macOS Sierra

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
macOS Sierra
MacOS Sierra wordmark.svg
developer Apple Inc.
License (s) EULA ; APSL , BSD , GPL , among others
First publ. 20th September 2016
Current  version 12/10/6 from July 9, 2018
(2 years and 53 days ago)
Basic system Darwin
Kernel XNU ( hybrid kernel )
ancestry Unix → BSD
↳ NeXTStep / OPENSTEP
↳ Rhapsody
↳ macOS
Mac OS Classic
↳ Mac OS X (macOS) 10.0+
Architecture (s) x64
timeline 10.11 ← 10.12 → 10.13
compatibility UNIX 03 ( POSIX etc.), FreeBSD
Languages) multilingual ( details ),
u. a. German
apple.com

Sierra , completely macOS Sierra 12.10 , is the thirteenth major release of macOS , the desktop operating system from Apple , and the successor to OS X El Capitan 10.11 . It was released on September 20, 2016 and made available as a free update from the Mac App Store . Previously, it was announced on June 13, 2016 as part of WWDC 2016 and made available to developers as a pre-release version shortly afterwards .

The most important new features are the Siri virtual assistant , a new photos app and a revised iMessage client. There are also many adjustments such as unlocking a Mac using the Apple Watch , optimizing storage space through iCloud and tabs in various programs. Later, with the update 10.12.4, macOS recovery was added, which stores an emergency operating system in the firmware (including hard drive repair and Internet reinstallation without a DVD drive).

Due to the hardware, the support for many older devices that had been supported since OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion is no longer available ; including all MacBooks and iMacs released before Fall 2009. MacBook Air , MacBook Pro , Mac Pro, and Mac mini are only supported in model year 2010 and later.

Sierra is named after the Sierra Nevada mountain range in California . In addition, with this main version, the operating system line was renamed again, from “OS X” to “macOS”, and thus aligned with the iOS , watchOS , tvOS and audioOS systems. The name is so similar to the back classic Mac OS operating system line as from Mac OS 7.6 was used. The current operating system line was originally introduced as “Mac OS X”, but in 2012 it was renamed “OS X”, which led to speculation about the future of the Mac .

The successor macOS High Sierra was released on September 25, 2017 .

Innovations (selection)

Siri

Siri is available in Sierra; Results from Siri can be dragged and dropped into other applications . Siri can be called up in the dock , in the menu bar or via a key combination .

photos

A face recognition was in the Photos app implemented. In addition, the Photos app can now create groups of similar images along with faces, locations, object recognitions, and more to create “memories”. Reminders contain slide shows with transitions and music that are automatically created according to user preferences.

Automatic unlock

Sierra can be unlocked by physical proximity with an Apple Watch in conjunction with an iPhone . Entering a password is no longer necessary. Apple emphasized the security of this function in its keynote . Lately, you can also unlock using a fingerprint sensor called Touch ID in the Touch Bar of a MacBook Pro .

Apple Pay

With Apple Pay , Sierra enables online payments in Safari for the first time . Each transaction must be confirmed using an iPhone, the Touch Bar or an Apple Watch. This function is only available in certain countries.

Tabs

What has long been common with browsers such as Safari is being introduced system-wide with Sierra: Applications that previously managed several windows will in future support several tabs in one window without the need to adapt the applications (including those from third parties).

iCloud

With iCloud Drive , documents and desktop folders can be synchronized with the cloud . Sierra also makes it possible to move files that are no longer required to the iCloud in order to save storage space on the computer. In addition to iCloud storage, Sierra also includes a tool to automatically remove temporary or old files.

Picture-in-picture video

Sierra introduces a system-wide picture-in-picture feature. This makes it possible to display videos in a small, movable window, whereby a video can be displayed without leaving the program interface. In addition, the video can be positioned anywhere on the screen by pressing the Command button.

Gatekeeper

The Gatekeeper does not have the “No restrictions” option in the system settings for running downloaded apps that are not part of the system. In order to be able to install apps that were not obtained from the Mac App Store or that are not signed, this must be confirmed when the program is started for the first time.

64-bit APFS file system

With macOS Sierra, Apple File System (APFS) introduces a new, modern file system that is optimized for SSD drives and large amounts of files. The 64-bit file system is to be introduced gradually and, in the medium to long term , will replace the current HFS + file system , which originated in the 1980s. APFS offers contemporary features and functions such as snapshots , clones , native encryption and sparse files . APFS was still in beta testing when macOS Sierra was introduced and was only available to developers. The completion and transition to the new file system for users took place in the summer of 2017. The new file system is backward compatible with HFS +, except for minor differences, including upper / lower case and Unicode normalization.

publication

Sierra was released on September 20, 2016 and was released for free download from the Mac App Store . The first beta version for participants in Apple's developer program was available on June 13, 2016, after seven other beta versions, the Gold Master was released on September 7th .

