Mutějovice

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Mutějovice
Mutějovice coat of arms
Mutějovice (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Středočeský kraj
District : Rakovník
Area : 1321.4004 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 12 '  N , 13 ° 43'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 11 '40 "  N , 13 ° 42' 32"  E
Height: 386  m nm
Residents : 808 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code : 270 07
License plate : S.
traffic
Street: Krupá - Kounov
Railway connection: Prague – Chomutov
Rakovník – Louny
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 2
administration
Mayor : Martin Pinka (as of 2013)
Address: Malá Strana 190
270 07 Mutějovice
Municipality number: 542121
Website : www.mutejovice.cz
Location of Mutějovice in the Rakovník district
map

Mutějovice (German Mutiowitz , also Mutowitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located ten kilometers north of Rakovník and belongs to the Okres Rakovník .

geography

Velká Strana with the Church of St. Wenceslaus

Mutějovice is located at the foot of the Džbán ( Krugwald ) in the Rakovnická kotlina ( Rakonitzer Kessel ). The Mutějovický stream flows through the village. The Džbán Nature Park extends to the north. To the north rises the Zadní Rovina (524 m), in the northeast of the Džbán (536 m), southeast of the Amálie (454 m) and in the northwest of the Pískový vrch (526 m). The railway line Praha – Chomutov runs on the southwestern edge of the village, and the Mutějovice zastávka stop is also located there. Mutějovice station is three kilometers north of the village on the Rakovník – Louny railway line .

Neighboring towns are Perun, Pnětluky and Domoušice in the north, Lhota pod Džbánem , Třeboc and Kroučová in the Northeast, Na Ratislavu, Hředle and Bulantovna the east, Krusovice and Krupá in the southeast, Lišany and Olešná in the south, Nesuchyně in the southwest, Milostín and Janov in the West as well as Kounov in the northwest.

history

Archaeological finds, especially in the vicinity of the Čertův kámen ( Devil's Stone ), prove that the area was settled in the Paleolithic . The remains of residential buildings and a smithy from the 9th century were found in the fields in the V Křížkách corridor .

The first written mention of the village Mutějovice, located on the Erfurter Steig and belonging to the fiefs of the Křivoklát Castle , was made in 1325 in the course of its emphyteutic suspension by King John of Luxembourg . Of the 33 hooves of land allocated, two were free hooves for the pastor and one for the judge. In 1337 King Johann pledged the village to Heinrich von Kaufungen , and in 1343 Johann's son Johann Heinrich confirmed the pledge to him. Three years later, the Bohemian crown redeemed Mutějovice and rejoined it in the Křivoklát domain. The Church of St. Wenceslaus was first mentioned in 1356. Between 1422 and 1454 the rule was pledged to Aleš von Sternberg . In Mutějovice at that time there was a customs collection on the Landessteig from Prague via Žatec to Saxony. King Vladislav II Jagiello left the collection of customs duties and the associated obligation to maintain the path in 1473 to Heinrich Kolowrat -Krakowsky, who sold this right to the town of Rakovník in 1501 .

After Wenzel Hřebecký von Piber bought the Kounov farm in 1539, it assumed its own high tariff collection. The residents of Mutějovice had to take care of the customs officers who lived in Mutějovice and were often cheated by them. In 1553 the town of Rakovník asked King Ferdinand I to leave two subjects at both ends of Mutějovice to take care of customs at the entrance and exit. 1554 pledged Ferdinand I. Mutějovice together with Řevničov and Hředle to Hieronymus Hrobschitzky von Hrobschitz . After the pledge had been redeemed in 1558, the three villages came back to the rule of Křivoklát; However, von Hrobschitzky still demanded the reimbursement of expenses from Archduke Ferdinand and in 1561 sued the Court of Justice. In 1565, Emperor Maximilian II returned to his predecessor at the request of the city and obliged the local Kretschmer to take the Rakonitz customs.

