Lhota pod Džbánem
| Lhota pod Džbánem | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Rakovník | ||||
| Municipality : | Mutějovice | ||||
| Area : | 410.8277 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 13 ' N , 13 ° 44' E | ||||
| Height: | 420 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 66 (March 1, 2001) | ||||
| Postal code : | 270 07 | ||||
| License plate : | P | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Domoušice - Kounov | ||||
| Railway connection: | Rakovník – Louny | ||||
Lhota pod Džbánem , until 1924 Velhota (German Welhotten ) is a district of the municipality Mutějovice in the Czech Republic . It is located 13 kilometers north of Rakovník and belongs to the Okres Rakovník .
geography
Lhota pod Džbánem is located in the Ročovská vrchovina hill country belonging to the Džbán ( Krug Forest ) in the Džbán Nature Park. The village lies on a hilltop in the headwaters of the Lhotský creek. The Číhadlo (482 m) rises to the northeast, the Džbán (536 m) to the southeast and the Zadní Rovina (524 m) to the west. In the west and north, the Rakovník – Louny railway runs through the valleys below the village; the nearest train station, Mutějovice, is two kilometers west of Lhota.
Neighboring places are Pnětluky , Filipov, Domoušice and Solopysky in the north, Ročov , Smilovice and Pochvalov in the north-east, Třeboc in the east, Řevníčov and Bulantovna in the south-east, Na Ratislavu, Hředle and Krupá in the south, Mutějovice , Perun and Milostekín in the south-west Kounov and Deštnice in the west and Na Rovinách, Nečemice and Výhledy in the north-west.
history
The village was probably founded in the first half of the 13th century during the inland colonization under King Wenceslaus I according to the Lhot system . The first written mention of Velhota took place in 1325 together with Mutějovice in the document of King John of Luxembourg about the emphyteutic suspension of Domoušice . The deputy epleban was moved from Velhota to Domoušice. Later Velhota became a fief of the Křivoklát royal castle . In 1402, King Wenceslas IV gave his vassal Jaroslav von Nevid twelve fallow fields in Velhota and other land in Kounov. According to the feudal system introduced by King Ottokar II. Přemysl , the subjects were exempt from cash payments to the castle, instead they were obliged to provide special services for maintenance and defense; Jaroslav von Nevid had to go to the castle with armed riders if necessary. At the beginning of the 15th century the Velhota manor was attached to the Kounov fiefdom. The parish at that time was Smolnice . After Jaroslav von Nevid's death, the property fell to his only daughter Katharina, who passed her on to her husband Zdislav Hořešovec von Libošín. His son Buzek initially pledged his property for 200 shock Prague groschen to Jan von Divice and Ota Hromada von Boršice. He later redeemed the pledge and signed over to Kounov and Velhota in 1483 to his wife Justýna von Hořešovice and Jezevce. After the death of her husband, Justýna only managed part of her property from 1510. The other share was initially managed by Václav Vataš von Blatno together with his son Jan Kryštof, in 1517 it was sold to Johann Zucker von Tamfeld. Justýna transferred another part of her property to her brother Prokop von Hořešovice and the remaining part shortly before her death to Piram von Svojkov. From 1547 his ten sons owned the estate jointly, in 1550 they sold Kounov and Velhota to Burjan von Nostitz on Ruda . In the second half of the 16th century they also acquired the Velhota feudal farm and thus owned the entire village. In 1590 his son Johann Adam von Nostitz inherited the property, from 1601 he managed it jointly with his brothers Johann Wenzel and Wilhelm. Johann Adam von Nositz took part in the uprising of 1618 . Due to an imperial pardon, his Kaunowa estate was spared confiscation and was transferred to his son Hans. After Johann Adam and Hans von Nostitz switched over to the latter's side during the march of the Electoral Saxon army in 1631, the Friedland Commission punished them with the loss of their entire property.At the intercession of the Saxon Elector Johann Georg I , the goods Kounov and Velhota and the fine were lifted. In 1663 Hans von Nostitz signed over the property to his wife Anna Margaretha, née Bechinie von Lazan . In 1675 she left the Lehnhof Kounov to her son Hermann Joachim von Nostitz and kept Velhota, including a mill, for herself. Anna Margaretha von Nostitz sold the Velhota estate on December 10, 1678 to Georg Ludwig von Sinzendorf . He also acquired the Lehnhof Kounov from Hermann Joachim von Nostitz and added both to his rule Postelberg . In Velhota a minor civil servant was established to manage the two estates. Sinzendorf led the rule to economic prosperity and granted his subjects the ransom from Robot . To reoccupy the desert farms, Sinzendorf provided the new settlers u. a. free from inheritance and the robot. Due to these extraordinary freedoms, there was a strong influx of German settlers. Georg Ludwig's son Philipp Ludwig Wenzel von Sinzendorf sold the Postelberg estate with all accessories on May 24, 1692 to Ferdinand zu Schwarzenberg ; the purchase price for the Velhota estate was 1000 Rhenish guilders. Ferdinand zu Schwarzenberg joined the Kounov fiefdom with Velhota to the Kornhaus lordship . The court Velhota with meadows, hop gardens and 150 bar farmland he sold in 1701 to the Kadaň Mutzen citizens Georg Anton. Afterwards the owners of the farm changed often. In 1774 the chapel was built on the village square. In 1802 Jakob Wimmer sold the village of Wellhotten together with Leneschitz and Domauschitz to Joseph II zu Schwarzenberg , who reunited Wellhotten with Kaunowa. From 1833 he was followed by his eldest son and Fideikommisserbe Johann Adolf II zu Schwarzenberg .
