List of GNU packages
This list of GNU packages lists relevant software packages that were developed for the Free Software Foundation (FSF for short) - or are maintained by it - as part of the GNU project . GNU is a Unix-like operating system that consists entirely of free software . Many of these software packages are used together with the Linux kernel and thus form a fully functional computer operating system.
Definition of a GNU package
In 2013 Richard Stallman identified nine aspects that generally make up a GNU package, but he also noted that there is certainly the possibility of flexibility and exceptions to these rules if there are valid reasons:
- The developers have to claim that it is a GNU package.
- The package should be distributed via ftp.gnu.org, or another site that offers free access for all.
- The website of the GNU package should be the GNU website.
- Developers must pay special attention to ensure that their software works well with other GNU packages.
- The documentation should be saved in Texinfo format or in a format that can be easily converted to Texinfo.
- In the package, GNU Guile should be used for the extension languages. However, exceptions are allowed.
- No non-free software should be recommended in the package and no reference should be made to non-free documentation or non-free software.
- The package must use GNU terminology, such as GNU / Linux for the operating system and the term "free software" instead of " open source ".
- The maintainer should be able to be contacted, at least every now and then, to discuss problems in the software or compatibility issues.
Basic system
There is no official "base system" of the GNU operating system. GNU was designed to replace Unix 's operating system in the 1980s. It only uses the POSIX standard as a guideline, since its definition would result in a much larger “basic system”. The following list is a small compilation of GNU packages that could best be called "core" packages - contrary to the packages listed below. Of course this listing is debatable (including plotutils and C standard library only ).
Surname | description | supplies | version |
---|---|---|---|
bash | GNU's UNIX compatible shell | bash | 5.0 (January 7, 2019) |
coreutils | Basic commands |
fileutils : chgrp , chown , chmod , cp , dd , df , you , you , ln , ls , mkdir , mkfifo , mknod , mv , rm , etc. textutils : cat , cksum , head , tail , md5sum , nl , od , pr , tsort , join , wc , tac , paste etc. |
8.31 (March 10, 2019) |
cpio | Archiving program | cpio | 2.13 (November 6, 2019) |
diffutils | includes tools for comparing documents | diff , cmp , diff3 , sdiff | 3.7 (December 31, 2018) |
findutils | includes search tools | find , locate , xargs | 4.7.0 (August 29, 2019) |
finger | User information | n / A. | 1.37 (October 28, 1992) |
grep | searches for strings in documents | grep | 3.3 (December 20, 2018) |
groff | Document processing system | groff | 1.22.4 (December 23, 2018) |
GRUB | GR and U nified B ootloader | dug | 2.04 (July 5, 2019) |
gzip | Compression program (gzip) | gzip | 1.10 (December 30, 2018) |
HURD | Microkernel-based compilation of servers that perform the same functions as the UNIX kernel | n / A. | 0.9 (December 18, 2016) |
inetutils | useful tool for networking | ftp , telnet , rsh , rlogin , tftp | 1.9.4 (June 10, 2015) |
Linux libre | A "debobbed" kernel of the Linux kernel . This consists entirely of free software. | n / A. | 5.3 (September 15, 2019) |
plotutils | useful tool to address different devices | graph , libplot , libplotter | 2.6 (September 27, 2009) |
readline | Useful library for reading command lines | readline | 8.0 (January 7, 2019) |
screen | a terminal multiplexer | screen | 4.7.0 (October 1, 2019) |
sed | Stream editor | sed | 4.8 (January 15, 2020) |
sysutils | system utilities is used to manage users, groups, passwords and shells | add-shell, chage, chfn, chgroup, chgrpmem, chpasswd, chsh, chuser, cppw, expiry, gpasswd, grpck, gshadow, hwclock, isosize, last, lastlog, login, lsage, lsgroup, lsuser, mkgroup, mkuser, nologin, passwd, pwck, remove-shell, rmgroup, rmuser, setpwnam, vipw, wall, write | 0.1.6 (2009) |
tar | Archiving program that can handle and create many different formats. | tar | 1.32 (February 23, 2019) |
texinfo | Documentation system for creating online and printed manuals | info, makeinfo, texindex | 6.7 (September 24, 2019) |
time | Program for determining the execution time of a command | time | 1.9 (March 12, 2018) |
Remarks
- ↑ These are stable versions. However, there are distributions (e.g. Gentoo Linux ) that already use development versions, as stable versions may already be out of date.
