Ludwig von Zehmen

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Ludwig von Zehmen

Ludwig Eduard Victor Freiherr von Zehmen (born February 1, 1812 in Wermsdorf , † October 24, 1892 in Stauchitz ) was a German manor owner and conservative politician. He was a member and president of the first chamber of the Saxon state parliament .

Live and act

Stauchitz manor around 1860

Ludwig von Zehmen comes from the old Saxon noble family Zehmen . After successfully completing his law studies at the Universities of Leipzig and Heidelberg , he traveled as part of his Grand Tour , together with his older brother Emil Ludwig, a. a. Switzerland, Italy, Holland, Belgium and France. On June 11, 1838, he took up a position as an assessor at the Dresden district directorate and in the same year married Countess Genovefa Louise von Mengersen at Zschepplin Victoire . In 1844 he inherited the Stauchitz manor, which was bound by entail. He continued his rise in the Saxon civil service in 1845 when he was appointed to the government council.

As deputy member of the manor owners of the Meissen district , he was a member of the second chamber of the Saxon state parliament from 1845 to 1847. As an elected representative of the same group, he took up a seat in the First Chamber in May 1848. There he represented the conservative interests of the ruling powers. He tried to curb the role of the emerging parties by demanding in the debate on political associations on October 6, 1848 that a government independent of the parties should stand against them, which would also incorporate the "opposing special interests [of the parties] into the whole" able to insert. For his state parliament mandate, he was released from service obligations. He did not belong to the following two state parliaments in 1849 and 1849/50, whose members were elected according to the liberal suffrage of November 15, 1848 .

In May 1849 he bought the manors Graupzig and Gödelitz from his father. This made him one of the highest income owners of manors in Saxony, so that King Friedrich August II appointed him a member of the first chamber after the restitution of the pre-March state parliament in July 1850. He then gave up his administrative career, which had meanwhile taken him to the Ministry of Culture and the Interior. In 1855 he was awarded the title of Chamberlain . In the state parliament he was chairman of the constitutional and legislative deputation and consultant for questions of constitutional law. He was also a member of the state parliament's committee for the administration of national debt . In 1862/1863 he turned down an appointment as Minister of State in Meiningen .

Zehmen was a co-founder of the Greater German Reform Association, which was established in 1862, and was a member of the committee. He was a member of the Reichstag of the North German Confederation as a member of the 7th Saxon constituency from 1867 to 1871. He was a member of the free-conservative parliamentary group and positioned himself as a supporter of federalism. Ludwig von Zehmen was an advocate of an independent Saxon sovereign state within the German Confederation . Since Prussia no longer wanted to resolve the German question by negotiation, but chose the path of military attack policy ( blood and iron ) and the stronger, one had to come to terms with the new circumstances. The constitutional status of the Kingdom of Saxony was secured through the Nikolsburg peace preliminaries , the conclusion of the military convention by Count Alfred von Fabrice and the signing of the Teplitz separate peace on October 24, 1866 by King John I. Other states such as the Kingdom of Hanover , the Electorate of Hesse , the Duchy of Nassau , the Free City of Frankfurt and Schleswig-Holstein were incorporated into Prussia. Zehmen advocated the adoption of the North German draft constitution, since Saxony was part of a federal state with certain constitutional rights. In Prussia there were also forces that advocated a unified Prussian state . Zehmen wanted to prevent this: "If Saxony was once reduced to a Prussian province, its independence was irretrievably lost." Incidentally, Saxony was still occupied by Prussian troops. On the other hand, he advocated a constructive policy that recognized the realities. He rejected a bitter and unsuccessful opposition to the Prussian government, as practiced by parts of the Hanoverian MPs. Due to his successful appearance in the Reichstag, he came under criticism from the National Liberals ( Quo usque tandem! ). His friends called him anima candida (lat.). In 1868 he took part in the deliberations of the German Customs Parliament as a member of parliament .

