Mšec
| Mšec | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Rakovník | ||||
| Area : | 1419.9777 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 12 ' N , 13 ° 54' E | ||||
| Height: | 435 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 916 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 270 64 | ||||
| License plate : | P | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: |
Slaný - Řevničov Hořešovice - Nové Strašecí |
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| structure | |||||
| Status: | Městys | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Libuše Bestajovská (as of 2013) | ||||
| Address: | Mšec 109 270 64 Mšec |
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| Municipality number: | 542105 | ||||
| Website : | www.obecmsec.cz | ||||
| Location of Mšec in the Rakovník district | |||||
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Mšec (German Kornhaus ) is a minority town in the Czech Republic . It is located 14 kilometers west of Slaný and belongs to the Okres Rakovník .
geography
Mšec is located in the Džbán ( Krugwald ) hills evničovská pahorkatina in the Džbán Nature Park. The town lies on a hill on the left side above the Loděnice valley , which is dammed south of Mšec in the Pilský rybník and Červený rybník ponds. The Šibenice (447 m) rises to the northeast, the Háj (439 m) to the east and the Kopanina (466 m) to the south. State roads I / 16 between Slaný and Řevničov and II / 237 between Hořešovice and Nové Strašecí cross in Mšec .
Neighboring towns are Srbeč , Pod Lipou, Spálený Mlyn, Duhová Chaloupka and Hřešice in the north, Pozdeň , Ostrov-boron Jedomělice , Ostrov, Hlína, Hvězda and Halda in the Northeast, Háj, Martinice, Myslivárna, Čanovice, Malíkovice and Ledce in the east, Bažantnice , Cerveny Mlyn, Drnek , Hradečno , Nová Studnice, Lodenice and Čelechovice the southeast, Mšecké Žehrovice , Lipina and Nové Strašecí in the south, Třtice and Řevničov in the southwest, Tok, Králka and Kalivody the west and Dučice, Přerubenice , Bdín and Milý in northwest .
history
The first written mention of Mssecz was in 1316 as the seat of Vladiken Dcherz de Mssecz and his daughter Zdenka, which can be traced back to 1318. Later Albrecht I von Kolowrat bought the estate from Charles IV. There is evidence of a parish and church in Mssec since 1352 . In 1361 the boundaries between the Mssec and Zehrowicz estates belonging to Albrecht I von Kolowrat and the Křivoklát royal lordship were fixed in a border treaty. A little later Albrecht I had the fortress renewed and gave it the name Kornhauz . The old place name Mssec was then out of use, in 1368 Albrecht I was designated in a Latin document as Albertus dictus Colowrat de Cornuss . On August 6, 1380, Albrecht I and his son of the same name signed the Cornuss wine tithing to the Augustinian monastery "Vallis beatae Virginis" near Ročov . The first name Albrecht was passed on from generation to generation among the lords of Kolowrat; From 1381 lived on Kornhauz least three people of that name, one of which from now on as the eldest Albrecht and the other (Albert I) and Albrecht the Elder recorded (Albrecht II.). In 1384 Albrecht and Jessek von Kolowrat, together with Markwart von Wartenberg, rebelled against King Wenzel IV. After the Kornhauz fortress had become the starting point for repeated attacks on merchants, Wenceslaus IV had the robber baron Jessek von Kolowrat arrested between 1388 and 1390 and the castle burned down . After Albrecht I's death in 1391, his son Mikeš, who founded the Kolowrat-Kornhauzský line, inherited the Kornhaus estate. From 1392 Albrecht and Jan Kolowrat-Kornhauzský followed him, who jointly owned the Kornhaus estate until 1408. Subsequently, Jan Kolowrat-Kornhauzský was the sole owner; he died in 1437, his daughter Elisabeth was married to the Hussite captain Jan Roháč z Dubé . From 1455 Zbyněk Kornhauzský von Kolowrat was the owner of the estate. His son Heinrich rebelled at the end of the 15th century and accused his old father and mother Katharina von Dubá of mismanagement. In order to settle the dispute in the Kolowrat-Kornhauzský line, the Kolowrat family council met in Mělník in 1503 , forcing both sides to cease their hostilities. Heinrich Kornhauzský von Kolowrat, who had inherited the rule after 1506, managed it no better than his parents and soon sold it for 7000 shock Bohemian groschen to his relative, the Karlstein burgrave Mikeš Žehrovský von Kolowrat. This moved his seat from Zehrowicz to Kornhaus and united the goods Zehrowicz and Kornhaus. After his death in 1510, the rule of the Kornhaus fell to Georg Bezdružický von Kolowrat, who was followed in 1528 by his widow Elisabeth von Vitzthum . After that, the rule between 1536 and 1538 belonged to Wenzel Budowecz von Budowa, followed by Dietrich Bezdružický von Kolowrat († 1547). On October 12, 1548, his nephew, the captain of the New Town of Prague , Ludwig Bezdružický von Kolowrat inherited the manor of the Kornhaus with the castle, the farm, the brewery, the malt house and the town of Kornhaus, the villages Milý, Srby , Lhota, Žehrovice , Třtice , Honice, Třebichovice , Hořešovice , Lodenice and Kačice , the forests near Žehrovice, eleven ponds and the right to income from the mortgaged villages of Bdín and Pozdeň . This is also the first mention of Kornhaus as a town, when the privileges were granted is unknown.
