Luise Katharina von Rautter

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Luise Katharina von Rautter, after 1679 as Countess Truchseß zu Waldburg.

Luise Katharina von Rautter (born February 17, 1650 in Willkamm , Gerdauen district , East Prussia ; † June 4, 1703 in Rautenburg , Niederung district , East Prussia) was a Prussian landowner and hydraulic engineering entrepreneur.

Life

Luise Katharina von Rautter came from the East Prussian noble family Rautter ; her parents were chamberlain Ludwig von Rautter (1623-1665), landlord on Willkamm, Blandau and Groß Sobrost , and Amalie von Podewils . Luise Katharina was the eldest daughter of nine children of the parents who had been married since 1645. Her oldest brother was Wilhelm Albrecht von Rautter , elector colonel and governor in Prussian Holland .

In 1669, at the age of 19, she married the Brandenburg general quartermaster of the Prussian armies and governor of Biegen Philippe de la Chièze , who had been commissioned by the Great Elector to undertake improvements in East Prussia . In 1671 it was contractually agreed that Chièze should build a connecting canal between the Gilgestrom and the Deime , mainly to shorten the route for merchant ships from Königsberg to Poland and Russia . When Chièze died in 1673, she continued the work he had started as a widow; from it emerged the goods of the later county of Rautenburg ( Majorat since 1786, county since 1787), which were the largest in the Niederung district. The name Rautenburg , derived from the family name Rautter or Rauter , was chosen by Chièze for the castle he built on the right bank of the Gilge in honor of his wife. There he also built the Lappienen church , which his widow continued to furnish after his death in 1679. In the same year Katharina Luise von Rautter, widowed de la Chièze, married the military of the fortress Pillau General Wolf Christoph Erbtruchseß Graf zu Waldburg (1643–1688).

County of Rautenburg and the location of Rautenburg Castle on the right side of the Gilge in the East Prussian district of Niederung (district boundaries until 1920 in red, today's Lithuanian-Russian border in yellow. This demarcation also corresponds to the northern district boundary after the separation of the Memelland in 1920.)

After a few unsuccessful attempts, the project of the connecting sewer had progressed so far that, under the supervision of site manager Johann Stawinski, it was possible to complete a narrow test trench between Gilge and Deime. Katharina Truchseß zu Waldburg took this partial success as an opportunity, on June 4, 1689 with Elector Friedrich III. to conclude a contract in which she undertook to provide a navigable connection channel between Deime and Gilge at her own expense in the event of certain consideration by the Prussian state. On June 11, 1689, construction of the canal began under Stavinski's supervision. After a construction period of eight years, the canal system, called Friedrichsgraben , was completed. Katharina Truchseß zu Waldburg was given the right to levy canal tariffs. In 1710 the new waterway was nationalized.

children

From the first marriage there were two daughters and a son:

  • Amalia Dorothea de Chiese , the eldest daughter married the governor Gebhard Johann von Keyserling (1699–1761) from Courland ; on April 25, 1744, Frederick the Great raised him to the rank of Count of Prussia. This connection established the Keyserling-Rautenburg line, to which the Rautenburg property later came.
  • Henriette Maria de Chiese married the royal Prussian tribunal counselor von Schöneich , landlord on Karnitte .
  • Friedrich Wilhelm de Chiese , squire to Capustigall (now Nikolaevka (Kaliningrad) ) Seepothen and Glauthienen was royal Prussian Tribunalsrat. His son, the grandson Karl Ludwig de Chiese († 1750), landlord of the same property, was the last descendant of this name in Prussia.

The children came from the connection with Wolf Christoph Erbtruchseß Graf zu Waldburg:

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Christian Friedrich Reusch : News about Countess Luise Katharine Truchseß zu Waldburg, connected with the history of the canals that form the waterways from the Memel into the Pregel. With a portrait of Countess Truchseß zu Waldburg and a map of the canals . In: Contributions to the customer of Prussia . Volume 4, Königsberg 1821, pp. 249-293.
  2. ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New German Adels Lexicon . Volume 5, Leipzig 1864, p. 88.
  3. ↑ Johann Christian Wutzke : Remarks on the origin and present condition of the Great and Small Friedrichsgraben, and the navigability of the Deime River, as part of the great trade waterway from Königsberg to Poland and Russia . In: Prussian provincial sheets . Volume 6, Koenigsberg 1831, pp. 549-561 ; Volume 7, Königsberg 1832, pp. 24-49 and pp. 236-245.
  4. ↑ Ulrich Siegele : Johann Sebastian Bach composes time. Tempo and duration in his music . Volume 1: Foundation and Goldberg Variants . Tredition, Hamburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7323-0227-7 , p. 332.
  5. ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : German count houses of the present. In heraldic, historical and genealogical relation . Leipzig 1852, p. 427.
  6. ↑ Karl Heinrich Ludwig Pölitz : The European constitutions since 1789 up to the most recent time. With historical explanations and introductions . 2nd edition, Volume 4, Part 1, Leipzig 1847, pp. 26-27.
  7. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogical Pocket Book of the Count's Houses . Volume 47, Gotha 1874, p. 418 ff.
personal data
SURNAME Rautter, Luise Katharina von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian entrepreneur and large landowner
DATE OF BIRTH February 17, 1650
PLACE OF BIRTH Willkamm , Gerdauen district , East Prussia
DATE OF DEATH June 4, 1703
Place of death Rautenburg , Niederung district , East Prussia