Jesenice u Rakovníka
| Jesenice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Rakovník | ||||
| Area : | 3762.3198 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 6 ' N , 13 ° 28' E | ||||
| Height: | 455 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,719 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 270 33 | ||||
| License plate : | S. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Žatec - Kralovice | ||||
| Railway connection: | Rakovník – Bečov nad Teplou | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 6th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jan Polák (as of 2012) | ||||
| Address: | Mírové náměstí 368 270 33 Jesenice |
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| Municipality number: | 541834 | ||||
| Website : | www.jesenice-ra.cz | ||||
| Location of Jesenice in the Rakovník district | |||||
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Jesenice (German Jechnitz ) is a town in Okres Rakovník in the Czech Republic .
geography
The city is located in western Bohemia , 19 kilometers west of Rakovník ( Rakonitz ,) on a hill on the left side of the Rakovnický creek ( Mühlbach ) in the Rakonitzer Uplands in the Jesenicko Nature Park.
The stream Jesenice rises to the north. In the southwest is the Velký rybník pond, to the east there are two other large ponds, Horní Fikač and Dolní Fikač. To the north rises the Spálený vrch (499 m), in the northeast the Vlčí hora (489 m) and the Tobiášův vrch (507 m), to the east the Lovíč (519 m), Kamenný vrch (529 m) and Maliník (532 m). The state road I / 27 from Žatec to Plzeň and the railway line Rakovník – Bečov nad Teplou run through Jesenice .
Neighboring towns are Petrohrad , Bílenec and Chotěšov in the north, Bedlno in the northeast, Oráčov and Kosobody in the east, Plaveč in the southeast, Drahouš and Tlestky in the south, Ostrovec and Velečín in the southwest, Krty and Blatno in the west and Nouze and Stebno in the northwest.
history
The first written mention was made in 1321 as the seat of Vladiken Bořita von Jesenice. There is evidence of a parish church since 1350. Jesenice was first designated as a market in 1352. The location at the crossroads of two important trade routes, the Egerer Steig from Prague to Eger and the Bavarian Steig from Saaz to Pilsen , encouraged the development of handicrafts and trade. In 1360 Jenec acquired the goods from Janovice on Petersburg . On December 31, 1409 he granted the place freedom and made it a town. In 1418 the lords of Janovice united the Jesenice estates with the castle lordship of Petersburg. During the Hussite Wars , Jesenice was attacked and sacked twice by the city of Pilsen, which was on the imperial side. Under the von Guttenstein lords, who acquired Petersburg in 1483, the Jesenice privileges were extended in 1503 and 1510. At the end of the 15th century, the Guttensteiners had the Mühlbach dammed and several mills and fish ponds were built. In 1555 Jaroslav d. Ä. Kolowrat -Liebsteinsky ruled Petersburg. He was followed by his son Jaroslav the Elder. J. Jesenice is said to have been elevated to a town by Rudolf II during this time and to have been awarded a coat of arms. After the Battle of the White Mountain , Jaroslav von Kolowrats' goods were confiscated and handed over to Hermann Czernin von Chudenitz in 1622 . After the Thirty Years War, Jesenice became increasingly German-speaking. Counts Czernin von und zu Chudenitz remained the landlords until the middle of the 19th century .
After the abolition of patrimonial Jechnitz became the seat of a district court in 1848, the district of which included 43 villages, and in 1850 it became part of the Podersam political district . In 1850 there were 986 people in Jechnitz. In 1890 the city had 1,408 inhabitants, 50 of whom were Czech. In 1897 the local railway line Rakonitz – Petschau – Buchau went into operation. In 1904 a new secession-style school building was built next to the church. At the beginning of the 20th century, the population was 95% Germans. In 1921 a Czech minority school was established. In 1930 Jechnitz had 1542 inhabitants.
After the Munich agreement was made in 1938, the annexation to the German Reich as part of the district Podersam , Region of Eger , in the Reich District of Sudetenland . In 1939 there were 1,508 people in the city.
After the Second World War, Jesenice came back to re-established Czechoslovakia and lost its town charter in 1948. The German population was expelled . In 1947 Kosobody and Soseň were incorporated. In 1950 the Jesenice municipality had 1130 inhabitants. After the dissolution of Okres Podbořany, Jesenice was assigned to Okres Rakovník in 1961. 1975 Chotěšov (with Bedlno) and 1980 Podbořánky was incorporated. Jesenice has been a town again since March 11, 2008.
Demographics
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1785 | k. A. | 130 houses |
| 1830 | 741 | in 147 houses |
| 1843 | 871 | in 154 houses |
| 1900 | 1342 | German residents |
| 1921 | 1295 | including 1210 German residents |
| 1930 | 1542 | |
| 1939 | 1508 |
Community structure
The town of Jesenice consists of the districts Bedlno ( Wedl ), Chotěšov ( Koteschau ) Jesenice ( Jechnitz ) Kosobody ( Gossawoda ) Podbořánky ( Podersanka ) and Sosen ( sauces ).
Attractions
- baroque church of St. Peter and Paul
- late baroque rectory, built in 1760
- Local museum with lapidary
- Trinity Column
- Luční potok nature reserve, in the valley of the stream of the same name north of the city
- Chestnut avenue to Plaveč, southeast of Jesenice
- Lookout tower on Tobiášův vrch
- Podbořánky Golf Club
Personalities
- Carl Woda (1880–1972), consistorial councilor and dean of Jechnitz and opponent of National Socialism
- Josef Baudis (1884–1950), director of the elementary and community school in Jechnitz
sons and daughters of the town
- Eduard Fischer (1846–1933), Austrian Jesuit priest and religious writer
- Franz Fassl (1853–1941), Mayor of Jechnitz
- Herbert David (1900–1985), German lawyer and politician
- Wilhelm Sebekovsky (1906–1981), German politician and lawyer
- Werner Kauer (1925–1972), German naive painter
mayor
- Friedrich Kutschenreuther (around 1872)
- Franz Kirtschl (until 1883)
- Franz Kirtschl jun. (1883-1889)
- Franz Fassl (1889-1918)
- Heinrich Kirtschl (1918–1926)
- Dr. Otto Gössl (1926– March 25, 1929)
- Josef Hofmann (1929–1930)
- Dr. Heinrich Uhl (1930–1938)
- Rudolf Schieferdecker (1938–24 February 1943)
- Franz Fassl jun. (1943–8 May 1945)
- Jan Polák (around 2020)
rabbi
- Eduard school yard
- Josef Neu (1901–1908)
- Salomon Löwy (from 1908)
partnership
- Kronach - Since 1986 a home parlor has been set up in Kronach in memory of Podersam / Jechnitz.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/541834/Jesenice
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Map No. 402 Rakonitz (accessed on July 31, 2016)
- ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 7: Saatzer Kreis , Prague and Vienna 1787, pp. 114–115, item 18) .
- ↑ Yearbooks of the Bohemian Museum of Natural and Regional Studies, History, Art and Literature . Volume 2, Prague 1831, p. 199, paragraph 19).
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 14: Saaz Circle , Prague 1846, p. 281, point 5).
- ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 10, Leipzig and Vienna 1907, p. 261 .
- ^ Sudetenland Genealogy Network
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Podersam district (Czech: Podborany). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/541834/Obec-Jesenice
- ↑ List of names of Mayor Jechnitz (accessed on July 23, 2020)
- ↑ History of the Jews in Jechnitz (accessed on July 23, 2020)