In 1550 Ludwig Bezdružický von Kolowrat sold part of the estate with the villages around Kačice to the owner of the Muncifaj estate , Johann Bořita von Martinic . After 1555, his two sons Jan and Zdislav Abdon Bezdružický von Kolowrat sold further parts of the indebted rule, which ultimately only left the town of Kornhaus and a noble farm in Třtice. In 1569 they sold the Kornhaus manor for 5875 shock Bohemian groschen to Friedrich Mičan von Klinstein and Rostok on Žehrovice. In 1586, the captain of the Schlaner Kreis, Matthias Stampach von Stampach, bought the estate for 55,000 shock Meißnig groschen . In 1584 he expanded his property to include the villages of Srbeč and Hřivčice; In 1596 he bought Kalivody , the following year Přerubenice and finally in 1613 Mašťov . Matthias von Stampach left in the storehouse of a new school house built, pour a large bell for the church and the festivals to a two-storey Renaissance building with the chapel Nativitatis Christ ( Nativity remodel), a stately antiques collection and library. He had a pleasure house built in the palace garden, which existed until 1678. In addition, a pheasantry, a zoo, a herb garden, orchards, hop gardens, an inn, a mill, a sawmill and a brickyard were built during his time. Since Matthias von Stampach remained childless, the rule fell to his nephew Jan Rejchart in 1615. During the uprising of the estates of 1618, he was a member of the directorate of the estates and was host to King Friedrich I at Kornhaus Castle on several occasions . After the battle of the White Mountain , Jan Rejchart von Stampach was sentenced to the loss of half of his property and the Kornhaus estate was confiscated in 1622. In 1623 the court chamber pledged the rule to Elisabeth Popel von Lobkowicz . In the same year Kornhaus was overwritten against a debt of 87,932 shock Meissnian groschen to Wratislaw Reichsgraf von Fürstenberg, Heiligenberg and Werdenberg , with Emperor Ferdinand II reserving the right to hunt himself. Jan Rejchart von Stampach, who emigrated to Annaberg in 1628 after the Renewed State Order was passed, returned to Bohemia in 1631 with an army from the Electorate of Saxony and took possession of his former property. He was expelled from Bohemia again and in 1634 lost the Bohemian property that had remained due to his invasion. In 1633, Ferdinand II granted the owners of the Kornhaus lordship the annual shooting of six deer and six wild boar in their forests, and later also six deer. After Wratislaw von Fürstenberg's death in 1634, his widow Lavinia Gonzaga von Novellara inherited the rule. After she married Otto Friedrich von Harrach for the second time , an inheritance dispute broke out between the Counts of Fürstenberg and Otto Friedrich von Harrach. When it was settled, the Kornhaus reign was awarded in 1639 to the children of Wratislaw, who were married to Lavinia Gonzaga. After Franz Wratislaw von Fürstenberg died in 1641 at the age of ten, the inheritance fell to his sister Marie Eleonore Katharina, married Countess von Hohenems . In 1655 she founded a hospital for former employees in Kornhaus, which offered two places each for men and women. In 1662 Eleonore Katharina von Hohenems sold the Kornhaus rulership together with the Fürstenberg House on the Hradschin for 60,000 guilders to Johann Adolph von Schwarzenberg , who was elevated to the rank of imperial prince on July 14, 1670. The registers have been kept in Kornhaus since 1667. The captain of the Kornhaus rulership, Elias Heidelberger von Heidelberg, had an arable land laid out for the Kornhaus rulership in 1681; the 613-page directory, written in the old Czech