System requirements

The official system requirements are as follows:

model series General
minimum requirement		 for Handoff, Instant Hotspot,
General Clipboard,
Apple Pay, Metal,
AirDrop to iOS		 automatic unlocking
(Apple Watch)		 AirDrop between Macs 1 AirPlay PowerNap
iMac from the end of 2009 from 2012 from 2013 from the beginning of 2009 from mid-2011 from the end of 2012
MacBook from the end of 2009 from 2015 from 2015 from the end of 2008 Alu from 2015 from 2015
MacBook Air from the end of 2010 from 2012 from 2013 from the end of 2010 from mid-2011 from the end of 2010
MacBook Pro from mid-2010 from 2012 from 2013 from the end of 2008 from the beginning of 2011 from mid-2012 (Retina)
Mac mini from mid-2010 from 2012 from 2013 from mid-2010 from mid-2011 from the end of 2012
Mac Pro from mid-2010 from 2013 from 2013 from the beginning of 2009 (with airport) from 2013 from 2013

1 The date refers to the remote Mac that may have an older version of OS X installed.

Support for the Xserve , which was discontinued in 2011, has been discontinued.

2 GB of RAM and 8.8 GB of free space on the hard drive are required. At least OS X 10.7.5 is required for an update. OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard users have to take an intermediate step and upgrade to OS X 10.11 El Capitan, OS X 10.5 Leopard users must first buy OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard for 19.99 euros or 20 Swiss francs and install it .

history

macOS version -Build Darwin version Publication date annotation
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12 Beta 1 16A201w 16.0.0 June 13, 2016 First published developer preview (Developer Preview 1)
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12 Beta 2 16A239j 16.0.0 5th july 2016 Second published developer preview (Developer Preview 2)
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12 Beta 3 16A254g 16.0.0 18th July 2016 Third published developer preview (Developer Preview 3)
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12 Beta 4 16A270f 16.0.0 August 1, 2016 Fourth published Developer Preview 4
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12 Beta 5 16A286a 16.0.0 August 9, 2016 Fifth published Developer Preview 5
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12 Beta 6 16A294a 16.0.0 16th August 2016 Sixth published Developer Preview 6
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12 Beta 7 16A304a 16.0.0 22nd August 2016 Seventh published Developer Preview 7
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12 Beta 8 16A313a 16.0.0 29th August 2016 Eighth Published Developer Preview 8
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12 GM 16A319 16.0.0 September 7, 2016 Golden Master
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12 16A323 16.0.0 20th September 2016 First published version
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12.1 16B2657 16.1.0 October 24, 2016 Bug fixes, security updates, compatibility improvements of Microsoft Office with iCloud, Safari 10.0.1
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12.2 16C68 16.3.0 December 14, 2016 Bug fixes, security updates, new emojis, Safari 10.0.2
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12.3 16D32 16.4.0 23rd January 2017 Bug fixes, security updates, Safari 10.0.3
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12.4 16E195 16.5.0 March 27, 2017 Bug fixes, security updates, Night Shift, Safari 10.1, and macOS recovery.
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12.5 16F2073 16.6.0 15th May 2017 Bug fixes, security updates, Safari 10.1.1
Older version; no longer supported: 10.12.6 16G29 16.7.0 19th July 2017 Bug fixes, security updates, Safari 10.1.2
16G1036 October 31, 2017 Security update 2017-001 Sierra
16G1114 December 6, 2017 Security update 2017-002 Sierra
16G1212 23rd January 2018 Security update 2018-001 Sierra
16G1314 29th March 2018 Security update 2018-002 Sierra
16G1408 June 1, 2018 Security update 2018-003 Sierra
16G1510 July 9, 2018 Security update 2018-004 Sierra
16G1618 October 30, 2018 Security update 2018-005 Sierra
16G1710 5th December 2018 Security update 2018-006 Sierra
16G1815 22nd January 2019 Security update 2019-001 Sierra
16G1917 March 25, 2019 Security update 2019-002 Sierra
16G1918 29th March 2019 Security update 2019-002 Sierra, updated build
16G2016 May 14, 2019 Security update 2019-003 Sierra
16G2128 29th July 2019 Security update 2019-004 Sierra
16G2136 26th September 2019 Security update 2019-005 Sierra
Legend:
Old version
Older version; still supported
Current version
Current preliminary version
Future version

