Fort Tuttlingen

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Fort Tuttlingen
limes ORL NN ( RLK )
Route (RLK) Raetian Limes , older Danube line
Dating (occupancy) unsecured,
possibly Claudian to Flavian
Type possibly cohort fort
unit unknown
size unknown
Construction at least partially stone construction
State of preservation completely built over
place Tuttlingen
Geographical location 47 ° 58 ′ 54 "  N , 8 ° 48 ′ 48"  E
height 646  m above sea level NHN
Previous ORL 62a Hüfingen Fort (west)
Subsequently Ennetach Fort (east)

The Tuttlingen fort is a presumed former Roman border fort on the older Danube line of the Raetian Limes . It is located with the vicus fort, which is also to be expected, in the area of ​​today's city of Tuttlingen , the district town of the Tuttlingen district in Baden-Württemberg .

location

The presumed fort Tuttlingen is located in the completely built-up urban area of ​​Tuttlingen, probably in the corridors “Stadtäcker”, “Axau”, “Gärtle” and “Stock”, immediately south of the Danube .

It belonged to a chain of forts which, starting from Brigobannis ( Hüfingen ), secured the so-called Donausüdstraße and the Danube itself as part of the northern border of the Roman Empire. At this point, the Kinzigtalstrasse, laid out around 73/74 AD, coming from Argentorate ( Strasbourg ) and leading through the Black Forest as well as over the Waldmössingen fort and the Arae Flaviae ( Rottweil ), met the Donausüdstrasse. This route considerably shortened the distance between the Rhenish legionary camps of the Roman provinces Germania superior and Germania inferior to the province of Noricum and the Balkans that began southeast of it and was of outstanding strategic importance. A military security of this neuralgic traffic junction was therefore necessary and was presumably incumbent on the unit stationed in Tuttlingen, which was connected via the Donausüdstraße itself with the neighboring forts Brigobannis in the west and Ennetach in the east.

Research history

Due to the dense overbuilding, large-scale archaeological excavations were of course never possible. All knowledge and interpretations are based on a series of individual finds and findings , but in their entirety form evidence of the fort that is likely to be presumed and assumed here.

In 1874 the state curator Eduard Paulus d. J. Roman finds from the Tuttlinger Flur "Steinäcker" for the first time. In 1892 a Roman wall was observed in Zeughausstrasse. Further finds were made in 1893; In 1894 a Roman building was found on the corner of Zeughausstrasse and Bismarckstrasse. In 1925 a Roman cultural layer was cut in Friedrichstrasse and in 1969 a coin belonging to Emperor Vespasian was finally found.

Findings

The building from the Zeughausstrasse / Bismarckstrasse area shows similarities with the north-eastern corner of the Principia (staff building) of Fort Riißissen and the northern corner of Fort Emerkingen . This makes the assumption probable that this could be the principia of a camp of the older Danube line of the Raetian Limes to be expected at this point .

Monument protection, preservation of findings and what is found

The Tuttlingen Fort is completely built over in a modern way, so that a large-scale excavation, but also a large-scale destruction, can be ruled out. Regardless of this, the “Tuttlingen Castle” ground monument is protected as a registered cultural monument within the meaning of the Monument Protection Act of the State of Baden-Württemberg (DSchG) . Investigations and targeted collection of finds are subject to approval, and accidental finds are reported to the monument authorities.

The found material that has been recovered so far is located in the Tuttlinger Museum in the “Fruchtkasten” and in the stacks of the Württemberg State Museum in the Old Castle in Stuttgart .

See also

literature

  • Philipp Filtzinger : Tuttlingen. Cohort fort (?) . In: Dieter Planck (Ed.): The Romans in Baden-Württemberg . Theiss, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8062-1555-3 , p. 338 f.
  • Philipp Filtzinger: Tuttlingen. Cohort fort (?) . In: Philipp Filtzinger, Dieter Planck, Bernhard Cämmerer (eds.): The Romans in Baden-Württemberg. 3. Edition. Theiss, Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3-8062-0287-7 , p. 584 ff.
  • Philipp Filtzinger: Fort Tuttlingen . Volksbank, Tuttlingen 1983.
  • Philipp Filtzinger: Fort Tuttlingen . In: Find reports from Baden-Württemberg , 1. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-510-49101-7 , pp. 417-436, ( digitized version ).
  • Friedrich Hertlein , Peter Goessler : The streets and fortifications of the Roman Württemberg . In: Friedrich Hertlein, Oscar Paret , Peter Goessler: The Romans in Württemberg . Part 2. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1930, pp. 15, 33, 197.
  • Oscar Paret: The Settlements of Roman Wuerttemberg . In: Friedrich Hertlein, Oscar Paret, Peter Goessler: The Romans in Württemberg . Part 3. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1932, pp. 158, 186, 199, 209, 223, 264, 383.