Senomaty

Senomaty
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Středočeský kraj
District :	Rakovník
Area :	1409.5821 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 6 ′  N , 13 ° 39 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 6 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 39 ′ 20 ″  E
Height:	336  m nm
Residents :	1,233 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code :	270 31
License plate :	S.
traffic
Street:	Rakovník - Jesenice
Railway connection:	Rakovník – Bečov nad Teplou
structure
Status:	Městys
Districts:	3
administration
Mayor :	Tomáš Valer (as of 2013)
Address:	náměstí Karla Buriana 55 270 31 Senomaty
Municipality number:	542377
Website :	www.senomaty.cz
Location of Senomaty in the Rakovník district

Center of Senomaty

Statue of St. Procopius

Senomaty (German Senomat ) is a minority in the Czech Republic . It is located six kilometers west of Rakovník and belongs to the Okres Rakovník .

geography

Senomaty is located in the Rakovnická kotlina ( Rakonitzer Kessel ) in the Rakonitzer hill country. The town extends on both sides of the Rakovnický creek ( Gölde creek ), into which the Petrovický creek and the Kolešovický creek flow below the place. The Senomatský rybník pond is at the eastern end of the village. To the north rises the Přílepská skála ( quarry mountain , 418 m), in the northeast the Blatina (407 m), east the Šibeník (406 m), in the southwest the Kukle ( Gugleberg , 403 m) and northwest the Vinice ( vineyard , 423 m) . State road II / 228 between Rakovník - Jesenice runs through Senomaty . The Rakovník – Bečov nad Teplou railway runs on the southern outskirts .

Neighboring towns are Nouzov, Kolešovice and Chrášťany the north, Olešná , Samota-Senomaty, Zákonův Mlyn and Lužná in the Northeast, Rakovník and Letiště the east, Huřviny, Krčelák and Lubná the southeast, Hostokryje, Příčina and Petrovice in the south, Václavy , Novy Dvur and Šanov in the southwest, Patrákův Mlýn, Klečetné, Kosobody and Vinice in the west and Pšovlky , Mateska, Čížkov and Zderaz in the northwest.

history

The village of Szenomat was first mentioned in writing in 1233 in a deed of donation from King Wenceslaus I to the Teutonic Order as compensation for the destruction left in the Moravian Coming Hosterlitz and Austerlitz during his campaign against Duke Friedrich II of Austria . Later the estate came back into the possession of the Bohemian crown and was incorporated into the royal lordship of Křivoklát . King John of Luxembourg made Senomaty a submissive town before 1319 and granted him several privileges. Senomaty was burned down during the Hussite Wars and the old documents were lost. On April 15, 1500, King Vladislav II Jagiello confirmed the old privileges of the town. The oldest record of both churches dates back to 1562, but their construction probably took place in the 14th century. Emperor Rudolf II sold the Senomaty estate to Wenzel Hochhauser von Hochhaus on Pšovlky and Wenzel Chotek von Chotkow in 1589, and a little later Wenzel Hochhauser became the sole owner. On March 31, 1592, a large fire destroyed most of the town, including the town hall and the brewery, in rubble and ashes; Only the rectory, the church and eight houses remained. The burnt down residents, whose distress due to the fact that the grain stores intended for sowing were destroyed in the fire, received no support from the new landlord. Most of the residents left their burns in Senomaty and moved to Rakonitz, where rebellion plans against Wenzel Hochhauser were also forged. After Wenzel's death, his widow Anna, née von Schönhof, inherited the property; then her daughter Johanna followed. In 1609, when the Rakovnický potok flooded, the dams of two ponds broke, and a mill was torn away. Johanna von Hochhausen and Duppau, who married Heinrich Wilhelm Kolowrat-Bezdružický on Bistrau in 1612 , sold the Senomat estate to the municipality of Rakonitz for 24,500 Meißnian shock after the death of her mother in 1613 . At that time the town had 40 inhabitants. During the Thirty Years' War occupied the end of October 1620 under the command of Karl von Buquoy standing Imperial army with 50,000 men the area and encamped at Senomaty. The residents of the town fled and sought protection in the walls of Rakonitz. Before the Imperial Army moved on against the town of Rakonitz, which was affiliated to the estates, Senomaty was plundered and burned down when leaving. On October 30, 1620, the Imperial Army attacked the fortified camp of the department of the estates commanded by Prince von Hohenlohe between Rakonitz and Woleschna and took it after a fierce battle, with 500 insurgents falling and numerous prisoners being taken.

Since the royal city of Rakonitz had joined the Protestants during the uprising , their goods Senomat and Wschetat were confiscated after the battle on White Mountain . In 1624 the Senomat estate was estimated at 14986 shock and was intended for sale to Hermann Czernin von Chudenitz by imperial order . After the citizens repentantly declared their obedience to the emperor, they were able to buy back the Senomat estate for the estimated sum. In 1631 only eleven people lived in the ruined and impoverished town of Senomaty. In the last years of the war the area was again plundered and devastated by the Swedish army. Senomaty was slow to recover from the aftermath of the war. The first news about a school comes from the middle of the 17th century. In 1785 at the Church of St. Laurentius set up an expositur, which was repealed in 1823. Between 1824 and 1825 the city of Rakonitz had a new school house built in Senomaty.

