Mühlebach VS

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VS is the abbreviation for the canton of Valais in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries of the name Mühlebachf .
Mühlebach
Mühlebach coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of ValaisCanton of Valais Valais (VS)
District : Gomsw
Municipal municipality : Appointi2
Postal code : 3995
former BFS no. : 6062
Coordinates : 655 297  /  139 916 coordinates: 46 ° 24 '30 "  N , 8 ° 9' 28"  O ; CH1903:  655297  /  one hundred thirty-nine thousand nine hundred sixteen
Height : 1248  m above sea level M.
Area : 9.8  km²
Residents: 77 (December 31, 2002)
Population density : 8 inhabitants per km²
Village with chapel

Village with chapel

map
Mühlebach VS (Switzerland)
Mühlebach VS
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Parish before the merger on October 1, 2004
Suspension bridge between Mühlebach and Fürgangen
Chapel of the Holy Family

Mühlebach ( Valais German Milibach [ˈmilɪˌbɑχ (ː)] ) is a village in the Valais municipality of Ernen . Until the spring of 2005, Mühlebach formed an independent municipality .

Mühlebach is in the immediate vicinity of Ernen. The core of the village has been able to retain its character and is well preserved. It is the oldest wooden village in Switzerland.

history

Mühlebach was first mentioned in 1215 in the phrase Waltero de Mulibach . The name "Mühlebach" originally referred to the body of water on which mills were located and was transferred to the village as a secondary issue.

The von Mühlenbach family owned a residential tower there, which earned them the addition to their name. It was associated with the Manegoldi family of knights in Naters. The Manegoldi were ministerials to the Bishop of Sitten and certainly owned considerable property in the area around their ancestral seat. From the year 1221 an episcopal property in Mühlebach is guaranteed. The village provided the governor several times in the 16th century, Peter Zlauwinen at the beginning of the 16th century, Martin Clausen in the middle and Matthäus Schiner (nephew of Cardinal Matthäus Schiner ) at the end of the 16th and beginning of the 17th century .

The earliest known municipal statutes date from 1530. In addition, an ordinance of the three municipalities of Ernen, Niederernen and Mühlebach from 1469 is known. The ownership of the common mountain was also regulated under the three towns and stone house in 1718. This indicates that the left bank communities of the Untergomses belonged together.

Ecclesiastically, the village always belonged to Ernen. Politically, Mühlebach merged in the spring of 2005 with the former municipalities of Ernen, Steinhaus and Ausserbinn to form the new municipal municipality of Ernen.

population

Population development
year 1850 1900 1950 2000 2002
Residents 109 108 84 81 77

Attractions

  • Chapel of the Holy Family, baroque building from 1676, high altar from 1680
  • The oldest compact village center in wood construction in Switzerland: The oldest residential buildings, the so-called Heidenhäuser with their characteristic ridge posts (Heidenkreuz) and the beam head chimney , date from the 14th and 15th centuries. A total of twelve buildings in the village center could be dendrochronologically dated between 1381 and 1497 .

Abandoned building

The wayside shrine of St. James the Elder was mentioned as early as 1664. The number on the lock of the lattice showed the year 1710. The wayside shrine was removed in 1974 after the theft had been prevented the year before. It was a private chapel, which stands east of the village at the crossroads from Mühlebach to Ernen. The building still exists today, but most of its decoration has been stripped of it. The rescued altar is kept in the Mühlebach chapel. The altar is assigned to the Bodemer-Sigristen circle and was most likely created by Moritz Bodmer.

The chapel of St. Niklaus stood until 1956 under the desertification of the medieval castle "uff em Schloss". The "Pietà von Müllebach" was housed in the private chapel and is now in the rectory of Ernen. In place of the chapel there was a wayside shrine in the shape of an open, circular pavilion from 1956 to 1968. The architect was Amandée Cachin von Brig, and the statue of Anthony was by Hans Loretan .

Suspension bridge

Since June 2015 a 280 m long and 1.4 m wide pedestrian suspension bridge has connected Mühlebach with Fürgangen . It crosses the Lammaschlucht 92 meters above the wild Rhone. The "Goms Bridge" suspension bridge, which is open all year round, consists of 3 strong suspension ropes to which the cross members are attached at a distance of 2 meters. In Mühlebach, the ropes for anchoring were led into a concrete foundation of 169 tons with ground anchors and an anchor force of 554 tons. In Fürgangen, the anchoring consists of two concrete slabs on a flat foundation of 253 tons with rock anchors and an anchor force of 570 tons. The dead weight of the bridge is 57 tons. The path through the Lamma Gorge has been used extensively for centuries. The connection over the Rhone was also popular as a hiking trail. The maintenance of the path was difficult; because on the steep terrain there were always landslides. So the idea arose to replace the path with a suspension bridge. After several years of planning and execution, the building was opened on June 14, 2015. The suspension bridge connects the two hiking areas of Bellwald and Ernen . It brings Bellwald the connection to the Swiss Veloroute No. 1 (Rhone route from Gletsch to Lake Geneva). Ernen-Mühlebach, the bridge brings the direct connection to the Matterhorn-Gotthard-Bahn .

Personalities

  • Nikolaus Schiner (around 1437–1510), Bishop of Sitten (1496–1499).
  • Matthäus Schiner (around 1465–1522), nephew of Nicholas, Bishop of Sitten (1499–1522), cardinal (1511).
  • Moritz Bodmer (1618 – around 1711) and Johann Joseph Bodmer (1670–1743), sculptors
  • Franz Joseph Bodmer (1711–1758), provost of the Canons of the Great St. Bernhard (1753–1758)
  • György Sebők (1922–1999), Hungarian pianist and piano teacher; the remains of Sebők and his wife Eva are scattered in front of the chapel of the Holy Family.
  • Patrizia Kummer (* 1987) professional snowboarder.

literature

  • Robert Walpen: Mühlebach. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 2017 .
  • Walter Ruppen: Untergoms . In: Society for Swiss Art History (Ed.): Art Monuments of Switzerland . tape 67 . Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel 1979, ISBN 3-7643-1080-4 , p. 120-138 .
  • Roland Flückiger-Seiler and Benno Mutter: Ernen and surroundings . In: Schweizerische Kunstführer GSK, Volume 581/582, Bern 1995, ISBN 3-85782-581-2 .
  • Roland Flückiger-Seiler, Paul Niggeli, Martin Schmidhalter: Mühlebach. A tour of the historic village. The village with the oldest compact wooden village center in Switzerland . Published by: Mühlebach municipality, second edition 2009.

Web links

Commons : Mühlebach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b Lexicon of Swiss municipality names . Edited by the Center de Dialectologie at the University of Neuchâtel under the direction of Andres Kristol. Frauenfeld / Lausanne 2005, p. 623.
  2. S. Noti: The nobles and knights of the Untergoms in the 13th century. In: Walliser Bote 128 (1958), No. 245.
  3. 280 meter long suspension bridge in Goms on www.1815.ch
  4. Flyer on the Fürgangen-Mühlebach suspension bridge at www.landschaftspark-binntal.ch
  5. In both cases there are contradicting information in the church registers (or about the same name) or only entries whose information does not correctly match the curriculum vitae.