language, is now in the archive at Třeboň Castle . In the same year the church and the rectory were destroyed by fire. As a result, the Kornhaus parish was relocated to Srbeč until 1759 . In 1683 his son Ferdinand zu Schwarzenberg inherited the rule. On May 24, 1692 he bought the Kaunowa estate and the Lehnhof as well as the Welhotten estate from Philipp Ludwig Wenzel von Sinzendorf . In 1703 Adam Franz zu Schwarzenberg inherited the property; from 1732 he was followed by his son Joseph I. zu Schwarzenberg , who in 1780 added the Kaunowa and Welhotten estates to the Kornhaus rulership and raised them to family entails. In the course of the 17th and 18th centuries, the once abundant game population in the Kornhauser forests continued to decline. The last wolf was shot in 1720, the last lynx in 1764, the last wild boar in 1770, the last wildcat in 1776 and the last deer in 1787. Of the once four pheasantries, only the Kornhauser remained; the pheasant gardens of Srbče (1727), Kalivody (1733) and Lodenice (1780) had been abandoned and converted into meadows or arable land. After the church was rebuilt in 1780 and a new parsonage was built, the parish was moved back from Srbeč to Kornhaus. The following owners were from 1782 Johann I zu Schwarzenberg , from 1789 Joseph II zu Schwarzenberg and from 1833 his eldest son and Fideikommisserbe Johann Adolf II zu Schwarzenberg . On August 21, 1788, Emperor Joseph II granted the town the privilege of holding three annual markets. In the great fire of 1811, the entire town was ruined with the exception of two houses, the castle and the church. The bell tower was destroyed, the bell donated by Matthias von Stampach in 1601 survived the fire without damage. The poor institute was established in 1826.
In 1843 the Fideikommissherrschaft Kornhaus with the feudal estate Kaunowa comprised a usable area of 11,951 yoke 861 square fathoms; Of these, 9899 yoke, 1543 square fathoms, belonged to the Kornhaus rule and 2051 yoke, 918 square fathoms, belonged to the Kaunowa estate with Welhotten. 4,339 people lived on the territory, including two Jewish families. The population of the Kornhaus dominion was Czech-speaking, that of the Kaunowa estate German-speaking. The main source of income was agriculture, in particular the Kaunowa estate was a center of hop growing. In Kornhaus, Žehrowitz , Přerubenitz and Srbec the authorities managed four farms, while the Kornhaus and Žehrowitz farms included sheep farms. The Kaunowa Meierhof was leased and the Welhotten Meierhof was emphyteutically sold to the Citolib rulers . The Kornhauser forests had an area of 3792 yoke 640 square fathoms and were divided into the Kornhauser or Castle District, the Přerubenitz District, the Srbeč District and the Horeschowitz District. The Kaunowa estate comprised a forest area of 1816 yoke 434 square fathoms, which were divided into two forest districts united with the forests of the Postelberg domain - the Kaunower and Welhottner districts - and managed by the forest ranger in Nečenitz ( Nečemice ). The pheasantry was unoccupied. Coal mining was carried out in Millay , Duschitz ( Dučice ), Kaunowa and Hřessitz ( Hřešice ), two of which were mines in Duschitz and Kaunowa. The largest company was Aloys Löbl's chicory coffee factory in Kaunowa. The Kornhaus estate included the Kornhaus market, the villages of Žehrowitz , Lodenitz , Srbeč , Bdin , Kaliwod , Milay , Přerubenitz , Dutschitz ( Dučice ), Čelechowitz ( Čelechovice ), Groß-Horeschowitz and Hřessitz as well as nine houses from Hřisskow and two houses from Kwilitz . The Kaunowa and Wellhotten villages belonged to the Kaunowa estate .
