Maisières-Interstadial

Glacial / interglacial	Stadiale / Interstadiale	Period (BC)
Vistula late glacial
	Younger dryas period	10,730-9,700
	Alleröd Interstadial	11,400-10,730
	Older dryas period	11,590-11,400
	Bölling-Interstadial	11,720-11,590
	Oldest dryas period	11,850-11,720
	Meiendorf-Interstadial	12,500-11,850
Vistula high glacial
	Mecklenburg phase	15,000-13,000
	Pomeranian phase	18,200-15,000
	Lascaux-Interstadial	19,000-18,200
	Laugerie-Interstadial	21,500-20,000
	Frankfurt phase	22,000-20,000
	Brandenburg phase	24,000-22,000
	Tursac Interstadial	27,000-25,500
	Maisières-Interstadial	30,500-29,500
	Denekamp-Interstadial	34,000-30,500
	Huneborg Stadium	39,400-34,000
	Hengelo Interstadial	41,300-39,400
	Moershoofd Interstadial	48,700
	Glinde Interstadial	51,500
	Ebersdorf Stadium	53,500
	Oerel-Interstadial	57,700
Vistula early glacial
	Schalkholz Stadium	60,000
	Odderade Interstadial	74,000
	Rederstall-Stadial	?
	Brörup-Interstadial	?
	Amersfoort-Interstadial	?
	Herning Stadium	115,000
Eem warm period
Eem warm period		126,000

The Maisières-Interstadial is a warm phase of the Vistula high glacial . It dates from 30,500 to 29,500 BC. Chr.

designation

The Maisières-Interstadial, French oscillation de Maisières , called Maisièrien in archeology , is named after the eponymous archaeological site Maisières-Canal near Mons in Belgium . The site is on the Canal du Center between the municipalities of Maisières and Obourg . Previously, the Interstadial was also known as the Kesselt Interstadial in specialist literature. Maisièrien was introduced in 1980 by JB Campbell.

Stratigraphy and Correlation

The Maisières-Interstadial in the period 20 to 40 ka BP

The Maisières-Interstadial follows on from the previous Denekamp-Interstadial . This is followed by the cold setback of the Heinrich event H3 and then the Tursac Interstadial . It forms part of the marine isotope stage MIS 3 and correlates with the Dansgaard-Oeschger event DO5 . or with the Greenland Interstadial GI-5 . The end of the Maisières interstadial marks the beginning of the pleniglacial palynologically (ice build-up phase of the last ice age maximum ). It correlates in the pollen profile of La Grande Pile in the Vosges with the level Grand Bois C and in the profile of Tenaghi-Philippon in Macedonia with the level Krinides 2 .

Dating

With the help of the δ ¹⁸ O values of the Greenland ice core GISP 2, the Maisières Interstadial can be traced back to a period of around 30,500 to 29,500 years BC. Assign. The Heinrich event H3 begins at 28,000 BC. A. In the intervening period 29,500 to 28,000 BC. A subordinate heat anomaly ( Bayacia ) follows , which may still be part of the Maisières interstadial. The humus-rich find layer at the type locality was dated with 27,965 ± 265 radiocarbon years BP , this corresponds to, calibrated (with CalPal) 30528 ± 340 years BC. Chr .; Reindeer bones gave 28,130 + 1020 / - 900 (30,821 BC) and mammoth bones 28,340 ± 300 radiocarbon years BP (30,821 ± 407 BC).

Laville (1988) gave a somewhat older time span with 27,800 to 29,000 radiocarbon years (30,375 to 31,562 BC) and Wolfgang Weißmüller gave 28,600 to 29,300 radiocarbon years (31,087 to 31,776 BC).

characterization

The Maisières interstadial is a very clear heat anomaly. Their δ ¹⁸ O values fluctuate by 5.5 ‰ (between - 43 and - 37.5 ‰). This corresponds to an increase in average temperatures of 6 ° C and in the Greenland ice according to GISP 2 of 12.5 ° C. The subsequent subordinate heat anomaly only brought an increase of just under 2 ° C or 4 ° C in Greenland for comparison.

fauna

Remains of the following taxa were found at the type locality:

Among the small mammals were found

as well as the birds

vegetation

The rapid increase in temperature and precipitation in the Maisières Interstadial caused birch , hazel and oak to spread over the sparse, stadial coniferous forest with predominantly pine and juniper . The Artemisia steppe with foxtail family (Chenopodiaceae), sun rose (Helianthemum) and meadow rue (Thalictrum) increasingly gave way to grasslands ( grasses , sour grasses (Cyperaceae) and buttercups (subg. Batrachium)), which were dominated by sweet grasses (Poaceae). Spawning herbs (Potamogeton) and hedgehog cob (Sparganium) spread at water locations .

Cultural development

The Maisières Interstadial began from 28,000 radiocarbon years BP or 30,524 BC. The Gravettien with its early forms, the Maisièrien and the Pavlovien . At the same time the Aurignacien came to an end with the stages Aurignacien 4a and Aurignacien 4b .

