Margraviate of Turin
The Margraviate of Turin (Italian: Marca di Torino ) was a political unit in northern Italy from the middle of the 10th century. Other names for this area are: Marca Arduinica after the first Marquis Arduin Glaber, Count of Auriate . It comprised the area between Turin in the north, the western Alps , and Albenga and Ventimiglia in the south. Turin and Albenga are considered the centers of the market.
history
In 950 Berengar became king of Italy from Ivrea . At the beginning of the following year, he completed the reorganization of the military structures south of the Po , which his predecessor Hugo I had started with the aim of being better equipped against attacks by the Saracens from the sea. He created three new territories for which he appointed margraves with loyal followers from the very beginning:
- The Marca Liguria Orientale (Eastern Liguria), which he gave to Oberto von Luni , the progenitor of the Lombard Obertenghi, which was also called Marca Obertenga after him
- The Marca Liguria Occidentale (Western Ligures), which joined in the west, and which he gave to Aleram, the progenitor of the Franconian Aleramides , which was also called Marca Aleramica after him, as well
- The margraviate of Turin, which lay further to the west, and which he gave to Arduin Glaber, Count of Auriate, the head of the Franconian-born Arduine , as well as the margravate Susa to the south
The area north of the Po (with the exception of the area around Vercelli) remained as a reduced Margraviate Ivrea (or Marca Anscarica - after another name for the now ruling House of Burgundy-Ivrea ).
Like the other margraviates, the margraviate of Turin did not have a permanent existence in this area. The ancestral territory of Arduins, Auriate, was lost due to the division of inheritance, the Margraviate of Saluzzo was established here , the margraviate expanded north of the Po ( Novara , Vercelli ). When the count's family died out at the end of the 11th century, it fell to the House of Savoy , which was able to considerably expand its influence in northern Italy.
List of the Marquis of Turin
Arduine
- Arduin the Bald (Arduinus Glabrio), † after April 4, 976 (???), Count of Turin before 950, Margrave of Turin before 964
- Manfred (Maginfred, Maginfredus, Manfredus), † before 1001, son of Arduin, Margrave of Turin
- Odalrich-Maginfred (Odelricus dictus Mainfredus), † after 1029, son of Manfred, Margrave of Turin
-
Adelheid , † 1091 , daughter of Odalrichs, countess, heir to the margraviate of Turin;
- ∞ I around 1036 Hermann IV Duke of Swabia , 1036 Margrave of Turin, † 1038 near Milan ( Liutpoldinger )
- ∞ II before January 29, 1042 Heinrich (probably Margrave of Liguria-Occidentale-Savona) Margrave of Turin 1043/1044 ( Aleramiden )
- ∞ III around 1045/50 Odo Count of Maurienne and Chablais , then Count of Savoy , 1045/50 Margrave of Turin, † March 1, 1060
- Irmgard (Imilla), † 1077/1078, her sister, Countess, Duchess
- ∞ I around 1036 Otto von Schweinfurt , Margrave of the Nordgau , 1048 Duke of Swabia , † September 28, 1057 ( Schweinfurt House )
- ∞ II 1058 Ekbert I. Count of Braunschweig , 1057 Margrave of Friesland , 1067 Margrave of Meissen , † January 11, 1068 ( Brunonen )
- Berta, her sister, countess
House of Savoy
- Peter I of Savoy (around 1030 - 1078), Count of Savoy and Margrave of Turin, son of Odos
- Amadeus II of Savoy (* around 1030, † 1080), his brother
- Humbert II of Savoy (* around 1060, † 1103), his son, Count of Maurienne, Margrave of Turin
- ...
literature
- Detlev Schwennicke: European family tables . Family tables on the history of the European states. New episode, Volume 3, Part 3: Other large European families, illegitimate descendants of Spanish and Portuguese royal families. Stargardt, Marburg 1985, ISBN 3-465-02714-0 , plate 593.
- Giuseppe Sergi: I confini del potere. Marche e signorie fra due regni medievali (= Biblioteca Studio 17). Einaudi, Torino 1995, ISBN 88-06-13058-7 .
Web links
- Mario Ascheri, I conti di Ventimiglia e le origini del Comune di Ventimiglia (PDF file; 118 kB)