Krty

This article describes the church. For the district see Krty-Hradec .

Krty
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Středočeský kraj
District :	Rakovník
Area :	865.5323 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 6 '  N , 13 ° 26'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 5 '31 "  N , 13 ° 25' 56"  E
Height:	439  m nm
Residents :	115 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	270 33
License plate :	S.
traffic
Street:	Jesenice - Blatno
Railway connection:	Rakovník – Bečov nad Teplou
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Jaroslav Rambousek (as of 2013)
Address:	Krty 51 270 33 Jesenice u Rakovníka
Municipality number:	598500
Website :	www.krty.cz
Location of Krty in the Rakovník district

Krty (German Gerten ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located three kilometers west of Jesenice and belongs to the Okres Rakovník .

geography

Krty is located in the Jesenicko Nature Park in the Rakonice Hills. The Krtský potok flows through the village, to the southeast lies the valley of the Rakovnický potok with the Velký rybník pond. To the west is the Velečínský rybník, in the northwest of the Blatno. To the northeast rises the Špičník (484 m), in the southeast of the Plavečský vrch (603 m), the Drahoušský vrch (549 m) and the Přívraty (594 m) and to the south the Krtská hora (525 m). The Rakovník – Bečov nad Teplou railway runs on the southern outskirts .

Neighboring towns are Nouze, Stebno, Poustka and Petrohrad in the north, Chotěšov, Bedlno and Omáčkovna in the Northeast, Jesenice in the east, Plaveč, Drahouš , Rybárna, Tlesky and Otěvěky the southeast, Zdar , Podbořánky and Ostrovec in the south, Velečín , Pastuchovice and Sklárna in Southwest, Tis u Blatna and Blatno in the west and Jelení, Nová Hospoda, Ležky, Malměřice and Přibenice in the northwest.

history

Krty originated as a Slavic settlement, and the place has largely retained its round shape to this day. Krriti was first mentioned in writing in 1227, when Kojata IV von Hrabischitz bequeathed the village to the diocese of Prague . In the 14th and 15th centuries, Krty belonged to the Rabenstein Castle estate and was then attached to the Petersburg estate . The owners included u. a. Jaroslaw Kolowrat -Liebsteinsky d. Ä. on Petersburg and Sossen, then his son Benedict. The latter exchanged the Krty estate, consisting of 22 subjects, in 1597 with Adam von Stampach for the Hokov estate with Běsno. After the Battle of the White Mountain , Adam von Stampach's property was confiscated and Krty was sold to Hermann Czernin von Chudenitz in 1623 for 9116 Schock Meißnische Groschen , who added Krty to the Petersburg estate again. In 1639, Hermann Czernin established the Great Czernin Family Fideikommiss, which consisted of the Bohemian dominions and estates Petersburg, Gießhübel , Neudek , Schönhof , Sedschitz , Miltschowes , Winař , Welchow , Kost and Kosmanos as well as the Silesian dominion Schmiedeberg . In 1644 he was made an imperial count. Since the cemetery chapel of All Saints was destroyed during the Thirty Years' War, Hermann Czernin endowed a church dedicated to St. Little church dedicated to Adalbert. In 1653 four of the 25 properties were still desolate. After the church was destroyed again, it was rebuilt in 1682. In the 18th century the village became entirely German-speaking. Between 1737 and 1740 Prokop Czernin von und zu Chudenitz had a new baroque church built. School lessons took place for a long time during the winter in a small room in the parish house no.8. After the general school regulations for the German normal, secondary and trivial schools in all of the Imperial Royal Hereditary Lands , the Jechnitz dean Peter Postler denounced the intolerable conditions in 1786 the Gerten school, in which the children had to sit on the clay floor during lessons because the teacher had neither the money nor the skills to equip the room with school desks, and presented the community with the alternative of either sending the children to Jechnitz to school or to build a new school building in Gerten. In 1787 a new cemetery was laid out. After long negotiations, the local council decided to build a schoolhouse, which was completed in 1792. At the same time, Franz Weber was hired as a new village teacher with a fixed annual salary of 28 guilders, he taught the children from Gerten, Johannesdorf ( Ostrovec ) and the Schreibermühle ( Písařský mlýn ) for 52 years . From 1841 he was succeeded by the teacher Ronk from Jechnitz, he held office for 46 years and also made great contributions to fruit growing.

The imperial counts Czernin von und zu Chudenitz held the property without interruption. Among the landlords of Gerten were u. a. Johann Rudolf Czernin von und zu Chudenitz and from 1845 his son Eugen Karl Czernin von und zu Chudenitz .

