Kohlbach (Kraichbach)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kohlbach
Kohlbach in Sulzfeld

Kohlbach in Sulzfeld

Data
Water code DE : 237922
location Baden-Württemberg
River system Rhine
Drain over Kraichbach  → Rhine  → North Sea
source In the Sulzfelder Kohlbachwald next to the K 3509 Ochsenburg – Sulzfeld soon after the district boundary
49 ° 4 ′ 59 ″  N , 8 ° 53 ′ 7 ″  E
Source height approx.  300  m above sea level NN
muzzle In Oberderdingen - Flehingen at the moated castle from the right and east in the Kraichbach Coordinates: 49 ° 5 '14 "  N , 8 ° 46' 37"  E 49 ° 5 '14 "  N , 8 ° 46' 37"  E
Mouth height little below  160  m above sea level NN
Height difference approx. 140 m
Bottom slope approx. 12 ‰
length 11.6 km   official upper course from K 3509
12.1 km  upper course from Hartwald
Catchment area 46.899 km²
Left tributaries Humsterbach
See also → tributaries
Right tributaries See → tributaries
Communities on the brook: Sulzfeld , Zaisenhausen , Oberderdingen
only EZG : Sternenfels , Kürnbach
EZG-Schnipsel: Zaberfeld , Eppingen , Kraichtal

The Kohlenbach is around 12 kilometers long brook in the Kraichgau in the northwest of Baden-Wuerttemberg , who in the community town of Flehingen of Oberderdingen in the district of Karlsruhe on the right and east to the Rhine influx Kraichbach flows.

geography

course

The Kohlbach arises on an eaves section of the elongated reed sandstone step, in which the Stromberg and the Heuchelberg flow northwest between Bretten and Eppingen . The headwaters are located in the extreme south of the Sulzfeld municipality marker in the Kohlbachwald and the immediately adjacent Eppingen- Mühlbacher local marker in the southernmost Hartwald forest . The official source is about 300  m above sea level. NN at the beginning of a northeast running forest blade in the Kohlbachwald next to the road from Ochsenburg to Sulzfeld. Another spring, identified by name on maps as the Kohlbrunnen , runs towards the blade a little further down from the upper right edge of the slope; Already in the Hartwald there is another, unnamed and about 0.5 km longer right source branch a little higher. Already noticeably deepened, the unified Kohlbach runs from this inlet between large old reed sandstone quarries that begin on both upper slopes of the slope, roughly to the north, before it leaves the forest, before the first vineyard slope on the Föhrenberg, it deviates to the northwest and out of the contour of the forest mountains the upstream Kraichgau hilly landscape changed over.

Here the brook begins in a wide curve to the north and back again to about the same width, which extends to Flehingen; its mostly right, sun-exposed slopes are now often planted with vines. First the flat valley floor widens strongly, the brook passes about 80 m below the Ravensburg on a crest of a right marginal spur and crosses Sulzfeld, where it tumbles for a long time. At its northern end, the Kraichgaubahn Heilbronn - Karlsruhe exits a tunnel in the east into the valley and then follows the stream for almost its entire remaining course at the left foot of the slope. After Sulzfeld, the nature reserve Kohlbachtal and adjacent areas begin almost at the middle of the bend in the floodplain , which, with the exception of populated areas , extends to the point of its mouth along the stream and also includes tributaries running into the valley. The first, somewhat larger, empties from the right at the Sulzfelder Egonmühle , then the stream turns more and more to the southwest, changes to the Zaisenhausen municipality, the B 293 descends near the border from Eppingen in the northeast into the valley and then follows on the slope side the railway line. In the village of Zaisenhausen the 2.4 km long Claffenbrunnenbächle flows from the right from the north and a shorter hunger ditch from the left, after the village another 2.7 km long hunger ditch from the left. Shortly thereafter there is a sulfur spring on the boundary of the district , which was once used as a healing spring.

At the following settlement edge of the Oberderdingen suburb of Flehingen , the large creek arch ends at the inlet of the Humsterbach, the longest tributary (8.5 km) from Kürnbach in the east, which arises southeast of it in a spring location very similar to the Kohlbach . The remaining 0.9 km of its course, the combined stream runs through Flehingen to the west and then flows at the Flehingen moated castle from the left and at almost 160  m above sea level. NN in the here northwest moving Kraichbach , which is more than two kilometers shorter here.

Tributaries

As a rule, water lengths according to the relevant data sets from LUBW-FG10, water areas and catchment areas according to those from LUBW-SG10 and LUBW-GEZG. Heights according to the contour line image on the geodata viewer. Different sources are noted.

