Deštnice
| Deštnice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Ústecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Louny | ||||
| Area : | 1074.171 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 14 ' N , 13 ° 37' E | ||||
| Height: | 346 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 195 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 439 31 | ||||
| License plate : | U | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Měcholupy - Svojetín | ||||
| Railway connection: | Prague – Chomutov | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 2 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Martina Bartošová (as of 2013) | ||||
| Address: | Deštnice 112 438 01 Žatec 1 |
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| Municipality number: | 566128 | ||||
| Website : | www.destnice.cz | ||||
| Location of Deštnice in the Louny district | |||||
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Deštnice (German Teschnitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located twelve kilometers southeast of Žatec and belongs to the Okres Louny .
geography
Deštnice is located in the northwest of the Džbán Mountains on the Sádecký brook. To the north rises the Sádecký vrch (422 m), in the northeast the Výrov ( Hohe Puck , 509 m), in the east the Špičák ( Spitzberg , 488 m) and Pískový vrch ( Sandberg , 526 m), in the southeast the Lišák (462 m) ), west of the Černocký vrch (419 m) and the Želečský výšina (428 m) and in the northwest of the Holý vrch (382 m). The railway line Praha – Chomutov passes to the west of the village , the station is half a kilometer south of the village.
Neighboring towns are Sádek, Nový Dvůr and Lhota in the north, Nečemice in the northeast, Domoušice and Filipov in the east, Kounov and Janov in the southeast, Svojetín , Nová Hospoda and Velká Černoc in the south, Malá Černoc in the southwest, Soběchleby in the west and Želeč in the northwest.
history
The first written mention of the village took place in 1368 when Jindřich von Bezděkov bought it. The next owner was Mikuláš Hrzek at the beginning of the 15th century. After that the village and the fortress belonged to Hlaváč from Deštnice. He was followed by Tvoch von Nedvídkov. Subsequently, the owners changed in quick succession for over a hundred years until Bohuslav Felix von Lobkowitz and Hassenstein bought the goods in 1552 and added Líčkov to his rule, which then remained with him for 300 years. In the berní rula from 1654 14 properties are recorded for Teschnitz. All of the residents were hop farmers and had German names. In 1787 Teschnitz consisted of 52 houses.
After the abolition of patrimonial Teschnitz / Dešnice formed a municipality in the Saaz district from 1850 . At that time the village had 364 inhabitants. On February 4, 1871 by the Buštěhrad Railway route Prague-Chomutov inaugurated. The train passed Teschnitz. The Satkau-Teschnitz station was four kilometers from Teschnitz in the forest. The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1872. In 1880 the population had grown to 591. On May 1, 1903, the new train station at Teschnitz was inaugurated and in 1905 double-track operation began between Satkau and Gnadendorf , and at the same time between Michelob and Trnowan.
In 1925 the Ministry of Agriculture of Czechoslovakia acquired the Drehersche Meiergut and set up a test station for hops ( Výzkumná stanice chmelařská ). This led to the protest of the German national peasantry in parliament, who demanded a German hop research institute and the publication of the official reports in German as well. In 1930 the community of Teschnitz had 620 inhabitants, 471 of them were Germans and 149 Czechs. At that time there were two German and one Czech schools in Teschnitz. From 1931 Karel Osvald headed the research station. After the Munich Agreement , the place was added to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Saaz district until 1945 . The relocation of the experimental station to Rakovník , ordered by the Ministry of Agriculture in Prague, could only be implemented in October 1939. The Czech population left the village because of the disadvantages that began and moved across the nearby imperial border into Czechoslovakia. In 1939 only 540 people lived in the community. After the end of the Second World War, Deštnice came back to Czechoslovakia and the German population was expelled . Then the abandoned village was looted. Osvald returned to the estate after the end of the war and conducted tough negotiations about the return of the hop experimental station to Deštnice, which took place in 1947. In 1946/47 re-emigrants from Volhynia were settled and some immigrants from inland and Slovakia. In 1950 Deštnice had 337 inhabitants.
With the beginning of 1961 the incorporation of Sádek took place, at the same time the place was assigned to the Okres Louny . In 1980 Deštnice had 216 inhabitants. Between 1981 and 1990 Deštnice and Sádek were incorporated into Měcholupy . After the state property was dissolved, the activities of the hop experimental station also ended on June 10, 1992. The estate was privatized and CHMELAŘ sro founded, which in 1994 founded VF HUMULUS sro as a joint venture with the Sapporo Brewery , Nichietsu Corporation and TOP HOP Ltd and operates two test fields. In 1997 VF HUMULUS set up a new research laboratory.
Community structure
The municipality Deštnice consists of the districts Deštnice ( Teschnitz ) and Sádek ( Satkau ), which also form cadastral districts. To Deštnice also includes the settlements Evik and Nová Hospoda ( Neuwirtshaus ).
Attractions
- Baroque Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary from 1783, on the village square
- Classicist chapel from the 19th century on the Sádek village square
- Statues of St. Georg and Florian, in Sádek
- Double tunnel construction behind the cemetery, the road leading to Nová Hospoda over the Dorfbach is bridged by the railway, the technical monument was renovated in 2008
- Hop growing museum, in the former experimental station
Personalities
- Karel Osvald (1899–1948), the Czech hop breeder, worked from 1931 to 1939 at the special experimental station for hops in Teschnitz
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information on the municipality (ces)
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Rede d. Output Franz Matzner, Neudörfel (DNB)
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/566128/Obec-Destnice
- ↑ Community structure (ces)
