Graslitz district

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Map of the Czechoslovak district and later German district of Graslitz

The German district of Graslitz was part of the administrative district of Eger in the Reichsgau Sudetenland . It existed between 1938 and 1945.

The area of ​​the district of Graslitz had 35,881 inhabitants on December 1, 1930 and 35,484 inhabitants on May 17, 1939. After the completion of the expulsion of the German-speaking majority of the population , the district only had 12,300 inhabitants (as of May 22, 1947).

Neighboring counties

The district of Graslitz was surrounded by the following districts, starting clockwise in the north:

Administrative history

structure

On January 1, 1945, the Graslitz district comprised the two towns of Graslitz (district town) and Heinrichsgrün as well as 22 other communities: Altengrün and Markhausen were completely resettled. 13 communities, including Markhausen, were incorporated into the city of Graslitz.

Name
German		 Name
czech		 Area
ha 1) 		Population
1930		 Population
1939		 Population
2001		 today's
parish		 previous
rule
Graslitz 2) Kraslice 1301.43 13936 12590 6867 Kraslice Graslitz
Heinrichsgrün Jindřichovice 1040.44 1804 1668 364 Jindřichovice Heinrichsgrün
Altengrün Stará 274.91 130 101 - Jindřichovice Heinrichsgrün
Eibenberg Tisová 203.20 1794 1596 88 Kraslice Graslitz
Frankenhammer Liboc 656.87 471 416 2 Kraslice Gut Frankenhammer
Grünberg Zelená Hora 186.07 1362 1335 103 Kraslice Graslitz
Hochgarth Obora 1510.27 850 839 76 Šindelová Heinrichsgrün
Kirchberg Kostelní 503.29 371 317 12 Kraslice Schönbach
Konstadt Mlýnská 716.92 326 307 18th Kraslice Schönbach
Lauterbach Čirá 405.99 130 131 27 Kraslice Schönbach
Markhausen Hraničná 386.84 1253 1135 - Kraslice Graslitz
Neudorf Nová Ves 964.19 414 299 - Stříbrná Heinrichsgrün
Pechbach Smolná 149.25 917 844 68 Rotava Graslitz
Rothau Rotava 1053.49 3711 3252 3381 Rotava Heinrichsgrün
Schönau Sněžná 821.96 575 551 14th Kraslice Graslitz
Schönwerth Krásná 729.46 1100 1027 104 Kraslice Graslitz
Schwaderbach Bublava 614.47 4106 3835 336 Bublava Graslitz
Schwarzenbach Černá u Kraslic 654.26 234 208 0 Kraslice Schönbach
Silberbach Stříbrná 2390.94 4112 3872 432 Stříbrná Graslitz
Silver green Haj 643.85 324 270 22nd Jindřichovice Heinrichsgrün
stone Came 248.73 251 248 11 Kraslice Schönbach
origin Počátky 745.75 364 334 17th Kraslice Schönbach
Waitzengrün Loučná 469.90 203 187 - Jindřichovice Heinrichsgrün
Waltersgrün Valtéřov 574.65 143 132 8th Kraslice Schönbach
Graslitz district Okres Kraslice 17247.13 35881 35484 11952    

1) Areas of today's cadastral communities , which may differ slightly from the communities of that time. 171.65 km² are given for the entire district of Graslitz at that time, including 22.48 km² for the municipality of Silberbach, the largest in area.
2) with Glasberg (Sklená), which is proven today as a separate district (412 inhabitants 1930, 36 inhabitants 2001)

Administration in the mirror of history

The municipalities were established as administrative units in the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1850, on the basis of the cadastral municipalities established in the 18th century . Before that, the villages belonged to various patrimonial rulers in the Elbogen district :

Graslitz (with Glasberg), Schönau, Schönwerth, Markhausen, Grünburg, Schwaderbach, Eibenberg, Silberbach and Pechbach belonged to the Graslitz rule. Heinrichsgrün, Altengrün, Silbersgrün, Waitzengrün, Neudorf, Rothau and Hochgart belonged to the Majorats dominion Heinrichsgrün. Schwarzenbach, Stein (with origin and Kirchberg), Waltersgrün, Lauterbach and Konstadt belonged to the Schönbach dominion (now Luby ). Frankenhammer was a property within the Hartenberg rule.

In Austria-Hungary in 1850, in addition to the municipalities, district authorities were set up in all crown lands , which were replaced in 1854 by mixed district offices ; Administration and justice were not separated at that time and the size corresponded to that of a judicial district (district court). It was not until 1868 that they became purely administrative units above the municipal level.