In 1843 Wellhotten consisted of 24 houses with 140 predominantly German-speaking residents. There was an authoritarian farm in the village, which was emphyteutically sold to the Citolib rulers . The Wellhottner forest district, one of the two Kaunowa districts, comprised a forest area of 957 yoke 818 square fathoms with coniferous wood and was cultivated by the forest ranger in Nečenitz ( Nečemice ). The parish was Kaunowa. Until the middle of the 19th century Wellhotten remained subordinate to the entails rule Kornhaus with Kaunowa.
After the abolition of patrimonial Wellhotten / Velhota formed a community in the district of Rakonitz and the judicial district of Rakonitz from 1850 , with Kaunowa a common cadastral community existed. The official language in Wellhotten at that time was German. School lessons took place either in the German school in Kaunowa or the more accessible Czech school in Domauschitz. During this time the mixed-language village changed to Czech-speaking. In 1860 the Czech language was introduced as the official language in Velhota, ten years later the village of Kaunowa was completely detached and also formed its own cadastral community. In 1871 a coal mine was opened near Velhota, which was closed again after nine years of operation. In 1876, Velhota was repared from Kaunowa to Domauschitz. The village pond was created in 1878. Between 1880 and 1885 the road to Mutějovice was built, and in 1889 that to Domauschitz. The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1886. In 1900, 219 people lived in the 42 houses in the village. The main source of income was agriculture, especially hop growing. A watermill worked in the village and plans were broken. In 1904, the Rakonitz – Laun railway began operating on the Rakovník – Louny line . Coal mining was resumed in 1919. The František colliery finally reached a depth of 40 meters, and the coal was transported via a funicular to the Slávka colliery near Mutějovice and from there via a siding to the Mutějovice train station. In 1924 the Czech place name was changed to Lhota pod Džbánem . The village cemetery was laid out in 1930. In 1932 Lhota pod Džbánem had 222 inhabitants. After the Munich Agreement , the village became a border town to the German Reich in 1938. During this time Czechs from the Sudetenland settled in Lhota. During the German occupation , partisans operated in the surrounding forests. In 1961 it was incorporated into Mutějovice . In 1991 the village had 61 inhabitants, in the 2001 census there were 66 people in the 50 houses in Lhota pod Džbánem. Lhota pod Džbánem is a traditional hop growing area and is surrounded by hop fields.
Local division
The district of Lhota pod Džbánem also forms a cadastral district. The one-layer Důl František belongs to Lhota pod Džbánem.
Attractions
- Castle ruins Džbán , also called CBAN or Držemberk, on a spur of the Džbán plateau west of Lhota, it was probably in 1318 during the between Zatec and Rakovník taken place struggles between Wilhelm Zajíc of Waldeck and King John of Luxembourg destroyed.
- Rows of stones from Kounov northwest of the village on the Rovina
- Park with a memorial to those who fell in the First World War, built in 1929
- Bell tower, built in 1932
- Chapel of the Virgin Mary in the village square, built in 1774
- Baroque statue of St. Adalbert, 100 m outside the village
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/700410/Lhota-pod-Dzbanem
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 13: Rakonitz Circle. Calve, Prague 1845, p. 45.
- ↑ http://www.czso.cz/csu/2009edicniplan.nsf/t/010028D080/$File/13810901.pdf