Krajenka
| Krajenka | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Greater Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Złotowski | ||
| Area : | 3.77 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 17 ′ N , 16 ° 59 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 3647 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 77-430 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 67 | ||
| License plate : | PZL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 188 : Piła ↔ Złotów - Człuchów | ||
| Ext. 190 : Krajenka - Wysoka - Szamocin - Wągrowiec - Gniezno | |||
| Rail route : | PKP line 426: Piła ↔ Tczew | ||
| Next international airport : | Poznań-Ławica | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Surface: | 192.00 km² | ||
| Residents: | 7539 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 39 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3031033 | ||
| Administration (as of 2012) | |||
| Mayor : | Stefan Kitela | ||
| Address: | ul. Jagiełły 9 77-430 Krajenka |
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| Website : | www.krajenka.pl | ||
Krajenka ( German Krojanke ) is a city in the Polish Voivodeship of Greater Poland in the powiat Złotowski with about 3650 inhabitants. In the place is the seat of the town and country municipality ( gmina miejsko-wiejska ).
Geographical location
The city is located in the historic West Prussia landscape on the north bank of the Glumia River, about nine kilometers south of Flatow ( Złotów ) and 23 kilometers northeast of Schneidemühl ( Piła ). The Krainaer Seenplatte runs to the east. The area of the urban and rural community extends over 191.79 km².
history
The origin of the place lies on the castle hill to the west, on which there was a Wendish fortification in the early Middle Ages . The surrounding area was the border area between Pomerania and Poland, called " Kraina " (German "Grenzland"). From 1343 the area belonged temporarily to the Kingdom of Poland. The foundation of the village goes back to the Polish nobleman Andrzej Danaborski, who is said to have acquired town charter for the village of Magdeburg from King Władysław II Jagiełło in 1420 . According to another opinion, Krojanke remained a village and only received city rights in 1709. The city used the family coat of arms of its founder as its coat of arms. In the following years the owners of the village changed frequently.
The most important occupation of the inhabitants was agriculture, from 1654 beer was brewed commercially in the city. In the 18th century attempts were made to open a new line of business with silkworm breeding. In 1703, the St. Nicholas Church was built into the west wing of the castle built by the Danaborski family for the Catholic community.
During the first Polish partition in 1772, the village of Krojanke, which at that time had about 900 inhabitants, came under the Kingdom of Prussia and was assigned to the network district. After the Prussian administrative reform of 1815, the city was incorporated into the Flatow district in the West Prussian administrative district of Marienwerder. The number of inhabitants grew steadily, in 1857 there were already 2,061 people living in Krojanke. Since there were many Protestants among the immigrants, the construction of a Protestant church began in 1846 according to plans by Carl Friedrich Schinkel on the market square. Numerous new residential buildings were built on the road to Flatow ( Złotów ). In 1871 the station for the Prussian Eastern Railway (now the Tczew – Küstrin – Kietz border ) was opened on the south bank of the Glumia River . A sand-lime brick and sawmill settled in its vicinity. At the beginning of the 20th century, Krojanke had a Protestant church, a Catholic church and an old knight's castle.
When, after the First World War, due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty, large parts of West Prussia had to be ceded to the Second Polish Republic for the establishment of the Polish Corridor , Krojanke was incorporated into the newly created Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia province with part of the Flatow district. On June 21, 1924, Krojanke went down in legal history. The former rulership of the Prussian Prince Friedrich Leopold , including Krojanke, was recognized as private property by a ruling by the Imperial Court, and an important fundamental decision was made on the compensation claims of the German nobility in the Weimar Republic . When the province of Grenzmark was dissolved in 1938, Krojanke came to Pomerania. In 1939 the population had grown to 3,233.
Buildings in the old town
Cultural center
Half-timbered house
At the beginning of the 1930s, the district of the town of Krojanke had an area of 42.6 km², and there were a total of 456 residential buildings in 17 different residential areas in the urban area:
- Krojanke train station
- Barankower Feld
- Erdmannshof
- Forsthaus Kleinheide
- Good Barankowo
- Heidenfelde
- Cold place
- Krojanke
- Langerberg
- Lessniker field
- Lonsker field
- Sakollnower Feld
- Barn district
- Rifle house
- Tarnowker Bush
- Vorwerk Dombrowo
- Wonzower way
In 1925 3,463 inhabitants were counted, which were distributed over 807 households.
As the Second World War neared its end, many townspeople tried to flee from the approaching war front in early 1945 . During the conquest by the Red Army , Krojanke was badly damaged, and only a few houses remained in the city center. After the end of the war, Krojanke was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement, along with all of Western Pomerania , all of West Prussia and the southern half of East Prussia . The Polish place name Krajenka was introduced for Krojanke . As far as the inhabitants had not fled, they were expelled from Krojanke in the following period . The Polish immigrants came mainly from the areas east of the Curzon Line that had fallen to the Soviet Union as part of the " West shift of Poland " .
In place of the destroyed houses, apartment blocks were built, and it was not until 1960 that the pre-war level was reached again with 3,100 inhabitants.