Source of the Kohlbach a good one kilometer northwest of Zaberfeld - Ochsenburg next to the K 3509 from there to Sulzfeld in the beginning Sulzfelder Kohlbachwald at about 300  m above sea level. NN . Bach initially runs northeast.

  • Inflow from the Kohlbrunnen , from the right about 200 m from the official source at about 260  m above sea level. NN , approx. 0.148 km. Spring height about 290  m above sea level. NN .
  • Longer source branch, from the right about 400 m from the official source to about 247  m above sea level. NN , 0.936 km. Arises at almost 320  m above sea level. NN in the southwestern tip of the Eppinger Hartwald , about 250 m north of the edge of the forest with a section of the Eppinger lines . Bach runs from here north-northwest.
  • Occurs about 950 m from the official source at a swampy edge of the forest at about 225  m above sea level. NN in a southern bay.
  • Leaves about 1250 m from the official source at about 215  m above sea level. NN its forest bay and turns in front of the southern slope of the vineyard of the Föhrenberg to west-northwest.
  • Last inflow from the edge of the forest in the south, from the left to about 205  m above sea level. NN , approx. 0.404 km. Arises below 220  m above sea level. NN . The valley is now a wide and flat hollow.
  • Passes the Sulzfelder Seemühle at about 200  m above sea level. NN . The stream then turns on a northwest course.
  • Inflow from the foot of the vineyard slope on Leiberg , from the left on the south-eastern outskirts of Sulzfeld , 1.031 km. Arises in the Gewann Büsch at below 230  m above sea level. NN . Is piped at the lower reaches in the built-up area.
  • Inflow from the foot of the Letten vineyard , from the right before the bridge of the main road leaving the village to the north at a little over 185  m above sea level. NN , 0.983 km. Arises east of the Sonnenfeldhof at about 210  m above sea level. NN . Long piped. Then turn west and enter the nature reserve Kohlbachtal and adjacent areas .
  • Inflow from the Gewann Pfarrteich , from the left at the Egonmühle at about 177  m above sea level. NN , 1.118 km. Arises at about 197  m above sea level. NN and runs on the longest route as a left meadow companion.
  • Inflow from the north, a few steps later, 1.327 km and 2.710 km². Arises in the Gewann Hesselsee on the western edge of the Forlenwald at about 200  m above sea level. NN . After this confluence, the brook turns more and more to the southwest.
  • Hungergraben (!), From the left at the bridge on Hildastraße in Zaisenhausen to the cemetery at about 173  m above sea level. NN , 1.659 km. Arises at the northern tip of the Hägenich forest at about 192  m above sea level. NN .
  • Claffenbrunnenbächle , immediately afterwards from the right, 2.38 km and 2.302 km². Arises in the Sauloch corridor next to a road at about 210  m above sea level. NN .
  • Mörsbach , from the left to Zaisenhausen below the mill at 168  m above sea level. NN , 1.285 km. Arises next to the Hederichsberg at about 180  m above sea level. NN , runs as a ditch next to dirt roads and road and takes in front of the mill a short, above blind ending canal remnant in the floodplain, in the lower reaches of which it runs past to the mouth.
  • Hungergraben (!), From the left almost opposite the Mörsbach , 2.739 km and 4.302 km². Arises below the Hahnenberg vineyard slope on the southern edge of the Hägenich at about 202  m above sea level. NN and runs through the Breidingerbruch .
  • Feldweggraben from Götzenrain , from the right to about 167  m above sea level. NN , 1.329 km. Arises on the edge of the K 3512 at about 210  m above sea level. NN .
  • Drainage ditch for a sulfur spring on the left edge of the floodplain, almost opposite the previous one, approx. 0.148 km.
  • Pond on the left bank of 0.085 ha, a little after that.
  • Passes in the east of Oberderdingen - Flehingen between sports fields the associated Sickinger mill at about 164  m above sea level. NN .
  • Humsterbach , from the left and southeast in Flehingen before crossing the Franz-vom-Sickingen-Straße at about 163  m above sea level. NN , 8.49 km and 17.318 km². Arises east-northeast of Sternenfels between the L 1103 to Zaberfeld - Leonbronn and a section of the Eppinger lines at around 285  m above sea level. NN . The Kohlbach then runs just under a kilometer west through Flehingen.
  • Short runoff of a 0.1338 hectare pond in the right floodplain almost opposite.

Mouth of the Kohlbach after a run of 11.593 km from the official source at the Flehinger Wasserschloss from the left and east and at almost 160  m above sea level. NN in the here northwest moving Kraichbach , which here itself is only 9.216 km long.