- ↑ Since HURD is still in active development, there is currently no stable version. HURD is distributed through version control systems.
- ↑ There is currently no stable version. The current version is still alpha and therefore not yet suitable for productive use.
Software development programs
The software listed below is generally useful to software developers and programmers .
GNU toolchain
- GNU Binutils - contains the GNU assembler (as) and the GNU linker (ld)
- GNU Bison - parser an intended replacement for yacc
- GNU Build System (autotools) - includes Autoconf , Automake , Autoheader and Libtool
- GNU Compiler Collection - optimizing compiler for many programming languages including C , C ++ , Fortran , Ada , and Java
- GNU Debugger (gdb) - a modern debugger
- GNU m4 macro processor
- GNU make - Make program for GNU
Other library and frameworks
The following program libraries and frameworks are often used in combination with the basic tool chains above:
For libraries that are specifically designed to implement GUI , see graphical user interface .
- BFD - Object files program library
- DotGNU - replacement for Microsoft .NET
- GNU C library (glibc) - POSIX compliant C standard library
- GNU Classpath - program library for Java
- GNU fribidi - program library Unicode 's bidirectional text implemented
- GNU gettext - internationalization program library
- Gnulib - portable program library designed for use with the GNU build system
- GNU libmicrohttpd - embeddable HTTP server
- GNU lightning - just-in-time compilation for generating machine language
- GNU MPC - C library for complex arithmetic calculations
- GNU oSIP - Session Initiation Protocol - program library for implementing VoIP programs
- GNU Portable Threads - software threads for POSIX -compatible operating systems
Other compilers and interpreters
The following packages offer compilers and interpreters for programming languages that extend beyond those of the GNU Compiler Collection :
- CLISP - ANSI Common Lisp implementation (compiler, debugger, and interpreter)
- Gawk - GNU awk implementation
- GNU Common Lisp - Implementation of Common Lisp
- GNU MDK - A development kit for programming in MIX
- GNU Pascal - Pascal compiler
- GNU Smalltalk - ANSI Smalltalk -98 Implementation (interpreter and class library)
- MIT / GNU Scheme - interpreter, compiler and library for the Scheme programming language developed at MIT
- SmartEiffel - GNU Eiffel compiler
- GNU Mes - Scheme interpreter and C - compiler for bootstrapping the GNU system.
Other developer tools
- Data Display Debugger - Front-end debugger for various debuggers (ddd)
- GNU arch distributed revision control system (deprecated in favor of GNU Bazaar)
- GNU AutoGen - active tier-style tool for automatic code generation
- GNU Bazaar - distributed revision control system
- GNU cflow - generates C flowcharts
- GNU cppi - indicates C preprocessor policies in files and to mirror their nesting
- GNU Fontutils - font management tools
- GNU gperf - "perfect hash function generator" generates hash functions
- GNU indent - program for indenting C and C ++ source code
- GNU SASL - GNU SASL is a modern C library
User programs
The software listed here is generally useful for users who are not particularly into software development.
Graphical user interface
The following packages provide GUIs for desktop environments , window managers and the associated graphics libraries.
- GIMP - GNU Image Manipulation Program, a bitmap image editor (similar to Photoshop )
- GTK + - GIMP tool kit, includes GTK +, GDK and GLib set of libraries (used by GIMP and GNOME)
- Gnome - GNU Network Object Model Environment, the official GNU desktop platform
- GNUstep - Implementation of the Cocoa / OpenStep libraries and development tools for graphic applications
- Window Maker - Window manager for the GNUstep environment
General system administration
- GNU Accounting Utils - a range of tools that provide statistics on users and processes (last, ac, accton, lastcomm, sa, dump-utmp, dump-acct).
