen burned down in 1701. The church and monastery were magnificently rebuilt under Abbot Paulus Wieninger. Looted in the Austrian War of Succession in 1744 and increasingly insolvent, the monastery was dissolved by papal decree in 1783. The last abbot Michael III. Liggleder received lifelong residence rights and an annual grant of 600 guilders. The monastery was donated to the newly founded aristocratic women's monastery in Munich by the elector's widow Maria Anna .
The magnificent Asambasilika, built by Johann Michael Fischer and the Asam brothers Cosmas Damian and Egid Quirin, became the parish church in 1818. The women's monastery sold the building to the state in 1833. In 1858 they took over Englische Fräulein . In 1938 parts of the facility were demolished. Until 2015, the sisters ran a girls' secondary school and a technical school for housekeeping and social services in the monastery buildings.
List of Abbots
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The monastery church
In 1701 the former Gothic church of the monastery was damaged by fire. After a collapse of parts of the vault and long negotiations, the dilapidated old church was demolished with the exception of the choir and rebuilt from 1726 by the Munich builder Johann Michael Fischer . Fischer loosened up the long rectangular building inside with numerous curves and ovals. A roof turret replaced the twin towers of the previous building, the stumps of which were included in the new building .
Egid Quirin Asam and Cosmas Damian Asam designed the interior. Because of the lavish interior with rich stucco , the building is considered a masterpiece of late Baroque church architecture. The huge ceiling fresco from 1732 shows scenes from the life of the founder of the Premonstratensian Norbert von Xanten . Under the tower, the painter Cosmas Damian Asam portrayed himself as a repentant customs officer.
The mighty high altar by Egid Quirin Asam is one of the most important creations of the Bavarian Baroque. The influence of Bernini's bronze canopy in St. Peter's Basilica , where Asam had recently stayed on a trip to Italy, is unmistakable : four twisted columns support a canopy with the Lamb of God as a crown. The oversized altarpiece by Cosmas Damian Asam (dated 1732) shows the beheading of the church patron Margaret.
The first two side altars from 1731 to 1735 are also decorated with rich figurative representations. On the left an enthroned Madonna holds rosaries to Saint Dominic and Catherine of Siena , on the right the holy clan gathers around mother Anna . The side chapel altars with Saints Norbert and Nepomuk were made in 1734/35, the pulpit in 1735.
The monastery church, also known as the Asambasilika von Altenmarkt, was consecrated in 1740 and in 1983 raised to the status of a papal basilica ( basilica minor ).
On March 1, 2008, the top of the church tower was destroyed by hurricane Emma and thrown into the roof of the basilica. The tower was then restored to its previous state.
Web links
- Website of the former collegiate church and current parish church, the papal Asambasilika: www.asambasilika.de
- For more information, see: Monasteries in Bavaria
- Website of Osterhofen, regarding the monastery: Sights of the city of Osterhofen
- Website art picture gallery, altar in Osterhofen: Scene decapitation of St. Margaretha
Individual evidence
- ^ Johann Heinrich Schön: The Osterhofen monastery and its abbots , 1996, accessed on April 26, 2020.
- ^ Josef Breinbauer: Land estates of the Hochstift Passau. published on February 22, 2010, In: Historisches Lexikon Bayerns ( Online ), accessed on April 26, 2020.
- ↑ asambasilika.de: Hurricane Emma beheads the Asambasilika
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Baden-Württemberg: Our Lady in Constance 1955 | St. Martin in Weingarten 1956 | St. Georg in Walldürn 1962 | St. Vitus in Ellwangen 1964 | The Visitation of the Virgin Mary in Birnau 1971 | St. Martin in Ulm-Wiblingen 1993 | St. Georg in Ochsenhausen 2019
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Saarland: St. Wendalinus in St. Wendel 1960 | St. Johann in Saarbrücken 1975
Saxony: Holy Cross in Wechselburg 2018
Coordinates: 48 ° 41 ′ 29.8 ″ N , 13 ° 0 ′ 55.1 ″ E