At the state parliament in 1871/72 he succeeded the deceased, also conservative chamber president Friedrich von Friesen . He then headed the Upper House of the Saxon State Parliament until April 25, 1890. Ludwig von Zehmen took part in the negotiations of the first Evangelical-Lutheran state synod in the Kingdom of Saxony in 1871 , brought various proposals, e. B. on the role of the church council and presided over the following years several times as regional synod president . Although he himself was a Protestant denomination, Zehmen moved in 1872 as a canon in the chapter of the Meissen bishopric, which was dominated by noble people . In 1879 he was also awarded the title of Provost of the Cathedral in Bautzen . In 1880, as chairman of the Meißner Kreis, he published the history of the creation of the Meißner Kreis-Casse. Tasks were e.g. B. Powers in taxation or the raising of war contributions. The tasks later changed and a certain part was spent on charitable purposes (support for communities, support for the blind and deaf-mute, orphan education, care for the sick and infirm, support for rescue houses and institutions for the upbringing of neglected children, support for disabled people, widows) . In 1886 he was appointed to the Real Privy Council , with which title the address was associated with Excellency. In 1891 he was finally raised to the status of baron by King Albert of Saxony .

family

His father was Carl Heinrich Ferdinand von Zehmen (1772–1849), councilor at the higher court in Leipzig. His mother was Caroline Friederike Sophie von Beeren (1782–1869). He had several siblings, including Emil Ludwig (1809-1840), the king's chamberlain. Ludwig Eduard Viktor von Zehmen was married to Victoire Genovieve Louise Countess von Mengersen (1818-1887), married on September 30, 1838. He had four children, including Herbert Georg Victor (1839-1862), who joined Austrian services Count Civilart Uhlan No. 1 in Italy, participated in the campaign and died of typhus in Brno in 1862; Maria (1855–1915), married to Siegmund Freiherr von Sebottendorf von der Rose, had been a star cross since 1891 ; Elisabeth (1847, died early) and Hans Hermann Alfred (1855–1900), married to Maria von Fröhlich-Feldau. The latter was appointed lieutenant in the 1st Uhlan Regiment in 1875, went in 1881 as an attaché to the legation to Rome and The Hague, in 1885 legation secretary in Tehran, assignment in London, farewell as Imperial Legation Councilor .

Fonts

He also wrote the libretto for the opera “Der Wald bei Hermannstadt” by his composer friend Wilhelm Westmeyer , who had spent several years as a guest at the Stauchitz manor.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of the members of the Saxon State Parliament 1845/46
  2. ^ Josef Matzerath: Aspects of the Saxon State Parliament History - Presidents and Members of Parliament from 1833 to 1952. Dresden 2001, p. 23
  3. ↑ List of the members of the Saxon State Parliament 1862
  4. ^ List of members of the first ordinary Reichstag of the North German Confederation
  5. ↑ Ludwig von Zehmen: Some explanations on the discussion of the draft constitution for the North German Confederation in the first Reichstag. Dedicated to my compatriots and first of all to my voters in the VII constituencies. Schönfeld's Buchhandlung (CA Werner), Dresden 1867. p. 8, cf. Pp. 4–7 / 9/35
  6. ↑ HM von Zehmen: Genealogical news about the Meißnian nobility of Zehmen, 1206 to 1906. Dresden, print by Wilhelm Baensch, 1906, p. 121
  7. ↑ HM von Zehmen: Genealogical news about the Meißnian nobility of Zehmen, 1206 to 1906. Dresden, print by Wilhelm Baensch, 1906, p. 121
  8. ^ List of members of the Customs Parliament
  9. ↑ List of the members of the Saxon State Parliament 1889/90
  10. ↑ Minutes of the meeting: Negotiations of the first Evangelical Lutheran regional synod in the Kingdom of Saxony. BG Teubner, Dresden 1871, cf. Pp. 182-192 and many other mentions
  11. ↑ Otto Guse: 140 Years of the Evangelical Lutheran Regional Synod of Saxony ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Address by the Synod President at the opening of the spring conference of the 26th Regional Synod, Dresden 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.evlks.de
  12. ↑ Ludwig von Zehmen: The emergence of the general Meissnische Kreis-Casse and the use of their income. Printed by Julius Reichel, Dresden 1880, 2nd edition 1887, pp. 4/7/10 / 13-20
  13. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Freiherrlichen Häuser, 42nd year, Justus Perthes Verlag, Gotha 1892, p. 1044

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Zehmen, Ludwig von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Zehmen, Ludwig Eduard Victor Freiherr von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German conservative politician, President of the Landtag in the Kingdom of Saxony and manor owner
DATE OF BIRTH February 1, 1812
PLACE OF BIRTH Wermsdorf
DATE OF DEATH October 24, 1892
Place of death Stauchitz