List of governors of Vorarlberg

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This list deals with people who were at the head of the provincial administration of Vorarlberg or the provincial government, i. that is, in rank immediately after the ruler (sovereign) came, or were chief of the respective authority. The name and the respective task or authority changed: District chief, Bavarian district and general commissioners, district presidents, district chiefs, governors , governors (temporarily only as deputy of the state chief), Gauleiter / Reich governor , high commissioners (after 1945) and governor (the Republic of Austria).

Until the 18th century, Vorarlberg was divided into several territories ruled by different rulers. A large part belonged to the Habsburgs and was part of Upper Austria , there were also imperial immediate areas, such as the Reichshof Lustenau . Only when the County of Hohenems fell to the Habsburgs and in 1786 they merged the lordships of Bregenz and Hohenems to form the Vorarlberg district office , a larger, unified area of ​​rulership emerged - one country . In the spring of 1800 the country was conquered by the French and from 1806 to 1814 it was part of the Illerkreis of the new Kingdom of Bavaria . After it was returned to the Habsburgs, the circles that were ruled from Innsbruck were re-established. Vorarlberg only became a crown land in 1861 and received its own state parliament , state committee (state government) and a state governor , but this governor remained subordinate to the governorship in Innsbruck in matters of the state as a whole. After the First World War, Vorarlberg became a separate federal state , only a few areas such as the Higher Regional Court remained in Innsbruck. In the Third Reich, Tyrol and Vorarlberg were united to form a Reichsgau . After the Second World War, the country became an independent federal state again, but remained a French zone of occupation until 1955 . With the accession to the European Union came the next big change, although this did not have as many effects at the state level as at the federal level.

District Chiefs of the Vorarlberg District Office (1786 to 1806)

In 1786, the Vorarlberg district office with its seat in Bregenz was re-established from the lordships of Bregenz and Hohenems and the bailiwick offices of Feldkirch and Bludenz with the associated courts. The district offices had both political and financial tasks to perform. The district office in Bregenz and the other Tyrolean district offices were subordinate to the Gubernium in Innsbruck, which was headed by the Tyrolean governor.

This list is not exhaustive .

  • Karl von Schenk (Karl Maria Edler von Schenk) December 1, 1783 - August 10, 1789 as governor
  • Ignaz Anton von Indermauer (* July 31, 1759; † August 10, 1796) 1789–1791 provisionally, murdered 1791 - August 10, 1796
  • Johann Jakob von Vicari (1740–1805), January 1797 - December 25, 1805 Landvogt and district chief
  • Franz von Vintler (1768–1807), already represented in 1805, 1806 - March 13, 1806 Landvogt and Kreishauptmann (from Bregenz)

Bavarian occupation (1806 to 1814)

In the Peace of Pressburg of December 26, 1805, Austria a. a. cede the counties of Tyrol and Vorarlberg to the electorate and the later (from 1806) Kingdom of Bavaria . In March 1806 Bavarian troops marched into the Vorarlberg area. Vorarlberg was separated from Tyrol with effect from April 26, 1806 and placed under the province of Swabia and remained administratively separate from Tyrol until reunification with Austria. see Illerkreis (Kempten)

As a result of the "Constitution for the Kingdom of Bavaria" issued by King Max Joseph on May 1, 1808 , the Illerkreis was created by a "Supreme Ordinance" of June 21, 1808. District capital were Kempten. The political-administrative management of each district was taken over by a "General Commissioner" and the management of financial transactions by a "Finance Directorate". The General State Commissariat for the Province of Tyrol and the Gubernium in Innsbruck were dissolved. This new district constitution came into force on October 1, 1808.

The Bavarian reforms, such as the closure of monasteries and churches, the ban on pilgrimages, etc., led to the popular uprising in 1809 under the leadership of Franz Anton Schneider and Bernhard Riedmiller , which was put down in July of the same year.

After the victory over Napoleon, the area of ​​Vorarlberg (excluding the western Allgäu) came back to Austria on July 7, 1814. The facilities found were left in place until further notice.

