Pšovlky

Pšovlky
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Středočeský kraj
District :	Rakovník
Area :	1057.0974 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 6 ′  N , 13 ° 35 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 6 ′ 29 "  N , 13 ° 35 ′ 20"  E
Height:	362  m nm
Residents :	314 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	270 31
License plate :	S.
traffic
Street:	Rakovník - Jesenice
Railway connection:	Rakovník – Bečov nad Teplou
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Jaroslav Čech (as of 2013)
Address:	Pšovlky 97 270 31 Senomaty
Municipality number:	542270
Website :	www.psovlky.cz
Location of Pšovlky in the Rakovník district

Pšovlky (German Pschoblik ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located ten kilometers west of Rakovník and belongs to the Okres Rakovník .

geography

Pšovlky is located in the Rakovnická kotlina ( Rakonitzer Kessel ) in the Rakonitzer hill country. The village is located on the left bank of the Rakovnický brook ( Jechnitz brook ) opposite the confluence of the Klečetná. The Jesenicko Nature Park extends to the west. To the north rises the Ptačí vrch ( Vogelherdberg , 431 m), in the east the Vinice ( vineyard , 423 m), southeast the Kukle ( Gugleberg , 403 m), in the south the V Jedlinách (544 m) and the Hokovský vrch (565 m) ), to the southwest the Báňská hora ( Bergwerkberg , 576 m) and the Obecní vrch (589 m), to the west the Kamenný vrch ( Steinberg , 529 m) and northwest of the Lovíč ( Lobitsch , 520 m). State road II / 228 between Rakovník and Jesenice runs through Pšovlky . The Rakovník – Bečov nad Teplou railway runs south of the village on the opposite side of the stream .

Neighboring towns are Hokov , Zderaz, Keblany and Kolešovice in the north, Kněževes and Přílepy in the Northeast, Přílepský Mlyn, Mateska and Nouzov the east, Vinice, Senomaty , Patrákův Mlyn and Šanov in the southeast, Novy Dvur, Václavy , Řeřichy , Hokovské Domky, velká chmelištná and Hůrky in the south, Klečetné, Soseň and Kosobody in the south-west, Švihov and Oráčov in the west and Čížkov, Bukov , Šmikousy, Kolešov and Hořovičky in the north-west.

history

According to ancient traditions, the village is said to have been the seat of the Vladiks of Pšovlk a long time ago . Psewilchi was first mentioned in writing in 1273 under the property of the Teplá Monastery . Archaeological finds show that the place is much older, however. The core of the old settlement was an early medieval castle complex, which was surrounded by a pond, to the south of which there was a small round building. Since the middle of the 14th century, the Pšovlky fortress with several farmsteads has been documented as the property of the Vladiken von Pšovlk. From 1350 Aleš von Pšovlk belonged to them, around 1366 Heinrich von Pšovlk, 1380 Nikolaus and Bořita von Pšovlk and 1402 Jan Hošťálek von Pšovlk. At the beginning of the 15th century, Jenec bought Pšovlky from Janovice and struck the property of his rule in Petersburg . In 1420 he sold Pšovlky together with Švihov to the Lords of Guttenstein. The fortress suffered no major damage during the Hussite Wars . Around 1439 the Pürglitzer castle captain Soběslav von Ptice and Pšovlk bought the fortress including part of the village. The owners of the estate changed frequently. From 1512 Petr Holý von Šanov and from 1539 Albrecht von Waldstein belonged to them . From 1543 it belonged to Mikuláš Velenický von Velemyšleves , he leased the Švihov farm to Johann Charwatha von Barstein. In 1549 Georg Hochhauser von Hochhausen acquired the estate, followed by his son Wenzel. He had the fortress that had burned down in 1593 restored. From 1602 the goods Pšovlky and Švihov were reunited. After they married Heinrich Wilhelm Kolowrat-Bezdružický on Bistrau in 1612 , Johanna von Hochhausen and Duppau sold their goods Švihov and Pšovlky to the governor of Lower Lusatia, Jaroslaw Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky on Petersburg and Sossen. With this, the fortress lost its importance as a manor house and was left to decay. In 1620 the village was sacked by imperial troops. Jaroslaw Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky's goods were confiscated after the Battle of White Mountain and sold to Hermann Czernin von Chudenitz in 1623 . In 1639 he established the Great Czerninsche Familienfideikommiss, which consisted of the Bohemian dominions and estates Petersburg, Gießhübel , Neudek , Schönhof , Sedschitz , Miltschowes , Winař , Welchow , Kost and Kosmanos as well as the Silesian dominion Schmiedeberg . In 1644 Hermann Czernin von Chudenitz was raised to the rank of imperial count. He had the village, which was deserted during the Thirty Years' War, reoccupied with German settlers. Later the place was expanded to a street village along the Rakonitz-Jechnitzer Straße. Subsequently, the imperial counts Czernin von und zu Chudenitz held the property without interruption. The landlords of Švihov included Johann Rudolf Czernin von und zu Chudenitz and, from 1845, his son Eugen Karl Czernin von und zu Chudenitz .

In 1846 Pschoblik / Pssowlky consisted of 52 houses with 357 mostly German-speaking residents. In the place there was an authoritarian farm, a Dominical sheep farm, a Dominical hunter's house, an inn and a mill. The malt mill was located off to the southeast by the Malzteich. Parish was Woratschen . Until the middle of the 19th century, Pschoblik remained subject to the Fideikommiss rule in Petersburg.

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Pschoblik / Pšovlky 1850 a municipality in the district Saaz and judicial district Jechnitz. In 1868 Pschoblik was assigned to the Podersam district . As a result of a downpour, the Jechnitzer Bach swelled into a torrent in May 1872 and left severe damage. In 1897 the local railway Rakonitz – Petschau – Buchau started operating on the Rakonitz-Luditz . Single-family houses were built along the road to the train station in the 20th century. In 1930 513 people lived in Pschoblik , in 1932 there were 501. After the Munich Agreement , the municipality was added to the German Reich in 1938 and until 1945 belonged to the Podersam district . The Pschoblik station was designated as a border station with passport and customs control. In 1939 the community had 502 inhabitants. After the end of the Second World War, Pšovlky returned to Czechoslovakia and the German-speaking residents were expelled . The Okres Podbořany was abolished in 1960, since then Pšovlky has belonged to the Okres Rakovník .

Community structure

No districts are designated for the municipality of Pšovlky.

Attractions

• Cemetery chapel, west of the village on the road to Švihov
• Memorial stone for those who fell in World War I, on Dorfstrasse
• Pšovlky Castle Stables on an island in the courtyard pond, it is located on the fenced-in area of ​​an agricultural enterprise and is not open to the public. The circular artificially created pond and buried cellars of the fortress have been preserved.
• Half-timbered barn from the 18th century
• Statue of the Virgin Mary on the road to Švihov
• Syringe house with bell tower in the center of the village

Sons and daughters of the church

• Gerhart Neuner (1929–2008), German educator and SED functionary

Web links

• History of Pšovlky
• Location description on rakovnickesudety.cz
• Description of the castle stables on hrady.cz

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/542270/Psovlky
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 14: Saatzer Circle. Calve, Prague 1846, p. 286.
4. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Podersam district (Czech: Podborany). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).