Městečko
| Městečko | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Rakovník | ||||
| Area : | 1440.7951 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 3 ' N , 13 ° 52' E | ||||
| Height: | 265 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 441 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 270 23 | ||||
| License plate : | S. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Rakovník - Roztoky | ||||
| Railway connection: | Beroun – Rakovník | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jaroslav Gorčík (as of 2013) | ||||
| Address: | Ohnivcova náves 70 270 23 Městečko |
||||
| Municipality number: | 542067 | ||||
| Website : | www.obec-mestecko.cz | ||||
| Location of Městečko in the Rakovník district | |||||
|
|||||
Městečko (German Stadtl , 1939–45 Städtel ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located twelve kilometers southeast of Rakovník and belongs to the Okres Rakovník .
geography
Městečko is located in the highlands Křivoklátská in the conservation area Křivoklátsko . The village lies in the valley of the Rakovnický stream , into which the Ryšava or Ryzava flow on the left and the Trnava on the right. The U Lípy (424 m) rises to the north, the Losy (434 m) to the south, the Čepína (469 m) to the south-west, the Spálený kopec (407 m) to the west and the Vrchová (409 m) and the Hučavka (396 m) to the north-west m). On the southern outskirts of the village, the Beroun – Rakovník line runs through the Pod Basou tunnel , the station is called Městečko u Křivoklátu . State road II / 227 between Rakovník and Křivoklát runs through Městečko .
Neighboring towns are Míče, Nový Dům , Amálie , Zajíčkovna, Brejl and Pařeziny in the north, Familio and Požáry in the Northeast, písky, Plačkov, Novina, Pohořelec and Újezd nad Zbečnem the east, DACA, Amalin and Křivoklát in the southeast, Roztoky , Velká Buková and Losy in the south, Na Čihátku and Malá Buková in the southwest, Kalubice and Pustověty in the west and Loučný Mlýn, Ryšín , Dolní Chlum and Marvany in the northwest.
history
The area was settled in the 10th century. It is believed that in the 11th century a suburbium of the Přemyslid castle Křivoklát was built on the hill above the confluence of the three streams . In the course of its expansion into a royal castle, the suburbium was expanded in the middle of the 13th century into a privileged settlement with a weekly market for the royal officials, servants and craftsmen working at the castle with its own parish church. To ensure the protection of the castle, King Ottokar II Přemysl introduced a feudal system according to which the free subjects were obliged to defend the castle.
Městec was first mentioned in writing in 1352. Ohnivec ( fire chief ), who was enfeoffed with a courtyard on the site of house no. 24, rode in red clothes on a white horse by the side of the king and on his side Order was responsible for the burn down. The last Ohnivec before the outbreak of the Hussite Wars was Šimon Šíp, the writer Alois Jirásek made him one of the characters in his historical novel "Mezi proudy". After Městec was completely burned down by the Hussites , the residents built an emergency settlement consisting of huts at the foot of the Křivoklát castle in order to quickly get to the castle's protection in case of danger. At the end of the 15th century Městec was settled again, but never regained its old importance and remained a village with subjects requiring robots; The village of Budy emerged from the emergency settlement below the castle in the middle of the 16th century. In order to counteract the increasing depopulation of Městec in favor of Budy, which is located in the immediate vicinity of the castle, the court chamber left forest soil near Městec to be reclaimed as arable land for new settlers . In 1556 Městec consisted of five farmers and 14 Chalupners , a total of 165 lines of arable land were cultivated. The current name Městečko is first recorded in 1558.
During the Thirty Years' War the village became deserted and the parish died out. In 1634 the village consisted of 19 properties, 18 of which were desolate and one was burned down. After the end of the war, the resettlement took place; In 1651, 74 people lived in Stadtl , including twelve non-Catholics. In the berní rula of 1653 three peasant farms and 15 chalupners are listed.