The subservient Kornhaus market located on Karlsbader Poststrasse consisted of 118 houses with 1,045 inhabitants, including a Jewish family. The parish church of St. Catherine, the parish and the school were under the patronage of the authorities. In addition, there was an official castle in the village with the apartment and office of the administrative director, a Dominical Meierhof, a Dominical brandy house with potash boiling and an abandoned Dominical pheasant garden. The Red Mill ( Červený Mlýn ), the magisterial fishmaker's house, the Dominical brick and lime kiln, the Dominical Oberjägerhaus, a plank mill ( Pilský Mlýn ), a sheep farm with a house, the Mleynsk mill and a windmill were situated apart. Kornhaus was the parish for Lodenitz and Žehrovice. Until the middle of the 19th century, Kornhaus was the official seat of the entails rule Kornhaus with Kaunowa.
After the abolition of patrimonial Kornouz / Kornhaus formed a market town in the district of Rakonitz and the judicial district of Neustraschitz from 1850 . In 1868 Kornouz was assigned to the Schlan district . Mšec has been used as a Czech place name since the end of the 19th century . In 1890 579 men and 630 women lived in 170 houses in Mšec. With the exception of four Jews, the population of 1208 Czechs and one German was all Catholic. In 1932 the town of Mšec had 1059 inhabitants. At the beginning of the 1950s, Mšec lost its status as Městys. In 1949 Mšec was assigned to the Okres Nové Strašecí, since its abolition in 1960 the municipality has belonged to the Okres Rakovník . On October 10, 2006 Mšec received its status as Městys back. Today Mšec is a hop growing place.
Place name
The original name Mssecz is derived from the old Czech word for moss . From 1368 this place name was replaced by Cornuss or Kornhauz , from which the name forms Kornouz and Kornhaus developed over time. According to Antonín Profous , the new name is derived from the Upper Middle High German name Kornhûs for a granary. The parish chronicle contains a remark according to which the new name is said to have been Garnhaus and to come from the storage of Wenceslas IV's hunting threads in the hunting lodge. The small town in the Czech-speaking area was also known in Czech scriptures as Kornhaus , Kornhauz and Kornouz until the second half of the 20th century . designated. The historical name Mšec was rediscovered in the second half of the 20th century .
Community structure
No districts are shown for the minor town of Mšec. Mšec consists of the basic settlement units Háj and Mšec ( grain house ). Mšec also includes the Bažantnice and Červený Mlýn layers.
Attractions
- Kornhauz Castle, it was built in 1613 as a Renaissance building in place of a medieval fortress. The tower was demolished in 1664 because of the risk of collapse. In 1675 there was a baroque redesign. A large number of repairs and securing work subsequently took place because the main walls were built on skim lime and not founded. The three-wing, two-storey building was given its present form during the expansion from 1770 to 1773. It is surrounded by a palace park. The archives of the Schwarzenberg princes were located in the castle; it was moved to Wittingau Castle in the 20th century . Today a part of the castle is used as a school.
- Baroque Church of St. Catherine of Alexandria, built 1779–1780 instead of a previous building that burned out in 1681. The old burial place in the crypt was removed and the bones, including those of Matthias von Stampach, buried in a corner; the two tin coffins were auctioned. The church tower was renewed in 1823.
- Rectory, built in 1780
- Chapel of St. John of Nepomuk
- Source of drinking water in the center of the village
- Jopát, Vítovský rybník, Pilský rybník and Červený rybník ponds south of the village. The largest of these is the Červený rybník with a water surface of 22.22 hectares.
Sons and daughters of the church
- Jaroslav Herda (1859–1881), poet; his father was a Schwarzenberg fish master in Červený Mlýn
- Adolf Brabec (1875–1928), writer
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/542105/Msec
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 13: Rakonitz Circle. Calve, Prague 1845, pp. 38-45.
- ^ A b Johann Gottfried Sommer: The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 13: Rakonitz Circle. Calve, Prague 1845, p. 43.
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/542105/Obec-Msec