- GNU Ddrescue - File Recovery Tool
- GNU Emacs - Implementation of an Emacs editor
- GNU fcrypt - on-the-fly encryption
- GNU Guix - package management and distribution of the GNU system
- GNU libextractor - metadata extraction library and tool
- GNU nano - text editor
- GNU parallel - Shell tool for performing parallel tasks
- GNU Parted - hard disk partitioning program
- GNU Privacy Guard - PGP encryption replacement
- GNU Stow - Installation management of software packages
- pexec - Shell tool for performing parallel tasks
Databases
- GnowSys - Kernel for semantic calculations
- GNU dbm (GDBM)
- GNU Ferret - Free Entity Relationship and Reverse Engineering Tool, a SQL database designer
Scientific software
- GMP - long number arithmetic numerical program calculation library
- GNU Archimedes - TCAD software for semiconductor device simulation
- Gnucap - program for circuit simulation
- GNU datamesh - programming language and command line tool for statistical calculations
- GNU Electric - EDA software for drawing circuit diagrams and integrated circuits
- GNU Octave - program for numerical calculations
- GSL - GNU Scientific Library
- GNU Units - used to convert units
- PSPP - statistics program similar to SPSS
- R - programming language and software environment for statistical calculations and graphics
- XaoS - fractal zoomer
Internet
- GNU Alexandria - uses GNU Bayonne to provide access to electronic content and services for the blind over the public telephone network
- GNU Anubis - outgoing mail processor that sits between MUA and MTA .
- GNU FM - Federated Music Community Platform , is commonly referred to in conjunction with Libre.fm .
- GNU Mailman - electronic mailing list management
- GNU MediaGoblin - decentralized media distribution
- GNU Social - Distributed social network that works as a follow-up project on the code base of StatusNet
- Gnu Sovix - PHP -based website revision system
- GNU wget - advanced file retrieval from networks and the Internet
- GNUnet - decentralized peer-to-peer network designed to be resistant to censorship
- GnuTLS - TLS replacement protocol
- Gnuzilla - Version of the Mozilla Application Suite which only contains free software (e.g. the GNU IceCat web browser)
- lsh - implementation of the secure shell protocol version 2
- GNU LibreJS - a browser add-on that detects and blocks non-free and non-trivial JavaScript .
- GNU Artanis - GNU Artanis is a Web Application Framework (WAF) written in the Guile Scheme
office
- GNU Aspell - Spell Checker designed as a possible replacement for Ispell
- GNU gcal - calculates and prints calendars
- GNU Miscfiles - multiple data documents including standard airport, country and language codes
- GNU Typist - multilingual typing tutor
- Gnumeric - spreadsheet program ( Excel compatible)
- Ocrad - Optical Character Recognition , OCR for short
multimedia
- 3DLDF - graphics package for the creation of three-dimensional technical drawings (especially for integration in TeX documents).
- Dia - vector graphics program for creating diagrams
- Gnash - Player and Browser plugin for the Adobe Flash document format
- GNU LibreDWG - library for reading and writing .dwg documents (used in CAD programs).
- GNU LilyPond - free music notation program
- GNU Maverik - Virtual Reality Microkernel
- GNU Panorama - 3D Framework, ray tracing
Games
- GNU Backgammon - backgammon game
- GNUbik - Implementation of the Rubik's Cube puzzle
- GNU Chess - chess engine for the use of glChess , XBoard or similar
- GNU Go - implementation of the board game Go
- GNU Jump - based on Xjump ; also known as SDL Jump
- GNU Kart - car racing game
- GNU Robots - game for software developers
- Liquid War - war game
Business programs
- GNU Health - free health and hospital information system
- GNUmed - medical practice management software for medical use
- GnuCash - free accounting program
- GNU remotecontrol - a web application for managing building automation devices
Fonts
- GNU FreeFont - a family of free, open source fonts from the GNU Project
- GNU Typewriter - a font used by the FSF for a variety of things.
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Re: On the subject of Git, Bazaar, and the future of Emacs development. April 3, 2013, accessed August 25, 2014 .
- ^ Re: On the subject of Git, Bazaar, and the future of Emacs development. April 3, 2013, accessed August 25, 2014 .
- ↑ subversion repository NEWS file of sysutils.Retrieved July 23, 2013.
- ↑ GNU LibreJS. The Free Software Foundation , accessed December 8, 2014 .
- ↑ Tim Marston: GNU Typist 2.9.3 released. info-gnu, June 7, 2013, accessed June 9, 2013 .
- ↑ GNU remote control. In: directory.fsf.org . FSF , September 30, 2013, accessed May 14, 2020 .
- ↑ GNU FreeFont. GNU.org, accessed May 14, 2020 .
- ^ John Sullivan: Free software advocacy materials. Free Software Foundation, April 27, 2007, accessed May 14, 2020 .