In 1868, 23 of the 24 communities in the Graslitz district formed the Graslitz district court of the Graslitz district administration in 1868. The latter also included the municipalities of the Neudek District Court (later Neudek District ). Only the community of Markhausen still belonged to the district court of Eger (later district of Eger ) in the district administration of the same name.

The municipalities of Lauterbach, Stein, Ursprung and Waltersgrün were recorded as districts of the municipality of Kirchberg in 1910.

Czechoslovakia / German occupation

Before the Munich Agreement of September 29, 1938, the political district of Kraslice belonged to Czechoslovakia .

In the period from October 1st to October 10th, 1938, German troops occupied this area. The political district of Kraslice from then on bore the former German-Austrian name Graslitz. It included the judicial district of Graslitz. Since November 20, 1938, the political district Graslitz carried the designation "district". Until that day he was subordinate to the Commander-in-Chief of the Army, Colonel General Walther von Brauchitsch , as head of the military administration.

German Empire

Okres Sokolov . The area of ​​the former Graslitz district is divided into the present-day municipalities of Kraslice , Bublava , Stříbrná , Rotava , Šindelová and Jindřichovice
Kraslice administrative district in Okres Sokolov

On November 21, 1938, the area of ​​the district of Graslitz was formally incorporated into the German Reich as part of the administrative district of Eger and became part of the administrative district of the Sudeten German territories under the Reich Commissioner Konrad Henlein .

The city of Graslitz became the seat of the district administration .

From April 15, 1939, the law on the structure of the administration in the Reichsgau Sudetenland (Sudetengaugesetz) came into force. Then the district of Graslitz became part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland and was assigned to the new administrative district of Eger with the seat of the district president in Karlsbad .

On May 1, 1939, the partially cut districts in the Sudetenland were reorganized. Thereafter, the district of Graslitz was retained within its previous boundaries.

It remained in this state until the end of World War II.

Czech Republic

Since 1945 the area belonged to Czechoslovakia again. After the division of Czechoslovakia in 1992, it became part of the Czech Republic. The 24 original municipalities of the Graslitz district are now divided into the six municipalities of Kraslice , Bublava , Stříbrná , Rotava , Šindelová and Jindřichovice in the north of Okres Sokolov , which belongs to Karlovarský kraj . The latter two municipalities Šindelová and Jindřichovice extend to the east beyond the former district area.

District administrators

1938–1939: Henning von Winterfeld (1901–1945) ( acting )
1939–1945: August Bossert

Local constitution

On the day before the formal incorporation into the German Reich, namely on November 20, 1938, all municipalities were subject to the German municipal code of January 30, 1935, which provided for the implementation of the Führer principle at the municipal level. From then on, the terms customary in the previous territory of the Reich were used, namely instead:

  • Local parish: Municipality,
  • Market town: market,
  • Municipality: City,
  • Political district: District.

Place names

The previous place names continued to apply, namely in the German-Austrian version from 1918.

See also

literature

  • Register of municipalities in the Greater German Reich 1944

Statistisches Reichsamt (Hrsg.): Official municipality register for the Greater German Reich on the basis of the census of 1939. Statistics of the German Reich. Volume 550. Improved second edition. Berlin (Publishing House for Social Policy, Economics and Statistics, Paul Schmidt) 1944.

  • Register of municipalities in Sudeten Germany 1938

Publication Office Berlin-Dahlem (Ed.): Directory of the Sudeten German municipalities and parts of the municipality that fell from Czechoslovakia to the German Reich on the basis of the border definition of November 20, 1938. Berlin (self-published by the publication office) 1938.

  • Local register of the Sudeten areas 1944

Friedrich Müller: Ortbuch for the Sudeten areas (supplement to the 7th edition of Müller's Large German Ortbuch). III. Edition. Wuppertal-Nachbarebreck (Post- und Ortsbuchverlag) 1944.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Register of municipalities in the district of Graslitz (as of January 1, 1945)
  2. ↑ Graslitz - the sounding city
  3. ↑ German history Sudetenland, Graslitz district
  4. ↑ [1]
  5. ↑ in the Elbogen district [2]
  6. ↑ to the rule Hartenberg
  7. ↑ [3]  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.isu.cz  
  8. ↑ Graslitz. The sounding city.
  9. ↑ The Kingdom of Bohemia: Bd. Elbogner Kreis. 1847
  10. ↑ Zemský věstník vládní per království České, Volume 2, Part 1
  11. ↑ Political and judicial organization of the countries of Austria represented in the Reichsrathe
  12. ^ Central Statistical Commission in Vienna (ed.): General directory of the localities and local communities in Austria according to the results of the census of December 31, 1910. , p. 204

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