In 1685 Leopold I sold the crown rule of Pürglitz to Ernst Joseph Count von Waldstein . In 1731 Johann Joseph Graf von Waldstein bequeathed the rule to his daughter and universal heiress Maria Anna Fürstin zu Fürstenberg , who in 1756 united her in a will with the rule of Kruschowitz and the Gut Nischburg to form a family entailment of 400,000 guilders. Half of the inheritance went to her sons Joseph Wenzel zu Fürstenberg-Stühlingen and Karl Egon I zu Fürstenberg, the other half to her daughters Henriette Fürstin von Thurn und Taxis and Maria Theresia zu Fürstenberg. She appointed her second-born son Karl Egon I as Fideikommisserbeer, who also acquired the shares of his siblings through compensation. In 1777 the residents of Stadtl were obliged to do a total of 2134 hours of civil service to the rule of Pürglitz. In 1786 the Religionsfond set up a pub in Stadtl . After the death of Karl Egon I, his eldest son Philipp Fürst zu Fürstenberg († 1790) inherited the property in 1787, followed by his children Karl Gabriel zu Fürstenberg († 1799) and Leopoldine Princess of Hesse-Rothenburg-Rheinfels. In 1803, the female heirs renounced a family settlement in favor of the minor Karl Egon II zu Fürstenberg and the princely and landgrave houses of Fürstenberg; Joachim Egon Landgraf von Fürstenberg was appointed as administrator until he came of age in 1817.
In 1843 Stadtl or Městečko consisted of 116 houses with 968 inhabitants. The local church of James the Elder was under the patronage of the rulership, the school under the patronage of the community. There was also a mill and a brick factory. The settlements Wnitsch ( Míče ), Philippshof ( Požáry ) with Piska ( Písky ) and Platschkow ( Plačkov ), Neuhaus and Parezina ( Pařeziny ) belonged to Stadtl . Stadtl was the parish for the villages of Groß-Bukowa , Kallubitz ( Kalubice ) and Pustowied as well as the burial place for the village of Rischin, which is parish after Rakonitz . Stadtl remained subordinate to Fideikommiss Pürglitz until the middle of the 19th century .
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Městečko or Městec / Stadtl 1850 a municipality in the district Rakonitz and judicial district Křivoklát . In 1853 a parish was set up in Městečko, the district of which included the villages of Kalubice, Nový Dům, Pustověty and Velká Buková and the strata Amalie, Emilov, Míče and Požáry. After the death of Karl Egon II zu Fürstenberg in 1854, his second-born son Max Egon I inherited the Fideikommiss Pürglitz. In 1869, 890 people lived in Městečko's 96 houses. The Rakonitz – Protivín Railway began operating the Beroun – Rakovník line in the valley of the Rakovnický potok in 1876 . The volunteer fire brigade was formed in 1879. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the name Městec was no longer used. In 1911 the savings and loan association for Městečko, Kalubice and the surrounding area was established, which only existed for a short time. In 1926 and 1927 the village was electrified. In 1927, 719 people lived in the village's 123 houses, and there was a three-class school, a roller mill, a steam sawmill and a cement factory in the village. In 1932 Městečko had 729 inhabitants. During the German occupation , in March 1942, a group of seven Czechoslovak paratroopers jumped off in the forest near Požáry, and their goal was Prague . After the group's radio set hidden in Požáry was located by the gendarmerie and the Gestapo, the paratrooper Arnošt Mikš was tracked down in his hiding place in Běleč near Liteň ; there he shot himself after an exchange of fire with the gendarmerie. In the second half of the 20th century, Městečko developed into a resort. From the late 1960s to the early 1970s, 70 holiday cabins were built. In 1977 a swimming pool was built. In 1980 Městečko consisted of 184 houses with 444 inhabitants.
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Městečko. The municipality forms the cadastral district Městečko u Křivoklátu , which extends in the northeast to the Klíčava dam and includes parts of the Lahn zoo. The community consists of the basic settlement units Městečko and Požáry ( Philippshof ). Městečko also includes the one-shift Familio. The core town of Městečko is divided into the center on the right of the Rakovnický potok, the Velká Strana on the left of the Rakovnický potok and the Malá Strana in the side valley of the Ryšava.
Attractions
- Church of St. James d. The Gothic church, which was ruined during the Hussite Wars, was rebuilt in 1696 and redesigned in baroque style in 1733. It got its current appearance during the renovation in 1899. The two bells date from the 15th century.
- Chapel of St. Eustachius, east of the village on the Brdatka above the Berounka valley
- Timbered attic at house number 24 on the Lesser Town
- Brdatka nature reserve, rocky slope on the Berounka, east of Městečko
- Svatá Alžběta nature reserve, south of the village
- Old mine tunnel in the forest towards Písky
- Memorial plaque for the Czechoslovak paratrooper and participant in Aktion Zinc, Arnošt Mikš, near Požáry on the edge of the V Jedličkách forest , unveiled in 1946.
- Memorial to those who fell in World War I, unveiled in 1920
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/542067/Mestecko
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 13: Rakonitz Circle. Calve, Prague 1845, pp. 283-284.
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/693316/Mestecko-u-Krivoklatu
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/542067/Obec-Mestecko