From 1565 the rule belonged to the property of the Bohemian governor Archduke Ferdinand, between 1577 and 1579 Georg Popel von Lobkowicz . After the repurchase by the Bohemian Crown, Mutějovice was added to the Kruschowitz Chamber Estate .

The community school founded in the second half of the 16th century was one of the first in a wide area. In 1585 the town of Rakovník bought the newly built road from Kounov to Mutějovice Burjan from Nostitz to Kounov with the consent of the district chief Christoph von Mettich , had a bridge built in Mutějovice and levied a bridge toll on every vehicle that entered there. During the Thirty Years' War in 1634 the imperial general Gallas invaded the area with 300 men and 400 horses, and the village was plundered and devastated. When troops of the Bavarian general von Holzappel camped in Mutějovice in 1647 , another plunder and arson took place. In the berní rula from 1651 in Mutějovice, 18 of their 35 farms are listed as burned down and desolate. 99 people lived in the village, 91 of whom were Catholics. In 1661 the former Protestant parish Mutějovice, which had been orphaned since the war, was abolished and the church became a branch of Neu-Straschitz .

In 1685 Leopold I sold the Crown Lords of Kruschowitz and Pürglitz for 400,000 guilders to Ernst Joseph Count von Waldstein . The first evidence of the cultivation of hops can be found in a purchase contract from 1699. In 1707 a parish was set up again in Mutiowitz . In 1731 Johann Joseph Graf von Waldstein bequeathed both dominions to his daughter and universal heiress Maria Anna Fürstin zu Fürstenberg . In 1756 they united the Lordship of Kruschowitz and Pürglitz in a will with the Gut Nischburg to form a family entailment of 400,000 guilders. Half of the inheritance went to her sons Joseph Wenzel zu Fürstenberg-Stühlingen and Karl Egon I zu Fürstenberg, the other half to her daughters Henriette Fürstin von Thurn und Taxis and Maria Theresia zu Fürstenberg. She appointed her second-born son Karl Egon I as Fideikommisserbeer, who also acquired the shares of his siblings through compensation. In 1786 a new cemetery was laid out at the north-western exit of the town. After the death of Karl Egon I, his eldest son Philipp Fürst zu Fürstenberg († 1790) inherited the property in 1787, followed by his children Karl Gabriel zu Fürstenberg († 1799) and Leopoldine Princess of Hesse-Rothenburg-Rheinfels. In 1803, the female heirs renounced a family settlement in favor of the minor Karl Egon II zu Fürstenberg and the princely and landgrave houses of Fürstenberg; Joachim Egon Landgraf von Fürstenberg was appointed as administrator until he came of age in 1817. In 1806 a large fire in Mutiowitz destroyed 47 houses and the church.

In 1843 Mutiowitz / Mutěgowice consisted of 71 houses with 557 inhabitants. The parish church of St. Wenceslaus. In the village there was also a school sponsored by the community and the chapel of St. Procopius. The residents cultivated hops; In addition, there were several small coal mines in the vicinity of the village , and plan stone quarries were operated in the Zban . Mutiowitz was the parish for Kruschowitz , Hředl , Milostin , Pawltschin ( Povlčín ), Nesuchin , Krupa , Lischan and Luschna . Until the middle of the 19th century, Mutiowitz remained subject to the Kruschowitz rule, which belonged to the Pürglitz family fideikommiss , including the feudal estates of Wschetat and Panaschow-Augezd .