The Maisièrien is characterized above all by the Maisières tips , which are similar to the Font Robert tips . Other typical tools are drills with a diamond-shaped cross-section (French: burin dièdre ) and handle blades (English. Tanged points ). In general, handled tools and flat retouching (French: retouche plate ) are common.

In addition to the Belgian type locality, the Maisièrien was found in several caves in the Swabian Jura such as the Geißenklösterle , the Hohle Fels and the Vogelherd cave , as well as the Weinberghöhlen bei Mauern in Bavaria . In Moravia , Dolní Věstonice should be mentioned, in France the Abri Pataud near Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil , Le Sire near Mirefleurs and possibly La Vigne Brun near Roanne . In central and southern Siberia , Anui-2 , Kamenka 1 , Mogochinskaya , Tolbaga and Ust-Kova 1 fall within the Maisièri period, and in European Russia it may be Sungir .

Individual evidence

↑ Thomas Litt, Achim Brauer , Tomasz Goslar, Josef Merkt, Krystyna Bałaga, Helmut Müller, Magdalena Ralska-Jasiewiczowa, Martina Stebich, Jörg FW Negendank: Correlation and synchronization of Lateglacial continental sequences in northern central Europe based on annually laminated lacustrine sediments. In: Quarternary Science Reviews. vol. 20, No. 11, May 2001, pp. 1233-1249.
↑ For the sake of standardization, the age data for the climatic stages of the Vistula Late Glacial were converted to v. With the dendrochronological and warven chronological data, the reference point is the year 1950, ie 1950 years have to be subtracted to get BC. Chr. Indications to receive. The ice core data, on the other hand, relate to the reference year 2000. The age information from the Vistula high glacial is the approximate start of the corresponding time interval vh
^ JB Campbell: The problem of the subdivisions du Paléolithique supérieur britannique dans son cadre européen . In: Bulletin de la Société royale belge d'Anthropologie et de Préhistoire . tape 91 , 1980, pp. 39-77 .
↑ Rebecca Miller, Paul Haesaerts, Marcel Otte: L'atelier de taille aurignacien de Maisières-Canal (Belgique) (= Etudes et recherches archéologiques de l'Université de Liège [ERAUL] . No. 110 ). Liège 2004, OCLC 155933456 , p. 27-28 .
^ H. Laville: Recent Developements on the Chronostratigraphy of the Paleolithic in the Périgord . In: HL Dibble, A. Montet-White: Upper Pleistocene Prehistory of Western Eurasia (Ed.): University Monograph . tape 54 , 1988, pp. 147-160 .
↑ D. Pasesse, D. Flas: The Maisierian, at the edge of the Gravettian . In: Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society . tape 78 , 2011, p. 95-109 .
↑ P. Dolukhanov: Hunter-gatherers of the Last Ice Age in northern Eurasia: recent research and old problems . In: Before Farming . tape 2 , no. 2003/2 , p. 1-25 .

[1] Thomas Litt, Achim Brauer , Tomasz Goslar, Josef Merkt, Krystyna Bałaga, Helmut Müller, Magdalena Ralska-Jasiewiczowa, Martina Stebich, Jörg FW Negendank: Correlation and synchronization of Lateglacial continental sequences in northern central Europe based on annually laminated lacustrine sediments. In: Quarternary Science Reviews. vol. 20, No. 11, May 2001, pp. 1233-1249.

[2] For the sake of standardization, the age data for the climatic stages of the Vistula Late Glacial were converted to v. With the dendrochronological and warven chronological data, the reference point is the year 1950, ie 1950 years have to be subtracted to get BC. Chr. Indications to receive. The ice core data, on the other hand, relate to the reference year 2000. The age information from the Vistula high glacial is the approximate start of the corresponding time interval vh

[3] JB Campbell: The problem of the subdivisions du Paléolithique supérieur britannique dans son cadre européen . In: Bulletin de la Société royale belge d'Anthropologie et de Préhistoire . tape 91 , 1980, pp. 39-77 .

[4] Rebecca Miller, Paul Haesaerts, Marcel Otte: L'atelier de taille aurignacien de Maisières-Canal (Belgique) (= Etudes et recherches archéologiques de l'Université de Liège [ERAUL] . No. 110 ). Liège 2004, OCLC 155933456 , p. 27-28 .

[5] H. Laville: Recent Developements on the Chronostratigraphy of the Paleolithic in the Périgord . In: HL Dibble, A. Montet-White: Upper Pleistocene Prehistory of Western Eurasia (Ed.): University Monograph . tape 54 , 1988, pp. 147-160 .

[6] D. Pasesse, D. Flas: The Maisierian, at the edge of the Gravettian . In: Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society . tape 78 , 2011, p. 95-109 .

[7] P. Dolukhanov: Hunter-gatherers of the Last Ice Age in northern Eurasia: recent research and old problems . In: Before Farming . tape 2 , no. 2003/2 , p. 1-25 .