Švihov u Rakovníka

Švihov
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Středočeský kraj
District :	Rakovník
Area :	295.6668 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 7 '  N , 13 ° 34'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 6 '34 "  N , 13 ° 33' 50"  E
Height:	375  m nm
Residents :	54 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	270 32
License plate :	S.
traffic
Street:	Rakovník - Jesenice
Railway connection:	Rakovník – Bečov nad Teplou
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Milan Procházka (as of 2013)
Address:	Švihov 9 270 33 Jesenice u Rakovníka
Municipality number:	565326
Website :	www.obec-svihov.cz
Location of Švihov in the Rakovník district

Švihov (German Schmihof ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located seven kilometers east of Jesenice and belongs to the Okres Rakovník .

geography

The center of Švihov

Švihov is located on both sides of the Rakovnický brook ( Jechnitz brook ) in the Rakonitz hill country. The Jesenicko Nature Park extends to the west. The Ptačí vrch (431 m) rises to the northeast, the Hokovský vrch (565 m) and the Báňská hora (576 m) to the south, the Plavečský vrch (603 m) to the southwest and the Lovíč (520 m) to the northwest. State road II / 228 between Rakovník and Jesenice runs through Švihov . The Rakovník – Bečov nad Teplou railway runs on the southern outskirts .

Neighboring places are Hořovičky , Šmikousy, Hokov and Zderaz in the north, Keblany, Kolešovice and Přílepy in the northeast, Přílepský Mlýn, Mateska and Pšovlky in the east, Šanov and Nový Dvůr in the southeast, Řeřichy , Svetwýob, Svetné in the south , Oráčov in the west and Bedlno, Bukov and Čížkov in the northwest.

history

The village was first mentioned in writing in 1405, when the owner of the Petersburg estate , Jenec von Janovice, the Dominican monastery of St. Clemens in Prague annually wrote over eleven Schock Prague groschen. Two years later, from his income from two farms in Švihov, he gave two Prague shocks a year to pay the chaplain to the parish of Jesenice . The Prague Monastery of St. In 1418, however, Jenec von Janovice transferred the income from Švihov left to Clemens to the village of Lubenec and sold Švihov together with Pšovlky to the Lords of Guttenstein around 1420. Later, both goods belonged to Messrs. Hochhauser von Hochhausen for a long time. Georg von Wobern ( Jiří Bobrovec z Bobrovic ) also held a share in Švihov from 1537 . He leased it to Georg Muchek von Buková, who did not fulfill his duties. In 1540 the farm was therefore leased to Johann Charvatha von Barstein ( Janu Charvátovi z Baršteina ) and then to the Lords of Štampach . The latter attached the farm to their Děkov estate . Marie Stampach, married von Chlum, sold the Švihov manor to the owners of the Pšovlky manor in 1602. After she married Heinrich Wilhelm Kolowrat-Bezdružický on Bistrau in 1612 , Johanna von Hochhausen sold her goods Švihov and Pšovlky to the governor of Lower Lusatia, Jaroslaw Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky on Petersburg and Sossen. His goods were confiscated after the Battle of the White Mountain and sold to Hermann Czernin von Chudenitz in 1623 . In 1639 he established the Great Czerninsche Familienfideikommiss, which consisted of the Bohemian dominions and estates Petersburg, Gießhübel , Neudek , Schönhof , Sedschitz , Miltschowes , Winař , Welchow , Kost and Kosmanos as well as the Silesian dominion Schmiedeberg . In 1644 he was made an imperial count. Subsequently, the imperial counts Czernin von und zu Chudenitz held the property without interruption. Among the landlords of Švihov were u. a. Johann Rudolf Czernin von und zu Chudenitz and from 1845 his son Eugen Karl Czernin von und zu Chudenitz .

In 1846 Schmiehof and Schmihof / Smichow consisted of 22 houses with 174 mostly German-speaking residents. There was an inn in the village. Parish was Woratschen . Schmiehof remained subordinate to the Fideikommiss rule in Petersburg until the middle of the 19th century .

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Schmihof / Švihov 1850 a municipality in the district Saaz and judicial district Jechnitz. In 1868 Schmihof was assigned to the Podersam district . As a result of a downpour, the Jechnitzer Bach swelled into a torrent in May 1872 and left severe damage. In 1897 the local railway Rakonitz – Petschau – Buchau started operating on the Rakonitz-Luditz .

In 1930 190 people lived in Schmihof , in 1932 there were 212. After the Munich Agreement , the community was added to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Podersam district until 1945 . In 1939 the community had 155 inhabitants. After the end of the Second World War, Švihov came back to Czechoslovakia and the German-speaking residents were expelled . The Okres Podbořany was abolished in 1960, since then Švihov belongs to the Okres Rakovník . In 1963 a temporary prison camp was set up in the fields northwest of Švihov; Instead of the barracks, the Oráčov prison was built there in the late 1960s. On July 1, 1980 it was incorporated into Oráčov. Since November 24, 1990, Švihov has again formed its own municipality.

Community structure

No districts are designated for the municipality of Švihov.

Attractions

• Chapel in the village square
• Starý zámek castle stables, southwest of the village on a rock spur above the Leština; the complex, which was probably built in the 13th century, consisted of a bailey and the actual castle, which were separated by a moat. It was extinguished during the Hussite Wars. Its remains were protected as a cultural monument in 1958.
• Jewish cemetery, in the fields north of Švihov

Web links

• History of Švihov

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/565326/Svihov
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 14: Saatzer Circle. Calve, Prague 1846, p. 286.
4. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Podersam district (Czech: Podborany). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).