Kyzyl

city Kyzyl Кызыл flag coat of arms Federal district Siberia republic Tuva Urban district Kyzyl Founded 1914 Earlier names Belozarsk, Chem-Beldyr City since 1914 surface 112  km² population 109,918 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 981 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 631  m Time zone UTC + 7 Telephone code (+7) 39422 Post Code 66700x License Plate 17th OKATO 93 401 Website www.mkyzyl.ru Geographical location Coordinates 51 ° 43 '  N , 94 ° 27'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 43 '0 "  N , 94 ° 27' 0"  E

Situation in Russia

Location in Tuva

List of cities in Russia

Kyzyl ( Russian Кызы́л , Tuvinian Кызыл ) is the capital of the Russian republic of Tuva in southern Siberia and has 109,918 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010). The city lies at 631 m above sea level at the confluence of the Big and Small Yenisei . “Kyzyl” means “red” in the Tuvinian language and comes from the old Turkish Qyzyl (compare Turkish Kızıl ).

geography

Kyzyl, the "center of Asia"

According to calculations by the British geographer Douglas Carruthers from the early 20th century, Kyzyl claims to be near the geographic center of Asia . The capital of Tuva is located on a plateau at the confluence of the Big and Small Yenisei (Tuvinian Bii-Chem and Kaa-Chem , “Big” and “Little River”) to the Yenisei, here Upper Yenisei (Tuvinian Ulug-Chem , roughly “Mighty River ") called.

history

The city was founded in 1914 as Belozarsk (Russian Белоца́рск ). From 1918 to 1926 the city was called Chem-Beldyr or Chem-Beldir (Russian Хем-Бельды́р or Хем-Бельди́р ), which means something like "city on the river" or "city on the rivers". Then it got its current name and was the capital of the independent Tuvinian People's Republic until 1944 .

The obelisk , which marks the center of Asia, was created in 1964 on the 20th anniversary of Tuva's accession to the Soviet Union by the sculptor W. F. Djomin and the architects W. I. Bashin and W. P. Wetschinow.

In 1992, with the new national coat of arms and the new flag, the symbolism of the Tuvinian People's Republic, which existed until 1944, was revived, although Tuva is now part of the Russian Federation as an autonomous republic as a federal subject.

Population development

Yurt near Kyzyl

year	Residents
1939	10,000
1959	34,462
1970	51,683
1979	66,027
1989	84,641
2002	104.105
2010	109,918

Note: census data from 1959

Culture

Monument to the Shepherd, Kyzyl

In Kyzyl there are some universities, many technical schools, other educational institutions and high schools. A clinic of shamans is located very close to the mark of the center of Asia. There are many medicinal springs on the territory of Tuva, in Tuvan "arshaan". One is just outside the city, near the shepherd monument .

Steinmetzbrunnen, Kyzyl

In the center of Kyzyl is the large Lenin Square with a carved fountain, music and drama theater, the house of artists, cinema, post office and government buildings. Tuwa is known for its stone carvings made of agalmatolite , colloquially soapstone or gypsum stone. The Tuvins call him "Tschanordasch". The Tuvinian hunters and cattle breeders carved animals, their environment, even fantasy creatures and typical scenes of their everyday life from agalmatolite. Such stone carvings go back to the Scythian period. Kyzyl is also home to a national museum that is well worth a visit.

On April 1, 2006, the Tuvinian Theater celebrated its 70th birthday and the 100th birthday of its founder, the author and actor Viktor Kok-ool.

economy

The “Kyzyl” hotel is the oldest hotel in the city and is a four-story building in the center of Kyzyl. The other hotels "Mongulek", "Odugen" and "Cottage" are on the banks of the Yenisei. Camp Ai offers a yurt instead of rooms and is located about 25 km from Kyzyl on the Great Yenisei.

In the Tuva there are deposits of gold , coal , rock salt and asbestos , which are processed in the city.

traffic

Kyzyl is on the Russian M54 highway , which runs from Krasnoyarsk to the Mongolian border. By bus, the journey on the Ussinsker Trakt road from Abakan via West Sayan, mentioned on this section, takes about 11 hours, by car in normal weather conditions it takes less than 6 hours. The other of the two roads leading to Tuva reaches Kyzyl via a route further west from Abakan via Abasa , the 2206  m high Sajanski Pass and Ak-Dowurak (trunk road A161 to Ak-Dowurak, then A162 ).

The nearest train station is in Abakan. So far there is no railway line to Tuva. The construction of the Kyzyl – Kuragino railway line was decided on May 20, 2006.

Kyzyl owns the Kyzyl airport with a connection to Abakan (duration about 40 minutes) and, since September 2010, again to Krasnoyarsk and Novosibirsk (with an eight-seater Pilatus PC-12 from the airline Dexter ). Until the early 1990s, there were also five-hour direct flights to Moscow.

sons and daughters of the town

• Roman Sentschin (* 1971), writer

Climate table

As in the rest of Siberia, the climate of Ksyl is extremely strong, qualifies as semiarid ( BSk ) due to the lack of precipitation and the warm summers . Although Kyzyl is at a similar latitude as Duisburg , the winters are around 30 degrees colder, the January mean is minus 28.7 ° C. The reason is the mountains of Kazakhstan and the extreme distance from a sea. The summers, on the other hand, are very warm with a July mean of 20.5 ° C.

Kyzyl
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     9   -25 -35     4th   -19 -32     3   -5 -19     5   11 -3     14th   20th 4th     45   25th 11     47   27 13     44   24 11     22nd   18th 4th     8th   7th -6     10   -10 -20     12   -22 -31 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: Roshydromet

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Kyzyl Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) −25.2 −19.2 −5.0 10.7 19.9 25.4 26.6 24.3 17.8 7.4 −9.9 −22.3 O 4.3 Min. Temperature (° C) −35.0 −32.0 −19.2 −2.9 4.4 10.7 13.2 10.7 3.8 −5.6 −19.7 −31.1 O −8.5 Precipitation ( mm ) 9 4th 3 5 14th 45 47 44 22nd 8th 10 12 Σ 223 Rainy days ( d ) 3 2 1 1 4th 6th 7th 8th 5 2 3 4th Σ 46 Source: Roshydromet

Web links

Commons : Kyzyl  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Kyzyl on mojgorod.ru (Russian)

swell

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ^ Putin Chose Tuva as a Holiday Place for his Honorable Guest
3. ↑ Decision to build a railway to Kyzyl  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
4. ↑ Kyzyl-Krasnoyarsk flights now run daily and are more comfortable
5. ↑ Daily flights from Kyzyl to Krasnoyarsk and Novosibirsk start on the first day of September