Catchment area

The Kohlbach has a catchment area of ​​46.899 km², to which its large left lower tributary Humsterbach contributes 17.318 km². About 14 km² and thus around 30% of it belongs to the western heights of the Stromberg and Heuchelberg mountains , the rest to the lower Kraichgau hill country. The catchment area has roughly the shape of a parallelogram with corners in the south-southeast, east, north-north-west and west, the slightly longer diagonal of which is about 10 km from south-south-east to north-north-west and the shorter of which is about 9 km from east to west. In it, the Kohlbach makes a wide north curve almost from the most easterly point to almost the most westerly point, while the Humsterbach, after a short north run from near the south-south-west corner, then runs in a straight line approximately to the west.

At almost 160  m above sea level. NN lowest point is at the confluence of the Kohlbach in the Kraichbach in Flehingen in the far west. From this the watershed runs north to the Flehinger Luisenhof. From there it runs on the ridge towards the catchment area of ​​the downward Kraichbach tributary Eschbach, initially on the Hohen Strasse northeast to a hilltop at 269.3  m above sea level. NN north of the forest strip Schwalbenrain , the highest point on this side of the catchment area, where the border now meets the catchment area of ​​the upper Elsenz , which reaches the Rhine north over the lower Neckar .

Shortly afterwards it reaches its north-north-westerly point, then turns to the south-east and soon runs close to the right valley shoulder of the Kohlbach, which it faces after passing 285.8  m above sea level. NN high Sulzfelder Ravensburg on the 264.6  m above sea level. NN high Föhrenberg approaches up to less than half a kilometer. Then she climbed the north-western edge platform of Heuchel- and Stromberg over the hillside forest, where she entered the Hartwald at about 335  m above sea level at the entrance of the Ochsenburg – Mühlbach road . NN reaches the easternmost point of the catchment area, in the vicinity of which the longer right source branch of the Kohlbach arises.

From here the flat, open plateau on the other side of the Zaber drains eastward to the central Neckar , close to its eaves the catchment area border of the Kohlbach runs south-south-west and reaches the ascent to the next, completely wooded step of the Stromberg between Leonbronn and Sternenfels, after which you climb Water reservoir about one kilometer southeast of Sternenfels on its north eaves at 416.6  m above sea level. NN reached the highest and southernmost point of the catchment area in its south-southwest corner. On the other side of the river, their large tributary Kirbach competes for a short stretch and then the Metter itself to the lower Enz .

Over the spur of the Schloßberg , the watershed now rises rapidly northwest down to Sternenfels on the lower elevation of the Stromberg at 310  m above sea level. NN , crosses the village and then immediately descends again into the Kraichgau hill country, where it is on the right shoulder of the slope at heights below 220  m above sea level. NN at a distance of often only a few hundred meters follows the Kraichbach on the right side back to the mouth of the Kohlbach at the western tip of the catchment area.

geology

The catchment area is in the Mittelkeuper . The Kohlbach begins its course in the reed sandstone ( Stuttgart Formation ), which lines the northwestern edge of Heuchel and Stromberg in a broad southeast-northwestern strip far beyond the catchment area and here the first terrain level above the Kraichgau hills at about 310  m above sea level. NN height forms. At about the first bend in direction, the stream enters the Gipskeuper ( Grabfeld formation ), in which it remains up to the mouth.

The higher elevation of the Stromberg south-east of the road from Sternenfels to Leonbronn above the sources of the Humsterbach extends over the marl slope of the Bannhalde into higher layers of the Mittelkeuper. Loess sediments cover part of the reed sandstone of the middle terrain level and large parts of the hilly landscape below. The Quaternary valley fillings in the wide Gipskeuper valley of the Kohlbach begin already south of Sulzfeld, in the valley of the Humsterbach at its western turn in Kürnbach.

On the southeastern forest heights of Sulzfeld, on the eaves east of Kürnbach and around Sternenfels, reed sandstone used to be mined over days. At the west foot of the Ravensburg there is a larger old quarry in Gipskeuper. Some geotopes show details of the sequence of layers.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b According to the contour line image on the geodata viewer.
  2. ↑ According to LUBW-FG10 (data record entry).
  3. ↑ According to LUBW-FG10 (data record entries).
  4. ↑ a b Sum of the sub-catchment areas according to LUBW-GEZG (data record entries).
  5. ↑ According to the polygon on LUBW-FG10.
  6. ↑ Number from the district and municipal boundary, previously K 2060.
  7. ↑ a b c Measured on the geodata viewer.
  8. ↑ Labeling in blue at the mouth on the geodata viewer.
  9. ↑ Geology according to LGRB-GÜK300, geotopes see LGRB-GTP.

literature

  • “TK25”: Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg North, as single sheet No. 6818 Kraichtal, No. 6819 Eppingen, No. 6918 Bretten and No. 6919 Güglingen

Web links

Geoportal Baden-Württemberg ( information ), especially with the partial maps / layers