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ macOS Sierra 10.12.4: Recovery Mode via the Internet can now install the current version. In: macerkopf.de. March 17, 2017, accessed December 28, 2019 .
  2. ↑ MacOS Sierra: The X is gone, Siri is here - Golem.de. In: www.golem.de. Retrieved June 14, 2016 .
  3. ^ Watch the Apple WWDC Special Event. In: Apple. Retrieved June 14, 2016 (American English).
  4. ↑ Leo Becker: macOS 10.12: App downloads only with restrictions. In: Mac & i. June 15, 2016, accessed June 18, 2016 .
  5. ↑ Apple developer documentation: [1]
  6. ↑ Apple: hardware requirements
  7. ↑ Apple: Update to macOS Sierra.
  8. ↑ Apple Store Switzerland: Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard
  9. ↑ Apple Store Germany: Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard
  10. ↑ About the security content of macOS Sierra 10.12. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., September 20, 2016, accessed September 21, 2016 .
  11. ↑ Information about 10.12.1 at Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., October 11, 2016, accessed October 25, 2016 .
  12. ↑ Information about 10.12.2 at Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., December 13, 2016, accessed December 13, 2016 .
  13. ↑ Information about 10.12.3 at Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., January 23, 2017, accessed January 23, 2017 .
  14. ↑ Information about 10.12.4 at Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., March 27, 2017, accessed March 30, 2017 .
  15. ↑ macOS Sierra 10.12.4: Recovery Mode via the Internet can now install the current version. In: macerkopf.de. March 17, 2017, accessed December 28, 2019 .
  16. ↑ Information about 10.12.5 at Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., May 15, 2017, accessed May 15, 2017 .
  17. ↑ Information about 10.12.6 at Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., July 19, 2017, accessed July 19, 2017 .
  18. ↑ Information about security update 2017-001 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., January 18, 2018, accessed January 26, 2018 .
  19. ↑ Information about the security update 2017-002 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., January 22, 2018, accessed January 26, 2018 .
  20. ↑ Information about the security update 2018-001 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., January 23, 2018, accessed January 26, 2018 .
  21. ↑ Information about the security update 2018-002 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., March 29, 2018, accessed March 30, 2018 .
  22. ↑ Information about the security update 2018-003 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., June 1, 2018, accessed June 5, 2018 .
  23. ↑ Information about the security update 2018-004 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., July 12, 2018, accessed July 17, 2018 .
  24. ↑ Information about the security update 2018-005 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., November 2, 2018, accessed February 8, 2019 .
  25. ↑ Information about the security update 2018-006 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., December 12, 2018, accessed February 8, 2019 .
  26. ↑ Information about security update 2019-001 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., January 25, 2019, accessed February 8, 2019 .
  27. ↑ Information about security update 2019-002 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., April 15, 2019, accessed May 13, 2019 .
  28. ↑ Information about security update 2019-002 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., April 2, 2019, accessed May 13, 2019 .
  29. ↑ Information about security update 2019-003 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., August 29, 2019, accessed August 29, 2019 .
  30. ↑ Information about security update 2019-004 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., August 15, 2019, accessed August 29, 2019 .
  31. ↑ Information about security update 2019-005 Sierra from Apple. In: support.apple.com. Apple Inc., October 1, 2019, accessed October 12, 2019 .
macOS and its evolution
Mac OS "Classic" 

Macintosh System Software (up to 5.1)  ·  System 6  ·  System 7 ,  Mac OS 7.6 ·  Mac OS 8  ·  Mac OS 9

NeXTSTEP /
OPENSTEP  ↳ Rhapsody
 

NeXTStep / NeXTSTEP / NEXTSTEP (up to 3.3)  ·  OPENSTEP (4.0–4.2)  ·  Rhapsody 1.0 (internal 5.0–5.2)  ·  Mac OS X Server 1.x (internal 5.3–5.6)

↳   Mac OS X /
OS X / macOS  
based on Darwin 

Mac OS X   Public Beta (“Kodiak”)  ·  Mac OS X 10.0 (“Cheetah”)  ·  10.1 (“Puma”)  ·  10.2 (“Jaguar”)  ·  Panther (10.3)  ·  Tiger (10.4)  ·  Leopard (10.5)  ·  Snow Leopard (10.6)  ·  Lion (10.7)  ·  OS X Mountain Lion (10.8)  ·  Mavericks (10.9)  ·  Yosemite (10.10)  ·  El Capitan (10.11)  ·  macOS Sierra (10/12)  ·  high Sierra (10/13)  ·  Mojave (10:14 )  ·  Catalina (15/10)  ·  Big Sur (11.0)     Up to version 10.6 there was Mac OS X Server .

macOS derivatives 

iOS (2007)  ·  TVOS (2007)  ·  watchOS (2015)  ·  audioOS (2018)  ·  iPadOS (2019)

Other historical Mac operating system projects from Apple
marketed: A / UX , MAE , MkLinux ; discarded: Star Trek , Taligent , Copland ;