Demographics
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1772 | 900 | |
| 1783 | 848 | including 400 Protestants, 248 Catholics and 200 Jews |
| 1805 | 1,946 | thereof 1,203 Christians and 743 Jews |
| 1822 | 1,733 | of which 859 Protestants, 362 Catholics and 512 Jews |
| 1852 | 3,063 | 1,797 Protestants, 668 Catholics and 648 Jews |
| 1864 | 3,245 | including 1,874 Protestants, 755 Catholics and 616 Jews |
| 1871 | 3.234 | including 1,870 Evangelicals and 760 Catholics (330 Poles ) |
| 1875 | 3,303 | |
| 1880 | 3,531 | |
| 1890 | 3,344 | of which 1,781 Protestants, 1,055 Catholics and 509 Jews (400 Poles ) |
| 1900 | 3,413 | mostly evangelicals |
| 1925 | 3,464 | 1,865 Protestants, 1,262 Catholics and 320 Jews |
| 1933 | 3,345 | |
| 1939 | 3.233 |
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1945 | 150 | |
| 1960 | 3,100 | |
| 2007 | 3,647 |
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Erich Wolfsfeld (born April 27, 1884 in Krojanke, † March 29, 1956 in London), German graphic artist, painter and etcher
- Otto Lippert (born July 6, 1887 in Krojanke, † December 15, 1937 in Wetzla), had a painting business in Kojanke and Wetzla
- Julius Meyer (born September 17, 1909 in Krojanke, † December 2, 1979 in Brazil), politician and president of the Association of Jewish Communities in the GDR
Connected to the city
- Friedrich Leopold of Prussia (1865–1931) had possessions in Krojanke
traffic
To the neighboring town of Piła ( Schneidemühl ) lead the voivodship road 188 and the Tczew – Küstrin – Kietz border line .
Gmina Krojanke
The urban and rural municipality of Krajenka covers an area of 192 km². The number of inhabitants is more than 7,000, almost half of whom live in the city itself.
47% of the area of the municipality is used for agriculture. Forest area makes up 48% of the area of the municipality. The wood industry in particular developed in it, namely: sawmills, wood processing companies and furniture factories. Food businesses emerged to a lesser extent: bakeries and butchers. In addition, various service companies have been set up to meet the needs of the population.
The municipality consists of the following localities:
| Surname | German name (until 1945) |
|---|---|
| Augustowo | Augustowo (1914–1945 Augustendorf ) |
| Barankowo | Barankower Feld |
| Czajcze | Waldhof |
| Dolnik | Dollnik (1926–1945 Wittenburg ) |
| Głubczyn | Glubczyn (1909–1926 Glubschin , 1926–1945 Steinau ) |
| Krajenka | Krojanke |
| Leśnik | Leßnick (1926–1945 Lessendorf ) |
| Łońsko | Lonsker field |
| Maryniec | Marienwalde |
| Paruszka | Paruschke (1926–1945 Treuenheide ) |
| Podróżna | Podrusen (1927–1945 Prussia field ) |
| Pogórze | Sakollnower Feld |
| Skórka | Schönfeld |
| Śmiardowo Krajeńskie | Smirdowo near Krojanke (1909–1945 Schmirtenau ) |
| Tarnówczyn | Tarnowker Bush |
| Wąsoszki | Wonzower way |
| Żeleźnica | hammer |
literature
- Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete Topography of the Kingdom of Prussia , Volume 2, Marienwerder 1789, Part I, p. 102, No. 8).
- Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Schmitt : The Flatow district. In all of his relationships . Thorn 1867, pp. 251-264.
- Otto Goerke: The Flatow district. Represented in geographical, natural history and historical relation . [1. Edition 1918] 2nd edition, Gifhorn 1981, with an addendum on the period from 1918 to 1945 by Manfred Vollack (902 pages, 113 illustrations, 7 maps).
- Home book for the Flatow district - Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia - Pomerania Province . Published by the home district committee for the Flatow district with the support of the Gifhorn sponsorship group. Printing: Karl Neef oHG (Wittingen), Gifhorn 1971.
Web links
- Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association: The town of Krojanke in the former Flatow district in Pomerania (2011)
- William Remus: Krojanke (Krajenka), Flatow District, West Prussia (2008) (English)
- Official website of the city and municipality of Krajenka (Polish)
- landkartenarchiv.de: Krojanke on Continental road map, Map 15 - Bromberg (1921–1930)
Footnotes
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 11, Leipzig and Vienna 1907, p. 727.
- ↑ a b c d e f g http://stadt.krojanke.kreis-flatow.de/
- ↑ a b c d e Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Schmitt : The Flatow district. Shown in all its relationships . Lambeck, Thorn 1867, p. 297.
- ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Schmitt : Topography of the Flatower circle . In: Prussian Provincial Papers , Other Series, Volume VII, Königsberg 1855, p. 116.
- ^ E. Jacobson: Topographical-statistical manual for the administrative district Marienwerder . Danzig 1868, Ortschafts-V Realnis, pp. 8–9, item 96.
- ^ Gustav Neumann: Geography of the Prussian State . 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 56-57, item 12.
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. flatow.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Główny Urząd Statystyczny, "LUDNOŚĆ - STAN I STRUKTURA W PRZEKROJU TERYTORIALNYM", as of June 30, 2007 ( Memento of February 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