Bavarian administration in the Illerkreis (1806 to 1813/1814)

  • Franz von Vintler (1768–1807) January 1, 1807 - April 22, 1807 District Commissioner
    • Abraham Kutter (* 1748 Ravensburg; † 1822) Protestant, from May 8, 1804 electoral prince. City Commissioner and Police Director of Ravensburg, previously rent office administrator; Director of the Illerkreis from 1808
  • Maximilian Ludwig Balthasar von Merz (1758–1811) August 30, 1808 - 1809 as general commissioner

District Chiefs, District Presidents and District Heads of Vorarlberg (1814 to 1861)

District Captain (1814 to 1849)

  • Franz Anton Daubrawa von Daubraweik (1763–1836), 1814–1822
  • Johann Nepomuk Ebner von Rofenstein (from March 30, 1839 Knight of Rofenstein; 1790–1876), 1822 - December 31, 1849

District President (1850 to 1855)

Administrative reform in 1849 after the revolution : abolition of the manors, end of the estates constitution, reorganization of the political administration and the courts (46  mixed district offices without separation of administration and judiciary, during this time also the establishment of the local parishes ).

  • New Year's Eve von Hammerer (from July 16, 1851, New Year's Eve Knight von Hammerer; 1791–1861) December 1, 1850 - November 30, 1854

District Head (1855 to 1861)

  • New Year's Eve Knight von Hammerer (1791–1861) December 1, 1854 - March 27, 1856
    • New Year's Knight von Hammerer, March 27, 1856 - August 1, 1856 in charge of office
  • Sebastian by Franz Xaver Aloys von Froschauer (1801–1884) August 1, 1856 - August 31, 1860
  • ruled from Tyrol September 1, 1860 - April 6, 1861

Governor of Tyrol and Vorarlberg, Governor of Vorarlberg (1861 to 1918)

In 1861 Vorarlberg became its own crown land with the February patent , but remained subordinate to the governor for Tyrol and Vorarlberg in Innsbruck in matters of the state. This country chief was the representative of the emperor as sovereign and the kk government in Vienna. The emperor (as ruler) appointed a member of the state parliament to the state governor with the function of chairman of the state parliament and chairman of the executive committee of the state parliament called the state committee . The first Vorarlberg Landtag elected (not yet by the whole people) was elected at the end of March 1861 and constituted in April.

In 1867 the Austrian Empire was converted into the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy after the equalization . This only played a role in regional history insofar as Vorarlberg now belonged to the state of Cisleithanien , the kingdoms and states represented in the Imperial Council, and from 1915 to the Austrian states .

Governor (Landeschef) of Tyrol and Vorarlberg (1861 to 1918)

See Governors, Lieutenants, Presidents of the Tyrolean Parliament

Governor of the Crown Land of Vorarlberg (1861 to 1918)

as the "second man" behind the governor

Governor of the State of Vorarlberg (1918 to 1940)

On October 30, 1918, the state of German Austria was founded as a republic. In connection with the peace treaty, he changed his name to the Republic of Austria on October 21, 1919 .

The state leadership and administration, which was divided in the monarchy, was abolished in Austria, which was organized federally from 1920 : The term governor in its current meaning has existed since November 10, 1920. The Austrian Federal Constitution gives the governor a special position: as chairman of the state parliament elected state government and formal head of the state within the federal constitution - and at the same time as a federal body, in the indirect federal administration responsible to the respective federal minister and therefore sworn in by the federal president . Accordingly, he is the most important representative of state power at the state level.

The republic was transformed into the federal state of Austria (the corporate state) in 1934 . The state regulations remained largely unaffected, but no democratic elections were held until 1945.