In 1843, the Senomat estate comprised 619 yoke 437 square fathoms. Only the market town of the same name, Senomat / Senomaty , belonged to the estate . This consisted of 123 houses with mostly Czech-speaking 879 inhabitants. There was a branch church of St. Laurentius, the burial church of St. Stephan, a school, a leased magisterial farm, an uncultivated sheep farm, a leased brewery, an inn and the rustic Kotrauschki mill. Another emphyteutical mill lay to one side. The parish was Rakonitz. Until the middle of the 19th century, Senomat remained subject to the royal district town of Rakonitz.

After the abolition of patrimonial , Senomaty / Senomat formed a market town in the district of Rakonitz and the judicial district of Rakonitz from 1850 . During the flood of 1872, the entire place was flooded. In 1897 the kk state railways started operations on the Rakonitz – Bečov railway line . In 1900 Senomaty consisted of 158 houses and had 972 inhabitants. In the 1920s the place was electrified. In 1932, 911 people lived in Senomaty. As a result of the Munich Agreement , Senomaty was a border town to the German Reich between 1938 and 1945. In 1945 Senomaty had 425 inhabitants. Nouzov was incorporated in 1961, on January 1, 1980 Hostokryje with Brant was added. The Burian estate was demolished in 1982 without the need for it. Hostokryje and Brant broke away from Senomaty on November 24, 1990 and formed the Hostokryje community, which rejoined Senomaty on November 1, 2002. On October 10, 2006 Senomaty was renewed the status of Městys . Senomaty and Brant, Hostokryje and Nouzov have had their own coats of arms and banners since 2007.

Community structure

The municipality Senomaty consists of the districts Hostokryje ( Hostokreg , 1939–45 Gastdorf ), Nouzov ( Nausowa , 1939–45 Nothof ) and Senomaty ( Senomat ). Basic settlement units are Brant ( Brand ), Hostokryje, Nouzov and Senomaty. The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Hostokryje, Nouzov u Senomat and Senomaty.

Attractions

• Church of St. Laurentius, the Gothic building was built in the 14th century. Next to it is a wooden bell tower built in the 17th century with a half-timbered base
• Baroque cemetery church of St. Stephan on a hill on the southern outskirts, it was built before 1562. During the Thirty Years War, the crypt containing the remains of Anna Hochhauser was broken into and looted twice. During the renovation of the church, its devastated resting place was opened and the grave plaque was moved into the porch of the church.
• Timbered house No. 66 ( Roubenka ), the house uninhabited since 1985, deteriorated in the 1990s. A demolition request from the agricultural cooperative was not approved due to the historical value. In 1999 the community bought the house; it has been protected as a cultural monument since 2001. The renovation took place between 2008 and 2010.
• Baroque statue of St. Prokop from 1743
• Baroque statue of St. Judas Thaddäus, created 1722
• From the statue of St. John of Nepomuk, which stood in the park, only the base has existed since 1919
• Atonement cross, it dates from the 16th or 17th century
• Davidův mlýn watermill on the eastern edge of the village, it was first mentioned in 1571 as Votišovský mlýn, from 1813 it belongs to the David millers family
• Memorial to those who fell in World War I in the park, unveiled in 1928
• Memorial stone on the site of the Burian Manor, which was demolished in 1982
• Chapel of St. John of Nepomuk in Nouzov
• Monument to Jan Hus on the village square in Nouzov, created in 1921
• Memorial to the fallen of World War I in Nouzov
• Chapel of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church in Hostokryje

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

• Max Konopásek (1820–1879), musicologist
• Celda Klouček (1855–1935), sculptor, plasterer and paleontologist
• Kateřina Jalovcová (* 1978 in Hostokryje), mezzo-soprano

Lived and worked in the community

• Tenor Karel Burian and his nephew, the composer Emil František Burian, often stayed at the Burian estate in the first half of the 20th century . After his serious illness, Karel Burian retired to the estate, where he died in 1924.
• František Chládek (1829–1861), Czech folk poet, he spent the last years of his life in Senomaty and died here.

Web links

Commons : Senomaty  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• History of Senomaty

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/542377/Senomaty
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 13: Rakonitz Circle. Calve, Prague 1845, p. 9.
4. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer: The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 13: Rakonitz Circle. Calve, Prague 1845, pp. 1-2.
5. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer: The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 13: Rakonitz Circle. Calve, Prague 1845, p. 10.
6. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/542377/Obec-Senomaty
7. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/542377/Obec-Senomaty
8. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/542377/Obec-Senomaty