List of GNU packages

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This list of GNU packages lists relevant software packages that were developed for the Free Software Foundation (FSF for short) - or are maintained by it - as part of the GNU project . GNU is a Unix-like operating system that consists entirely of free software . Many of these software packages are used together with the Linux kernel and thus form a fully functional computer operating system.

Definition of a GNU package

In 2013 Richard Stallman identified nine aspects that generally make up a GNU package, but he also noted that there is certainly the possibility of flexibility and exceptions to these rules if there are valid reasons:

  1. The developers have to claim that it is a GNU package.
  2. The package should be distributed via ftp.gnu.org, or another site that offers free access for all.
  3. The website of the GNU package should be the GNU website.
  4. Developers must pay special attention to ensure that their software works well with other GNU packages.
  5. The documentation should be saved in Texinfo format or in a format that can be easily converted to Texinfo.
  6. In the package, GNU Guile should be used for the extension languages. However, exceptions are allowed.
  7. No non-free software should be recommended in the package and no reference should be made to non-free documentation or non-free software.
  8. The package must use GNU terminology, such as GNU / Linux for the operating system and the term "free software" instead of " open source ".
  9. The maintainer should be able to be contacted, at least every now and then, to discuss problems in the software or compatibility issues.

Basic system

There is no official "base system" of the GNU operating system. GNU was designed to replace Unix 's operating system in the 1980s. It only uses the POSIX standard as a guideline, since its definition would result in a much larger “basic system”. The following list is a small compilation of GNU packages that could best be called "core" packages - contrary to the packages listed below. Of course this listing is debatable (including plotutils and C standard library only ).

Surname description supplies version
bash GNU's UNIX compatible shell bash 5.0 (January 7, 2019)
coreutils Basic commands fileutils : chgrp , chown , chmod , cp , dd , df , you , you , ln , ls , mkdir , mkfifo , mknod , mv , rm , etc.

textutils : cat , cksum , head , tail , md5sum , nl , od , pr , tsort , join , wc , tac , paste etc.
shellutils : basename , chroot , date , dirname , echo , env , groups , hostname , nice , nohup , printf , sleep etc.

8.31 (March 10, 2019)
cpio Archiving program cpio 2.13 (November 6, 2019)
diffutils includes tools for comparing documents diff , cmp , diff3 , sdiff 3.7 (December 31, 2018)
findutils includes search tools find , locate , xargs 4.7.0 (August 29, 2019)
finger User information n / A. 1.37 (October 28, 1992)
grep searches for strings in documents grep 3.3 (December 20, 2018)
groff Document processing system groff 1.22.4 (December 23, 2018)
GRUB GR and U nified B ootloader dug 2.04 (July 5, 2019)
gzip Compression program (gzip) gzip 1.10 (December 30, 2018)
HURD Microkernel-based compilation of servers that perform the same functions as the UNIX kernel n / A. 0.9 (December 18, 2016)
inetutils useful tool for networking ftp , telnet , rsh , rlogin , tftp 1.9.4 (June 10, 2015)
Linux libre A "debobbed" kernel of the Linux kernel . This consists entirely of free software. n / A. 5.3 (September 15, 2019)
plotutils useful tool to address different devices graph , libplot , libplotter 2.6 (September 27, 2009)
readline Useful library for reading command lines readline 8.0 (January 7, 2019)
screen a terminal multiplexer screen 4.7.0 (October 1, 2019)
sed Stream editor sed 4.8 (January 15, 2020)
sysutils system utilities is used to manage users, groups, passwords and shells add-shell, chage, chfn, chgroup, chgrpmem, chpasswd, chsh, chuser, cppw, expiry, gpasswd, grpck, gshadow, hwclock, isosize, last, lastlog, login, lsage, lsgroup, lsuser, mkgroup, mkuser, nologin, passwd, pwck, remove-shell, rmgroup, rmuser, setpwnam, vipw, wall, write 0.1.6 (2009)
tar Archiving program that can handle and create many different formats. tar 1.32 (February 23, 2019)
texinfo Documentation system for creating online and printed manuals info, makeinfo, texindex 6.7 (September 24, 2019)
time Program for determining the execution time of a command time 1.9 (March 12, 2018)

Remarks

  1. ↑ These are stable versions. However, there are distributions (e.g. Gentoo Linux ) that already use development versions, as stable versions may already be out of date.
  2. ↑ Since HURD is still in active development, there is currently no stable version. HURD is distributed through version control systems.
  3. ↑ There is currently no stable version. The current version is still alpha and therefore not yet suitable for productive use.

Software development programs

The software listed below is generally useful to software developers and programmers .

GNU toolchain

Other library and frameworks

The following program libraries and frameworks are often used in combination with the basic tool chains above:

For libraries that are specifically designed to implement GUI , see graphical user interface .

Other compilers and interpreters

The following packages offer compilers and interpreters for programming languages ​​that extend beyond those of the GNU Compiler Collection :

Other developer tools

User programs

The software listed here is generally useful for users who are not particularly into software development.

Graphical user interface

The following packages provide GUIs for desktop environments , window managers and the associated graphics libraries.

  • GIMP - GNU Image Manipulation Program, a bitmap image editor (similar to Photoshop )
  • GTK + - GIMP tool kit, includes GTK +, GDK and GLib set of libraries (used by GIMP and GNOME)
  • Gnome - GNU Network Object Model Environment, the official GNU desktop platform
  • GNUstep - Implementation of the Cocoa / OpenStep libraries and development tools for graphic applications
  • Window Maker - Window manager for the GNUstep environment

General system administration

Databases

Scientific software

Internet

A user page on a GNU MediaGoblin -0.2.0-based website

office

multimedia

Games

Business programs

Fonts

  • GNU FreeFont - a family of free, open source fonts from the GNU Project
  • GNU Typewriter - a font used by the FSF for a variety of things.

See also

Portal: Free Software  - Overview of Wikipedia content on the subject of Free Software

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Re: On the subject of Git, Bazaar, and the future of Emacs development. April 3, 2013, accessed August 25, 2014 .
  2. ^ Re: On the subject of Git, Bazaar, and the future of Emacs development. April 3, 2013, accessed August 25, 2014 .
  3. ↑ subversion repository NEWS file of sysutils.Retrieved July 23, 2013.
  4. ↑ GNU LibreJS. The Free Software Foundation , accessed December 8, 2014 .
  5. ↑ Tim Marston: GNU Typist 2.9.3 released. info-gnu, June 7, 2013, accessed June 9, 2013 .
  6. ↑ GNU remote control. In: directory.fsf.org . FSF , September 30, 2013, accessed May 14, 2020 .
  7. ↑ GNU FreeFont. GNU.org, accessed May 14, 2020 .
  8. ^ John Sullivan: Free software advocacy materials. Free Software Foundation, April 27, 2007, accessed May 14, 2020 .

Web links