  • Otto Ender (1875–1960), November 3, 1918 - December 9, 1930
  • Ferdinand Redler (1876–1936), December 9, 1930 - July 14, 1931
  • Otto Ender (1875–1960), July 14, 1931 - July 24, 1934 (2nd term of office)
  • Ernst Winsauer (1890–1962), July 24, 1934 - March 23, 1938
  • Anton Plankensteiner (1890–1969), March 12, 1938 - February 1, 1940, first as provisional, from June 7, 1938, definitive governor

In December 1939 the provincial governing body was abolished and Vorarlberg was merged with Tyrol to form the Reichsgau Tirol-Vorarlberg . Plankensteiner remained district leader of Dornbirn .

High Commissioners of the Occupation Zone in Tyrol and Vorarlberg (1945 to 1955)

The High Commissioner of the Allied Control Commission for Austria was the military governor of the four occupation zones in occupied post-war Austria after 1945 .

High Commissioners of the French Occupation Zone in Tyrol and Vorarlberg (1945 to 1955)

In Tyrol and Vorarlberg this was the French commander in Austria and high commissioner until 1950 , then the high commissioner and ambassador (in Austria).

Governor of the Federal State of Vorarlberg, 2nd Republic (1945 to today)

Barbara Schöbi-Fink Karlheinz Rüdisser Markus Wallner Hans-Peter Bischof Dieter Egger Hubert Gorbach Hans-Peter Bischof Herbert Sausgruber Siegfried Gasser Rudolf Mandl Martin Müller (Politiker, 1915) Gerold Ratz Eduard Ulmer Ernst Kolb Martin Schreiber Markus Wallner Herbert Sausgruber Martin Purtscher Herbert Keßler (Politiker) Ulrich Ilg

literature

  • Joseph Bitschnau: Presentation of the stranger events of the last French wars ..., Bregenz, 1807. books.google

Information on the Bavarian administration

  • Andreas Buchner (Ed.): History during the reign of King Maximilian I from 1799-1825. Regensburg 1855 ca, p. 220 ff bavarica.digitale-sammlungen.de
  • Protocols of the Bavarian State Council 1799 to 1817 (ed. By the Historical Commission at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences), Volume 3: 1808–1810. Edit v. Esteban Maurer, Munich 2015, No. 76, pp. 768-778: Protocol of the Privy Council of December 27, 1810, PDF

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Johann Jacob Staffler: Tyrol and Vorarlberg. Volume 1 (Tyrol and Vorarlberg, statistical) , Verlag Rauch, 1839, Fifth Section, State Administration , Chapter District Offices. P. 460 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. ^ Vorarlberger Landesarchiv, Patente Akten, p. 53 pdf
  3. ^ Alois Niederstätter : Ignaz Anton von Indermauer 1759-1796. In: Vorarlberg Chronicle. State of Vorarlberg, 2005, accessed on April 27, 2019 .
  4. ↑ according to www.worldleadersindex.org
  5. ↑ mentioned 1802
  6. ↑ 1805
  7. ↑ dvr
  8. ↑ Royal. Bavarian Government Gazette 1808, occupation of the General District Commissariats from August 25, 1808, p. 1865 bavarica.digitale-sammlungen.de
  9. ^ Johann G. Eben: Attempt at a history of the city of Ravensburg from the beginning to ..., Volume 2. Ravensburg 1832 digitized p. 347.
  10. ↑ Royal. Bavarian Government Gazette 1808, occupation of the General District Commissariats from August 25, 1808, p. 1865 bavarica.digitale-sammlungen.de
  11. ↑ Deposed on February 20, 1813, see Karl Theodor von Heigel: Reisach: Karl August Reichsgraf von Reisach-Steinberg. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 53, Leipzig 1907, pp. 661-667 online version
  12. ^ In Genealogical Directory of the ruling Imperial House of Austria , 1817, p. 441; here Daubrawaik written ALEX ÖNB
  13. ↑ Schematism of the Province of Tyrol and Vorarlberg for the year 1819 , Innsbruck, Volume 1, pp. 170, 295, 346. Digitized
  14. ↑ Entry on Vorarlberg online.at
  15. ↑ according to information from www.worldstatesmen.org