In 1846, the village of Gerten or Gardens on the old Karlsbader Strasse consisted of 24 houses with 297 German-speaking residents. There was a branch church of St. Adalbert, an aristocratic farm and an inn. Aside from that, there was an official sheep farm as well as a washing machine and a Dominical house. The parish was Jechnitz . Gerten remained subordinate to the Fideikommiss rule in Petersburg until the middle of the 19th century .

After the abolition of patrimonial Gerten / Krty formed a community in the Saaz district and Jechnitz judicial district from 1850 . On April 24, 1867, a fire broke out in the mayor's barn, which quickly spread and left nine properties in ruins. In 1868 Gerten was assigned to the Podersam district . In the same year another major fire destroyed two houses. The Johannesdorf children were retrained in the new school in Weletschin in 1885 . Two years later the Gerten school was closed and the children were taught in Jechnitz. In 1897 the local railway Rakonitz – Petschau – Buchau began operating on the Rakonitz – Luditz line . The fire of 1900, which destroyed three houses and several barns, gave the impetus for the establishment of a volunteer fire brigade and the purchase of a new fire engine in the same year. In 1902 Gerten had 328 inhabitants; the village consisted of 57 houses, two of which were uninhabited. After the land reform, the surrounding forests became state property; later they would be left to the community. In 1930 and 1932, 382 people lived in Gerten . After the Munich Agreement , the community was added to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Podersam district until 1945 . In 1939 the community had 347 inhabitants. After the end of the Second World War, Krty returned to Czechoslovakia and the German-speaking residents were expelled . On September 1, 1947, the school in Krty reopened after a 60-year break. In 1959 the school building was renovated. The Okres Podbořany was abolished in 1960, since then Krty belongs to the Okres Rakovník . In 1963 the one-class school in Krty was closed. On January 1, 1980, it was incorporated into Jesenice. Since November 24, 1990, Krty has again formed its own community. The school house serves as the seat of the municipal office.

Granite quarries

A quarry was first mentioned on June 13, 1634, when Hermann Czernin von und zu Chudenitz signed a contract with the stonemason Jiřík Čihař from Krty to operate a mill quarry on the Krtská hora.

In 1872 Jaroslav Pokorný resumed the Gerten granite quarry, which had been closed for a long time. The construction of the railway in north-west Bohemia with the construction of the Pilsen – Priesen (–Komotau) , Jechnitz-Theusing / Buchau railway and the double-track expansion of the Komotau-Karlsbad line led to an upswing in the company. Large granite blocks were found for the construction of bridges in Klösterle an der Eger , Warta , Saaz and Tirschnitz , Laun and Pilsen , the renovation of the Prague Kaiser-Franz-Joseph-Bridge , as a king- size cube for turntables and as a cube for the Dieberg tunnel near Furth im Wald Use. The blue-gray granite was also used for stairs and door frames in numerous newly constructed public buildings in the area, including the schools in Drahuschen , Koleschowitz , Koteschau, Podersam , Puschwitz , Rudig , Steben, Herrndorf , Rakonitz and Saaz, churches in Podersam and Saaz and that Hospital and share brewery Saaz. It was also used to make tombstones, pavement slabs and brooches. Between 1898 and 1900 Pokorný employed 100 people. At the beginning of the 20th century the company had reached its zenith, in 1905 Jaroslav Pokorný's company had only 50 employees. Examples of works of art made from Gerten granite are the family home of Jaroslav Pokorný in Krty and the Trinity Column in Jesenice.

The Krty granite quarry, which has now been completely closed, is now part of the Krtské Skály natural monument.

Community structure

No districts are shown for the municipality of Krty.

Attractions

• Baroque Church of St. Adalbert, it was built between 1737 and 1740 instead of a previous building from 1682. The big bell dates from 1687 and was a gift from Hermann Jakob Amadeus Czernin von und zu Chudenitz . Like the other two bells from 1687 and 1688, it was cast by Nikolaus Löw in Prague. In 1864 the church tower burned down. All three bells were confiscated in 1943, one was rediscovered in Hamburg after the Second World War and came back to Krty in 1947.
• Jaroslav Pokorný's family burial site in the cemetery
• Memorial to the fallen of the First World War, erected in 1926. After the Second World War, the names of the fallen were removed
• Natural monument Krtské skály, on 89 hectares in a rocky pine forest area with the quarry lake of the flooded granite quarry south of the village
• Ostrovecká olšina natural monument, southwest of Krty
• Wackelstein ( Viklan ) near Rybárna

Sons and daughters of the church

• Günter Rippel (* 1943), German craft functionary

Web links

• Story of Krty

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/598500/Krty
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 13: Rakonitz Circle. Calve, Prague 1845, p. 283.
4. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Podersam district (Czech: Podborany). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
5. ↑ http://www.krty.cz/informace-o-obci/historie/historie-zulovych-lomu/