Lumber
The Lauerholz with 960 hectares of the largest urban forest among the forests of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck , due to their historic enclaves with around 4,600 hectares of the largest municipal forest owners is one of Germany. The Lauerholz is predominantly a high forest with deciduous trees oak , beech , ash and sycamore , in the eastern area at the shooting range to fire tree takes on poor soils with pine softwood share strongly.
location
The Lauerholz lies geologically in the Lübeck Basin and is two kilometers east of the old town island in the Lübeck-St. Gertrud . It is one of the most important recreational areas and the city's green lung. Together with the Schellbruch and the Trave, the Lauerholz surrounds the district of Israelsdorf with the fishing village of Gothmund and also separates the Lübeck-Schlutup district from the rest of the city. Travemünder Allee leads through the Lauerholz as federal road 75 to Travemünde and the B 104 from Mecklenburg .
Historical development into a recreational forest
Name factor was originally in the north of the forest area located Good Old-Lauerhof that already in the medieval chronicle of reading master Detmar was mentioned. This was afforested in 1862 at the suggestion of the forester Johann Georg Witthauer and managed together with the older Israelsdorf forests. Already at the beginning of the 19th century, Lauerholz became a generic term for the contiguous forest area from Wesloe on the eastern city limits to today's Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania to Schellbruch and Trave in the Karlshof district . In a narrower sense, the Lauerholz is the forest area between Travemünder Allee / B 75 and the Wesloer Landstrasse leading to Schlutup. On a map by Tilemann Stella from approx. 1560 in the main state archive in Schwerin , this western area was referred to as Der Schwerin . A wooden sign in the forest reminds of this today.
The citizens of the city of Lübeck understood the area in front of the castle gate and the castle field as a recreational area as early as 1760 and systematically implemented the idea of recreational forest with reforestation . This is also clear from the naming of the Lustholz forest area near Israelsdorf , where the strictly geometric circular network of paths of the star was laid out for walkers as early as the 18th century and not only for forestry purposes. A picnic meadow in the forest took into account the romantic interests of the urban patriciate of the Enlightenment .
At the same time the Lauerholz due to the proximity an important energy resource of the city for emergencies. Among the protest from conservationists had in the 20th century twice after the two world wars in the form of clear-cutting to intervene in the stock to 1919 and after 1945 the lack to balance coal as fuel for the population with firewood .
On November 26, 1926, Wilhelm Ohnesorge applied for the end moraine in Lauerholz, the Buchberg near Ritzau, two peaks near Ritzerau and the entire Lübeck Os under monument protection on behalf of the Heimatschutz .
Bardowiek , Lauen, Schlutup , Israelsdorf , Schwartau , Cleve and Stockelsdorf form the southern edge of the northern main terminal moraine . When the forest was to be declared a recreation area by a general settlement plan, an inspection of the northern Lauerholz was undertaken on April 28, 1927 under the leadership of Ohnesorge. The idea of protection was underpinned by showing the consequences of failing to do so . The hike began at the sand removal by municipal companies on the Fährberg near the Behnturm , led over the remains of the Königsberg and ended with clear-cutting on the Deepenmoor. At the end of the excursion he pleaded for the protection of the forest to be extended to the moraine hills.
When the general settlement plan provided for the Lauerholz to be declared a local recreation area, an inspection took place on April 28, 1928 by the association and all forest officials invited to it . At the end of this, it was unanimously decided to protect both the forest and the terminal moraine hills.
This led to the classification of the now 822 hectare Lauerholz as a landscape protection area in 1950 .
Management
As early as 1995, the city's senate decided on a concept of near-natural forest use. Since then, all Lübeck forests have been managed sustainably according to the principles of ecological forest use . Lauerholz has also been certified by the Forest Stewardship Council since 1997 . This excludes clear-cutting and monocultures in favor of single tree management.
Other urban forests in the narrower sense, i.e. located in the urban area bordering the settlement area, are the Waldhusen forest in the Kücknitz district with the Waldhusen forest house from 1765, the Falkenhusen forest on the Wakenitz and the Blankensee forest , both in the Lübeck-St. Jurgen .
Lübeck Forsten supplies the biomass cogeneration plant in the new university district .
Waters in the Lauerholz
As a larger flowing water, the Medebek runs through the western part of the Lauerholz from east to west. In the east, the Lübeck Landgraben forms the border with the subsequent Schönberg state forest in Palinger Heide along the Landwehr ( Schwedenschanzen ) of the former Lübeck city fortifications and the Kolonnenweg of the former inner-German border .
In addition, there are still a number of standing waters and around 74 hectares of fen areas in the Lauerholz , which apart from some areas of water are also covered with trees. This was despite the fact that, due to mosquito plagues emanating from the lumber, in 1912, accompanied by scientists, they began to collect and remove the standing water. The best- known moor is the Depenmoor , where the painter and art forger Lothar Malskat lived and worked.
literature
- Gottfried Renatus Häcker : Lübeck flora. Aschenfeldt, Lübeck 1844 (digitized version)
- Uwe Müller: St. Gertrud . (Small booklets on city history, edited by the archive of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck , No. 2) Lübeck 1986. ISBN 3-7950-3300-4
- Werner Neugebauer: Nice Holstein. Lübeck 1957, p. 51 ff.
- Gerhard Schneider: The Lübeck Forests. In: Der Wagen 1956, pp. 81–87
- Heinrich Christian Zietz : Views of the Free Hanseatic City of Lübeck and its surroundings. Frankfurt a. M. 1822.
- Manfred Diehl (Ed.): Lauerholz - Lübeck's Green Lung . - 256 p., Numerous Fig., Issue 21/22 of the reports of the association "Nature and Homeland" and the Natural History Museum in Lübeck , Lübeck, 1989. ISSN 0067-5806
Sources and Notes
- ↑ (1799–1876) - In 1929 a memorial stone was set for him on Lübecker Weg near Fuchsberg , cf. Müller, p. 63; Neugebauer, p. 51
- ↑ Zietz, p. 481: A little hour from the city, the large Lauerholz forms a wide semicircle from the Trave almost to the Wakenitz .
- ↑ Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch : About the meaning of the name Schwerin. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology (1840), p. 225 ( full text )
- ↑ Müller, p. 30; see. also: Historical cultural landscapes - report on behalf of the city of Lübeck 1993
- ^ Association for homeland security. In: Lübeckische Blätter , 69th vol., No. 20, edition of May 23, 1927, p. 356.
- ^ Association for homeland security. In: Lübeckische Blätter , Volume 70, No. 20, Edition of May 13, 1928, p. 356.
- ↑ Müller, p. 73
- ↑ See also: Green Belt Germany
- ↑ Müller, p. 57
Web links
Coordinates: 53 ° 53 ′ 2 " N , 10 ° 42 ′ 59" E