Landlordship of Hamm and Horn
The Mansion shaft Hamm and Horn was a pre-modern administrative district for the east of Hamburg location, land area of the Free and Hanseatic city. It existed since the 15th century and extended from the stone gate to the border to Wandsbek and Schiffbek (today Billstedt ). It was administered by one or two Hamburg senators each , who were referred to as landlords . The sovereignty was united in 1830 as part of a territorial reform with other areas to form the sovereignty of the Geestlande .
area
In addition to the namesake villages and today's Hamburg districts of Hamm and Horn , the land rulership also included the area of today's districts of St. Georg (with the exception of the local hospital ), Borgfelde , Hammerbrook , Uhlenhorst , Eilbek south of Wandsbeker Chaussee and the Fuhlsbüttel exclave .
In the north the rulership bordered on the possessions of the Hamburg Johanniskloster (Winterhude) and the Heiligengeist Hospital (Barmbek and Eilbek), in the east on Holstein and in the south on the rulership of Bill- and Ochsenwärder .
Until Gottorper contract in 1768 and eleven other villages from the Holstein belonged Office Reinbek to that in Hamburg pledge possession were: Sande, Lohbrügge , shop Beck , Boberg , (Kirch) Steinbek, Schiffbek, Shleymi, Öjendorf , East Steinbek , Havighorst and Glinde .
At the first census in 1811, about 9200 inhabitants lived in the area of the country rule, about 5100 of them in the suburb of St. Georg.
administration
Landlord of Hamm and Horn was the longest serving Hamburg senator . In particularly important matters, he was accompanied by the second oldest senator, who also represented him if he was unable to attend and was also landlord for the "Hamburger Berg" (today's St. Pauli ).
The landlord exercised all sovereign rights on behalf of the Hamburg Senate : He was responsible for collecting taxes and duties in the rural area as well as for maintaining roads and paths, the dikes in Hammerbrook and the Landwehr , a line of defense in front of the actual city wall. He exercised the church regiment, including the supervision of the school system, as well as the jurisdiction over all subjects residing in the land lordship (which is why the land lordship was sometimes referred to as "Jurisdiction" or " Land Praetur ").
Since the landlord usually lived in the city and only traveled to the rural area on certain occasions, he was supported by a local state vogt and other officials (dyke and path showers, clerks, bailiffs, etc.). In every village there was also a farmer's bailiff , who was elected from the group of local full farmers ( Hufner ) or appointed by the landlord. The landowners in Hammerbrook also elected the dyke jury, the residents of the parishes the church jury ( Jurats ). The gatehouse at "Hammer Baum" served as the official residence of the landlord and bailiff, where the Landwehr passed the Hammer Landstrasse and was secured by a barrier (for example at today 's Burgstrasse underground station ).
Landlords (selection)
The names of the Hammer landlords have been handed down in full from 1440 with interruptions and since 1646. They included numerous well-known senators and later mayors, including Johann Schrötteringk , Diedrich Moller , Cord Vegesack , Walter Beckhoff , Conrad Widow , Barthold Heinrich Brockes , Lucas von Spreckelsen , Joachim Rentzel , Peter Hinrich Widow , Johann Peter von Spreckelsen , Johann Diederich Cordes , Martin Wolder Schrötteringk , Johann Michael Hudtwalcker , Johann Schulte , Martin Johann Jenisch and Amandus Augustus Abendroth .
literature
- Adolf Diersen: From the old lordship of Hamm and Horn. Hamburg 1961.
- Dieter Göttsch: The structure of the land rulership Hamm and Horn. A contribution to the legal and social history of the Hamburg Elbmarschen. Hamburg 1966.
- Jonas Ludwig von Hess : Hamburg described topographically, politically and historically, Third Part, Hamburg 1811.