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Muťovice / Mutiowitz 1850 a municipality in the county and judicial district Rakonitz. Until 1853 the cemetery also served as a burial place for the residents of Krušovice. After the death of Karl Egon II zu Fürstenberg in 1854, his second-born son Max Egon I inherited the Pürglitzer estates. With the completion of the Prague – Komotau railway in 1871, the municipality was connected to the rail network. The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1880. In 1893 a post office was set up in Muťovice . At that time, the place was the second largest hop growing area in the Rakonitz district after Kněževes . Ten coal pits were operated in the area. The mining company Union owned the Perun I, František and Josef mines with 1200 employees. The road to Lhota pod Džbánem was built in 1884. Between 1897 and 1908 the road to Hředle was built. Mutějovice has been used as a Czech place name since the beginning of the 20th century . Six people died in Mutějovice in 1900 from a TB infection. At that time there were 1096 inhabitants in the 149 houses of Mutějovice, of which 1078 were Catholics and 18 were Israelites. 154 children were enrolled in the local school. In 1904, the Rakonitz – Laun railway began operating on the Rakovník – Louny line ; At the 115 m long Džbán tunnel, the Mutějovice station was built, from which a branch line led to the Perun coal mine. In 1920 a middle school started teaching, the 73 pupils came from Mutějovice, Kounov, Nesuchyně, Krupá, Hředle, Lhota and Domoušice. In 1929 the Fürstenberg family sold their Pürglitzer goods to the Czechoslovak state. In 1932 Mutějovice had 1257 inhabitants. As a result of the Munich Agreement , Mutějovice became a border town to the German Empire from 1938 to 1945. Lhota pod Džbánem was incorporated in 1961. The Perun colliery was closed in 1986.

Mutějovice is a traditional hop-growing region. The municipality is a member of the Poddžbánsko Microregion and Lounské Podlesí Microregion.

Community structure

The municipality Mutějovice consists of the districts and cadastral districts Lhota pod Džbánem ( Welhotten ) and Mutějovice ( Mutiowitz ). Mutějovice also includes the settlement of Perun or Džbán and the plain Důl František.

Attractions

  • Church of St. Wenceslas in Mutějovice. The building, which dates from the 14th century, was redesigned in 1707 in baroque style and destroyed in the village fire of 1806. During the reconstruction, the church received a new high tower, new altars and a cast-iron pulpit. The church was repaired in 1894–1895, with a new organ and the new Wenceslas bell .
  • Church of St. Prokop in Mutějovice, built 1740–1744 from the residents' funds to commemorate the plague. The last repair took place in the 1850s. The cultural monument that was about to collapse is not accessible and is cordoned off by a fence.
  • Rectory with granary and kiln, the single-storey building was built in 1706
  • Statue of the Virgin Mary in Mutějovice, created in 1760
  • The center of Mutějovice with an ensemble of farmsteads in folk planning architecture on Velká Straná and Malá Strana. There you will find the town hall, the Duchek pottery workshop with a gallery of Bohemian wood-fired ceramics , the Poddžbánský pivovar brewery and the birthplace of Gustav Kroupa.
  • Čertův kámen ( Devil's Stone ), large quartzite block one meter high with interrupted longitudinal grooves on the surface, north of Mutějovice on the road to Perun. It is believed that it is related to the megalithic rows of stones from Kounov or that it was a pagan cult site. According to various legends, it is said to have been dropped by the devil who wanted to destroy St. Prokop's Church with the stone, to plug the fountain in Pnětluky or to throw it on St. Peter's Basilica in Rome at the first cockcream.
  • Protected linden tree at the Mutějovice cemetery
  • The memorial stone for Jan Hus , the block of araukarite, which was unveiled on November 7, 1920, stands in front of the school in Mutějovice. John of Nepomuk
  • Memorial stone for the fallen of the First World War in Mutějovice
  • Džbán castle ruins , also called Čbán or Držemberk, on a spur of the Džbán plateau north of Mutějovice
  • Chapel of the Virgin Mary in Lhota pod Džbánem, built in 1774
  • Baroque statue of St. Adalbert, at Lhota pod Džbánem
  • Attractions

  • Church of St. Procopius

  • Water tower near Mutějovice

  • Virgin Mary statue

Sons and daughters of the church

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/542121/Mutejovice
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 13: Rakonitz Circle. Calve, Prague 1845, p. 291.
  4. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/542121/Obec-Mutejovice
  5. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/542121/Obec-Mutejovice
  6. ↑ http://www.mutejovice.cz/turisticke-informace/certuv-kamen/